[comp.arch] Range of IEEE floating point, >= 80 bits wide

mark@mips.COM (Mark G. Johnson) (01/02/89)

In article <325@loligo.fsu.edu> mccalpin@masig1.ocean.fsu.edu (John D. McCalpin) writes:
>
>What format is used for the IEEE 128-bit numbers?  All I have read 
>is the original proposed draft standard, and I don't recall this
>length.  Specifically, what size exponent does the 128-bit format use?

You're right; the IEEE standard only specifies a "double extended" precision
which has >= 15 bits of exponent, >= 64 bits of fraction, and an exponent
range of at least -16382..+16383.  It's possible for both 80-bit *and*
128-bit floating point formats to fit the IEEE definition of "double
extended" precision as long as they meet these requirements.

And the MIPS architecture defines floating-point formats in both lengths:
80- and 128-bit.  They are both IEEE-standard "double extended":
	total width		80 bits			128 bits
	exponent bits		15 bits			 15 bits
	leading one		explicit		explicit
	fraction bits		64 bits			112 bits
	exponent range		-16382..16383		-16382..16383

>There is some hesitancy in the supercomputer community to switch to the
>IEEE format because the exponent range of 64-bit numbers is so much
>smaller than the range currently provided by Cray and CDC/ETA formats.
>The IEEE 64-bit allows a range of about 1.0e-308 to 1.0e+308, while the
>Cray and CDC/ETA machines allow a range of about 1.0e-4000 to 1.0e+4000.
>
>I do not believe that the 80-bit format increases the exponent range.
>It might help if the 128-bit format did allow this.....
>
Agreed; for normalized numbers, the IEEE double precision format has an
exponent range of -1022..1023  (roughly, a range of 10^-308 to 10^308 for
normalized numbers).

However, IEEE double-extended precision has a range of at least -16382..16383
(roughly, 10^-4900 to 10^4900).  This is true for all IEEE double-extendeds,
in particular, for 80-bit formats and larger.

So, in at least the category of ``range of numbers represented'', existing
microprocessor chips that implement the IEEE double-extended precision
in 80 bits (like the 8087, 68881, et cetera) match up nicely against
Cray, CDC, and ETA.  :-).
-- 
 -- Mark Johnson	
 	MIPS Computer Systems, 930 E. Arques, Sunnyvale, CA 94086
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