[net.nlang] Slavic languages and sealing wa

grass@uiucdcsb.Uiuc.ARPA (07/14/85)

<>
>Somebody mentioned earlier that the Slavic languages developed
>an aspect system at some time he/she was able to state.
>What system of tenses was there before that?
>
>Vallath Nandakumar
>Dept. of EECS, UC Berkeley.

The earliest written Slavic texts date back to about 900-1100 AD.  The language
contained in them is generally called "Old Church Slavonic".  It is believed
that they reflect the spoken "Common Slavic" which was beginning to break up 
into distinct dialects at about that time (evidence for this is visible in
the various redactions of the OCS texts that come mostly from:  Bohemia,
Kiev and Bulgaria reflecting the three major slavic sub families).  It would
take a different kind of scholarship to identify any earlier tense system,
as there are no texts.

The OCS tense system looked a lot more like modern Bulgarian and Macedonian
than any of the West or East tense systems.  The West and East slavic
languages lost the simple and imperfect past tenses (I think that 
their inflection is the basis of the Russian verb participles).  In Bulgarian,
Macedonian and somewhat archaic Serbian these forms hung on.  The Bulgarian
witnessed/ not witnessed meanings seem to be newer.  The OCS texts
don't use the forms that way.

(OCS is not the same as the language used in various Orthodox churches
{Russian Orthodox, Bulgarian Orthodox, Serbian Orthodox, etc.}.  There are
various church languages that are to the modern languages an 
earlier stage than the King James bible English is to Modern English.
Russian Church Slavic probably reflects 17th century literary Russian
and sometimes uses the lost past tenses).

	- Judy Grass,  University of Illinois - Urbana
	  {ihnp4,pur-ee,convex}!uiucdcs!grass   grass%uiuc.arpa