rorden@kolob.UUCP (02/16/87)
I found this article and thought I'd pass it along for discussion. Some of the obvious questions are: 1. What would constitute the ideal "Scholar's Workstation?" Is their such a thing? 2. How can Next provide the software base required to make their product universally acceptable in the higher-education market? 3. How will they avoid getting held up by Apple, who clearly has targeted higher-education with their Macintosh and appears to have some control over what Next is allowed to produce? ____________________________________________________________ New Allies May Change Computer World By Mark Potts The Washington Post WASHINGTON - Each has a reputation as a visionary and temperamental entrepeneur. Each has recently found himself on the outs with a corporate bureaucracy. And now the two men - H. Ross Perot and Steven Jobs - are joining forces. Perot has made a $20 million investment in Jobs' new company, Next Inc., which is developing a powerful small computer for use by university researchers. The investment in the Palo Alto, Calif.-based firm has Silicon Valley buzzing: Why would Perot take such a big stake in a company that has yet to produce a single product? "I saw significant technological breakthroughs at Next. I believe they are going to hit one out of the ballpark," said Perot, who founded Electronic Data Systems Corp., sold it to General Motors Corp. two years ago for $2.5 billion and then was forced out of GM last year when his criticism of the automaker rankled GM Chairman Roger Smith. "I look forward to my affiliation with Next," Perot said in announcing his investment in the company in January. "They have some truly revolutionary products under develop- ment and are focusing on an exciting and important market- place." Even before Perot got interested, Jobs' company had been a topic of great speculation in computer circles. Few Silicon Valley entrepreneurs have been able to hit the jackpot twice, and Jobs had a big act to follow. As co-founder with Steve Wozniak of Apple computer, Jobs brought the personal computer to the masses with the Apple II and thought up the Apple Macintosh - only to be pushed out of Apple in a corporate power play in 1985. Jobs, 31, sold his Apple stock to raise seed money for Next, setting up the company in lavish offices in Palo Alto with a handful of former Apple employees. His goal: to build sophisticated, but inexpensive, computers for the higher-education market, giving university students and researchers easy access to computing power in a machine that is something between a personal computer and a large mainframe - at a cost of about $3,000. "Higher education has never had its Apple II: a ubi- quitous computing resource that is powerful, reliable and flexible enough to be used everywhere on campus," Jobs has said. "Our singular focus at Next is to create a break- through computing resource for higher education, the first 'scholar's work station.'" Not much is known about Next's product, which is scheduled for release later this year, but it is said to be based on specifications mapped out several years ago by researchers at Carnegie-Mellon University for a so-called "3M" machine - one with 1 million bytes of memory, a pro- cessing speed of 1 million instructions per second and a high-quality 1 million-pixel display. Company literature indicates that Next's computer may try to beat those specifications by a tenfold margin. One of the few hints about the machine came from a speech Jobs made in November to an educational-computing conference. "Next year, we'll unveil a breakthrough com- puter necessary to run simulated learning environments, a computer 10 to 20 times more powerful than what we have today," he said. Such a computer could have a significant impact on edu- cation, experts believe, giving college students a new medium for learning and research. "We can't give a $5 million genetics lab to every freshman biochemistry student, but everyone can experiment with a simulated lab," Jobs said. "This is where we want to go - so any student can just sit down and mess around with DNA until 4 in the morning, seeing what's possible and what's not." Analysts have identified the market for the machine as a potential gold mine, with the possibility that the devices could be modified and sold to the general high-end personal computer market. But Jobs is not the only one with the idea. Several other computer firms - including Sun Microsystems Inc., Digital Equipment Corp. and Apple itself - already have introduced or are developing similar machines for the university market. "It is fiercely competitive," said Richard A. Shaffer, an analyst at Technologic Partners, a New York consulting firm that publishes a computer industry newsletter. Not only will Next face direct competition from the Sun and DEC machines, it also may have to go up against the powerful new personal computers now hitting the market that are based on the 80386 processing chip, as well as from new hopped-up versions of the Macintosh that Jobs himself created. Apple could pose a problem for Next in another way: Under the terms of the settlement of a lawsuit filed against Jobs by the company after his departure to form Next, Apple is allowed to review Next products to make sure they don't infringe on Apple's proprietary information or technology. Industry analysts suggest that Apple could stall Next's machine in this manner to gain a competitive edge. In addition, experts say, Next must convince the university market that its machine is superior to the com- petition, and to do this, the company's ability to provide software for the machine may be as crucial as the machine itself. "Not only does Steve have to solve the problem of per- formance, of getting volume purchasing... he's got to solve the software problem," Shaffer said. With a "3M" machine, he added, "there's almost a fourth 'M,' and that's the mil- lion you have to spend on software... For Steve's product to be a success, it's got to have a lot of very fancy software in it, and that's very expensive to develop." Raymond K. Neff, assistant vice-chancellor of the University of California at Berkeley, one of the educational institutions advising Next, said the new machine and its software must be such an incredible departure from current standards and methods of studying that students will be wil- ling to ante up several thousand dollars to buy the computer and programs to run on it. "We're going to have to convince the students; we're going to have to sell them on the vision," Neff said. "And we're going to have to develop wonderful software, so entic- ing that it will sell them on the design." The market is so competitive, and so many questions remain, that despite Jobs' involvement in the company, Next reportedly has had trouble attracting the venture capital needed to fund development of the machine. Enter Perot. After seeing a documentary on public television about Jobs in November, Perot contacted Next with an offer to invest. With $700 million in his pocket after GM bought out his stake in the auto-maker, he had money to offer a company such as Next. Perot's $20 million investment will give him a 16 per- cent stake in the company. Perot's funding, a Next spokes- man said, will keep the company going through the shipment of its first machines. In addition, Carnegie-Mellon and Stanford University have made a combined $1.3 million investment, for a 1 per- cent stake, while Jobs retains 63 percent of the company. Another 20 percent is owned by its employees. Based on the investment figures, Jobs is valuing Next at $126 million, which analysts consider extremely high for a company that has yet to release a product. "At a $126 million valuation, that's four times what the deal was being shopped for to venture capitalists on both coasts last fall, and they turned him down because they thought it was too high then," Shaffer said. -- Randy Rorden, Icon International {ihnp4,decvax,seismo!ut-sally} 774 South 400 East, Orem, UT. !utah-cs!utah-gr!uplherc!nrc-ut!iconsys!rorden