[comp.arch] Article on Next Inc.

rorden@kolob.UUCP (02/16/87)

I found this article and thought I'd pass it along for
discussion.  Some of the obvious questions are:

	1.  What would constitute the ideal "Scholar's
	    Workstation?"  Is their such a thing?

	2.  How can Next provide the software base required
	    to make their product universally acceptable in
	    the higher-education market?

	3.  How will they avoid getting held up by Apple,
	    who clearly has targeted higher-education with
	    their Macintosh and appears to have some control
	    over what Next is allowed to produce?

____________________________________________________________

            New Allies May Change Computer World


                       By Mark Potts

                    The Washington Post


     WASHINGTON - Each has a reputation as a  visionary  and
temperamental  entrepeneur.  Each has recently found himself
on the outs with a corporate bureaucracy.  And now  the  two
men - H. Ross Perot and Steven Jobs - are joining forces.

     Perot has made a $20 million investment  in  Jobs'  new
company,  Next  Inc.,  which  is developing a powerful small
computer for use by university researchers.

     The investment in the Palo Alto, Calif.-based firm  has
Silicon  Valley  buzzing:   Why  would Perot take such a big
stake in a company that has yet to produce a single product?

     "I saw significant technological breakthroughs at Next.
I  believe  they  are going to hit one out of the ballpark,"
said Perot, who founded Electronic Data Systems Corp.,  sold
it  to  General  Motors Corp. two years ago for $2.5 billion
and then was forced out of GM last year when  his  criticism
of the automaker rankled GM Chairman Roger Smith.

     "I look forward to my  affiliation  with  Next,"  Perot
said in announcing his investment in the company in January.
"They have some truly revolutionary products under  develop-
ment  and  are focusing on an exciting and important market-
place."

     Even before Perot got  interested,  Jobs'  company  had
been a topic of great speculation in computer circles.

     Few Silicon Valley entrepreneurs have been able to  hit
the jackpot twice, and Jobs had a big act to follow.

     As co-founder with Steve  Wozniak  of  Apple  computer,
Jobs  brought  the  personal computer to the masses with the
Apple II and thought up the Apple Macintosh  -  only  to  be
pushed out of Apple in a corporate power play in 1985.

     Jobs, 31, sold his Apple stock to raise seed money  for
Next,  setting up the company in lavish offices in Palo Alto
with a handful of former Apple employees.

     His goal:  to  build  sophisticated,  but  inexpensive,
computers for the higher-education market, giving university
students and researchers easy access to computing power in a
machine  that is something between a personal computer and a
large mainframe - at a cost of about $3,000.

     "Higher education has never had its Apple II:   a  ubi-
quitous  computing  resource  that is powerful, reliable and
flexible enough to be used everywhere on campus,"  Jobs  has
said.   "Our  singular  focus  at Next is to create a break-
through computing resource for higher education,  the  first
'scholar's work station.'"

     Not much  is  known  about  Next's  product,  which  is
scheduled  for release later this year, but it is said to be
based on specifications mapped  out  several  years  ago  by
researchers  at  Carnegie-Mellon  University for a so-called
"3M" machine - one with 1 million bytes of  memory,  a  pro-
cessing  speed  of  1  million instructions per second and a
high-quality 1 million-pixel display.

     Company literature indicates that Next's  computer  may
try to beat those specifications by a tenfold margin.

     One of the few hints about  the  machine  came  from  a
speech  Jobs  made  in  November to an educational-computing
conference.  "Next year, we'll unveil  a  breakthrough  com-
puter  necessary  to  run simulated learning environments, a
computer 10 to 20 times more  powerful  than  what  we  have
today," he said.

     Such a computer could have a significant impact on edu-
cation,  experts  believe,  giving  college  students  a new
medium for learning and research.

     "We can't give a  $5  million  genetics  lab  to  every
freshman  biochemistry  student, but everyone can experiment
with a simulated lab," Jobs said.  "This is where we want to
go  -  so any student can just sit down and mess around with
DNA until 4 in  the  morning,  seeing  what's  possible  and
what's not."

     Analysts have identified the market for the machine  as
a potential gold mine, with the possibility that the devices
could be modified and sold to the general high-end  personal
computer market.

     But Jobs is not the only one with  the  idea.   Several
other  computer  firms  -  including  Sun Microsystems Inc.,
Digital Equipment Corp.  and Apple  itself  -  already  have
introduced  or  are  developing  similar  machines  for  the
university market.

     "It is fiercely competitive," said Richard A.  Shaffer,
an  analyst  at  Technologic Partners, a New York consulting
firm that publishes a computer industry newsletter.

     Not only will Next face direct competition from the Sun
and  DEC  machines,  it  also  may have to go up against the
powerful new personal computers now hitting the market  that
are  based on the 80386 processing chip, as well as from new
hopped-up  versions  of  the  Macintosh  that  Jobs  himself
created.

     Apple could pose a problem for  Next  in  another  way:
Under the terms of the settlement of a lawsuit filed against
Jobs by the company after his departure to form Next,  Apple
is  allowed  to review Next products to make sure they don't
infringe on Apple's proprietary information  or  technology.
Industry  analysts  suggest  that  Apple  could stall Next's
machine in this manner to gain a competitive edge.

     In  addition,  experts  say,  Next  must  convince  the
university  market  that its machine is superior to the com-
petition, and to do this, the company's ability  to  provide
software  for  the  machine may be as crucial as the machine
itself.

     "Not only does Steve have to solve the problem of  per-
formance,  of getting volume purchasing... he's got to solve
the software problem," Shaffer said.  With a  "3M"  machine,
he  added, "there's almost a fourth 'M,' and that's the mil-
lion you have to spend on software...  For  Steve's  product
to  be  a  success,  it's  got  to  have a lot of very fancy
software in it, and that's very expensive to develop."

     Raymond  K.  Neff,  assistant  vice-chancellor  of  the
University of California at Berkeley, one of the educational
institutions advising Next, said the  new  machine  and  its
software  must  be such an incredible departure from current
standards and methods of studying that students will be wil-
ling to ante up several thousand dollars to buy the computer
and programs to run on it.

     "We're going to have to convince  the  students;  we're
going  to have to sell them on the vision," Neff said.  "And
we're going to have to develop wonderful software, so entic-
ing that it will sell them on the design."

     The market is so competitive,  and  so  many  questions
remain,  that despite Jobs' involvement in the company, Next
reportedly has had trouble attracting  the  venture  capital
needed to fund development of the machine.

     Enter Perot.  After  seeing  a  documentary  on  public
television about Jobs in November, Perot contacted Next with
an offer to invest.  With $700 million in his  pocket  after
GM  bought  out his stake in the auto-maker, he had money to
offer a company such as Next.

     Perot's $20 million investment will give him a 16  per-
cent  stake in the company.  Perot's funding, a Next spokes-
man said, will keep the company going through  the  shipment
of its first machines.

     In addition, Carnegie-Mellon  and  Stanford  University
have  made  a combined $1.3 million investment, for a 1 per-
cent stake, while Jobs retains 63 percent  of  the  company.
Another 20 percent is owned by its employees.

     Based on the investment figures, Jobs is  valuing  Next
at  $126 million, which analysts consider extremely high for
a company that has yet to release a product.

     "At a $126 million valuation, that's  four  times  what
the  deal  was  being  shopped for to venture capitalists on
both coasts last fall, and they turned him down because they
thought it was too high then," Shaffer said.

-- 
					
					Randy Rorden, Icon International
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