[comp.arch] Voltage multiplexing

horst@avior.crhc.uiuc.edu (Robert Horst) (07/30/90)

In article <sacmZI_00hMNQmYF0k@cs.cmu.edu> 
Daniel.Stodolsky@CS.CMU.EDU writes:
>IDEA: Why not voltage domain multiplex? On a given pin,  one signal
>could come in at either  -3 or +3 volts for 0 and 1, and a second 
>signal could come in at -1 or +1 volts for 0 and 1. A little extra 
>logic would be needed to decode the signal, but one could get a 
>doubling of the number of signals for a given packaging scheme...

Those interested in voltage-multiplexing may wish to read the 
following reference:

A. Khan, L. Yue, R. Horst, "An N:1 Time-Voltage Matrix Encoded 
Transmission System", PROC. 1989 BIPOLAR CIRCUITS AND TECHNOLOGY 
MEETING, Sept 1989.

ABSTRACT:  New encoder and decoder circuits use multiple-valued ECL 
and time-multiplexing to ease IC pinout limitations.  Each pin can 
transmit or recieve up to eight bits of information in one clock 
cycle.


Each physical pin becomes 8 "virtual pins" by 4:1 time multiplexing 
and 2:1 voltage multiplexing.  The voltage multiplexing uses four 
discrete voltage levels of -Vbe, -2Vbe, -3Vbe and -4Vbe.  Special 
voltage reference circuits provide sufficient noise margin despite 
possible temperature variations between encoder and decoder.  The 
circuits were SPICE simulated with a generic ECL process (now fairly 
obsolete).  Total delay for encoder plus decoder ranged from 1.1 ns 
to 3.4 ns.

The paper gives schematics of the encoder and decoder circuits, and 
some of the timing waveforms. Several patents are pending on the new 
circuits.

Robert Horst
Tandem Computers Incorporated 
and
Center for Reliable and High Performance Computing
University of Illinois Center
horst@bach.crhc.uiuc.edu