[uw.chinese] Feb. 18, China News Digest

Bo Chi <chi@vlsi> (02/18/91)

                  * C h i n a   N e w s   D i g e s t *

                             (News General)

                           February 18, 1990


Table of Contents                                                   # of Lines

1. A Letter to CND ................................................... 23
2. The Holiday and the Jailed Activivist Families .................... 95
3. Lunar New Year in China ........................................... 32

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1. A Letter to CND
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A Student in Canada
from aaa@cs.bbb.ca
Sat Feb 16 21:45 GMT 1991

Dear Editor:

Recently  when  I  read  some academic books and papers of Baltic
scholars,  I found many dedications of them is to their homeland,
such  as  to "reviving Latvia" (please notice that these publica-
tions  were  published  within  Soviet  Union around 1987). I was
moved  deeply  by their spirit. Before outstanding scholars, they
are  Lithuanians, Latvians, ....

On the other hand, the Peking regime often spread such propaganda
as  some  Chinese students studying abroad dedicated their thesis
to "the great socialist motherland".

Therefore I will add in my thesis the following dedications: " At
same  time, the author dedicate this thesis to the dear homeland,
China,  which is suffering from a long nightmare, and to its peo-
ple, who are fighting for freedom and human rights."

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2. The Holiday and the Jailed Activivist Families
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From: "Wu, Fang" <INT3FWU@mvs.oac.ucla.edu>
BY: KATHY WILHELM
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS       DATE: February 14, 1991

Bursts  of  fireworks  Thursday night ushered in a gloomy Year of
the   Sheep   for  the  families  of  newly  sentenced  democracy
activists, many of whom face financial hard times.

``We  don't  feel too much like celebrating this year,'' said the
wife  of one jailed activist, who said she and her daughter would
spend  the  lunar  new  year, China's biggest holiday, quietly at
home.

There  was  no word from authorities of a hoped-for holiday visit
with her husband, whom she hasn't seen since his arrest 21 months
ago.

But  few  people  seem  to believe that the cause of democracy in
China  has  been  dealt  a  death blow with the sentencing of the
leaders  of  1989's  massive  demonstrations.  Conversations with
intellectuals,  freed  protesters and relatives of those still in
jail are sprinkled with references to ''when things change.''  No
one believes future protests must wait for the release of student
leader  Wang Dan, serving a four-year term, veteran dissident Ren
Wanding,  who has a seven-year term, or intellectuals Chen Ziming
and Wang Juntao, sentenced to 13 years.

``China  has  a way of churning out new generations of reformists
very quickly,'' said a Western diplomat, speaking on condition of
anonymity.  workers and intellectuals waiting in the wings.''

For  those  in  jail  and their families, the immediate future is
bleak.  Most of the jailed students and scholars were held before
trial  at Beijing's Qincheng Prison, a high-security facility for
political prisoners.

An  atmosphere  of  collegiality prevailed, according to released
prisoners.   Students,  sleeping  six or eight in a cell, tutored
each  other  in English and other subjects and held spirited dis-
cussions  on  politics  and the economy.  Now that they have been
sentenced,  they may be moved to ordinary prisons and labor camps
where  the routine is less stimulating.  At Beijing Prison No. 1,
considered  a  model  facility,  prisoners work eight hours a day
making  plastic sandals and nylon socks, followed by two hours of
mandatory group political study.

Each  prisoner must write a monthly essay analyzing his crime and
how  he  should  reform.   The  state allocates about $7 for each
prisoner's monthly food bill, making meat and eggs rare luxuries.

Prison  No.  1 holds only people sentenced to 10 years or longer.
Of  the  25  protesters given prison terms in the recent sweep of
trials,  only  two  Chen  and Wang qualify.  But prison officials
said last May that two dozen other protesters were already there.

So  far,  most of the 1989 protest leaders are said to be in good
spirits.  Liu Gang, a 30-year-old researcher sentenced Tuesday to
six years, told his family that prison was like a ``new school.''

But  there  are  unconfirmed  reports one jailed scholar tried to
commit suicide.  The system has crushed previous dissidents:  Wei
Jingsheng,  serving  a  15-year  jail  term  for  publishing pro-
democracy essays in 1978, reportedly has become mentally ill.

Several  families  have found themselves without their main wage-
earner.   Zong  Jingshan,  a  Capital Steel worker sentenced last
summer to three years in jail, supported his retired parents.

Chen's  parents,  both  past retirement age, have become the sole
supporters of his wife, sister and brother-in-law, who lost their
jobs when his private research institute was closed by the state.

Ren's  wife  was  forced to move from their apartment to a small,
single room and fears she may be evicted from that, too.  She has
been unable to find a job.

But  many families say they have been treated warmly by neighbors
and  co-workers,  unlike  the  past  when  relatives of political
offenders were ostracized.

``So  many  people have come to me to say they admire him,'' said
the  wife  of  one  jailed dissident.  ``They say if I need money
they  will  help cover my living expenses.''  Some relatives hope
political  change  will  come quickly enough to win early release
for  the  activists.  Others say it could take decades before any
force emerges powerful enough to supplant the Communist Party.

But  the  belief  that the party has lost its popular mandate and
eventually  must fall is widespread.  In Beijing, ordinary people
complain  openly about corrupt officials and the monotony of lec-
tures on socialist ideology.

Intellectuals  ponder  the best way to reform the system, but for
now think it wisest to keep quiet.

``It  will take a long time to recover,'' a freed protester said,
referring to China's democratic forces.  ``I'm more than 40 years
old.   Ten  years  from  now, I can still take part'' in the next
demonstrations.
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3. Lunar New Year in China
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From: "Wu, Fang" <INT3FWU@mvs.oac.ucla.edu>
BY: CHARLENE L. FU
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS       DATE: February 14, 1991

Chinese  all  over the country gathered with their families today
to  eat and drink their way into the lunar new year, the nation's
biggest holiday.

Senior  leader  Deng  Xiaoping  celebrated in the coastal city of
Shanghai,  extending  his  wishes  for a happy new year in a rare
appearance  on  the  state-run  television network's evening news
broadcast.

Also  called  Spring Festival in mainland China, the holiday com-
bines  the gift-giving of Christmas, with the family reunions and
feasting  of  Thanksgiving  and the merrymaking of the Jan. 1 New
Year.

The  festivities  climax with a deafening roar of firecrackers at
the  stroke  of  midnight tonight to greet the year of the sheep,
which  fortune-tellers  are predicting will be a year of disarray
and confusion, natural disasters and economic disorder.

The  Chinese  12-year  zodiac cycle assigns a different animal to
each year.

The  dire  forecasts  appeared  to have little affect in Beijing.
Firecrackers  have  been  going  off for days and residents began
planning weeks in advance for the celebrations.

That  contrasts with the gloom that hung over the city last year,
when  memories  of  the  crackdown on the 1989 democracy movement
were still fresh and martial law had just been lifted.

The  Communist government has criticized some traditional aspects
of  the  lunar new year.  This year, the state press targeted the
custom  of  giving  children money, criticizing elders for giving
out exorbitant amounts of cash.

The  average  gift is about $15, while some doting relatives give
upwards  of  $100  to each child, the People's Daily said.  Other
traditions,  however,  have  been  revived.   Temple fairs made a
comeback  in  Beijing in the mid-1980s, bringing together variety
shows,  amateur Peking opera performances, animal exhibitions and
stalls selling snacks, traditional foods and toys.

Firecrackers, thought to scare off evil spirits, remain an essen-
tial  element  of  the  holiday.   In Beijing, street-side stalls
opened  late last month to sell 1.2 billion firecrackers, down 11
percent from last year.  Authorities have reduced the firecracker
supply  for  the  past  three  years  to cut down on injuries and
fires.

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