[net.ham-radio] OSCAR-10 Update

karn@eagle.UUCP (06/21/83)

Things are definitely looking better up there.  It is now believed that a
combination of factors is causing the sun angle to improve at about 3
degrees per day; at this rate, the sun sensor should become operational
only about a week from now.  Average temperatures are also improving;
the latest report from Tokyo is that the battery is bottoming out at
about -3.9 C, when it had been considerably colder just a few days ago.

I am doing some research to determine how long we can safely remain in
our current orbit.  While I do not yet have access to an analytical
model for solar and lunar perturbations, we can take heart in the fact
that the pieces from previous Ariane launches left in the transfer orbit
are still up there.  This even includes Ariane L-1, which was launched
on 24 Dec 1979.  The only effect on us will probably be a drop in apogee
height due to perigee drag, which will have a noticeable effect on orbital
period but isn't likely to be serious.

Keep your fingers crossed; the patient is still in guarded condition,
but the trends are all positive.

Phil

karn@eagle.UUCP (06/22/83)

Things continue to improve more rapidly than expected aboard
Amsat-Oscar-10.  The sun angle is coming down so rapidly that the sun
sensor pulses are expected back by Friday.  Battery temperatures are now
spending much of their time above 0 C. In addition, the combined
effects of spin axis and orbit plane precession appear to be moving the
spin axis toward the orientation it will need for the first motor firing!
Once the sun pulses are back, it will then be possible to command the
onboard computer to do spinup and attitude maneuvers for the first
firing.

The General Beacon is now on full time, since the solar array currents
have come up enough to support it.

Some initial ranging has been done, but not enough to well determine
the orbit yet.  We're continuing to use elements provided by NORAD
last week but they seem to be slightly off.

A special software routine was written to dwell on a single solar array
in order to determine the spin rate - approximately 6.2 RPM and apparently
INCREASING by itself.

The current orbit has been analyzed and there is no need to worry over
the short term (1 month) about orbit decay.

In short, we seem to have "pulled a TDRS" (to coin a phrase); the
satellite is surviving like a real cat, always landing on its feet.

Phil Karn

karn@eagle.UUCP (06/25/83)

As expected, the sun sensors on AMSAT-OSCAR-10 are now beginning to
function.  Yesterday, initial data from the sensors indicated that the
spin is very low, less than the 2 RPM lower limit at which the spin
rate determination system will function properly.  This spin rate was
consistent with observed regular fades due to the side lobes of the
off-pointed hi-gain antennas.

It was also determined that the spacecraft is apparently spinning slowly
BACKWARDS from the direction it should have been spun by the Ariane. 
This now points to an explanation in which the Ariane either did not
give us the correct spin rate or did not spin us up at all.

In any case, software has been loaded to spin up the satellite (in the
"backwards" direction so as to avoid going through a zero spin rate)
and should execute on the upcoming perigee pass about an hour from now.

Spacecraft systems continue to function quite well, and there is now
plenty of power from the solar arrays due to the improved sun angle. 
Here is a CW telemetry frame just copied from the 145.810 mhz general beacon:

AMSAT OSCAR 10 at 03:30:00 UTC Orbit 19 MA 216/256 TLM: UBAT 14.5 V
TBAT 4.9C Iarray 0.4A SA 0.2 dg Spin 2 RPM Satellite status:
First motor firing and orbit change delayed to orbit 50 because
orientation change required transponder off until then listen to this
bulletin on the hour for latest news AMSAT OSCAR 10 HI HI

Comments: Solar array current has not risen because there is already
enough current for the spacecraft systems and the battery is fully
charged; therefore the battery charge regulator has cut back the operating
point of the solar arrays, reducing the generated current.  The battery
voltage is lower than it was during the first few days of the mission
because the NiCds have a negative temperature coefficient; a fully
charged battery has a higher open circuit voltage at lower temperatures.

"MA 216/256" (MA = "Mean Anomaly") means that the satellite has
completed 216/256 of its orbital period; perigee is defined as MA = 0,
and apogee is 128.  The SA (sun angle) and Spin figures are still
wrong because of the very slow spin rate.

Phil Karn, KA9Q/2

karn@eagle.UUCP (06/30/83)

This past evening, a second spin-up maneuver was performed successfully
on AMSAT-OSCAR-10.  The resulting spin rate is now measured as 18.68 RPM,
although the CW telemetry is saying 26 RPM (the CW telemetry routine
has a bad calibration formula in it, but hey, it's only software..!)
The actual measurement was done with a chart recorder attached to the
S-meter of a receiver.  If you listen you will hear rapid, regular fading
on the beacon. This is due to the fact that on two meters, the spacecraft
isn't large enough to act as an ideal ground plane for the omni whip,
resulting in three side lobes at certain look angles.

During torquing maneuvers, the general beacon on 145.810 has been placed
into the 20-minute-on, 40-minute-off cycle as a precautionary measure.
Once it is verified that the sun angles are still OK (i.e., the spinup
did the right thing), the beacon will probably be put back on full time
operation.

The next step is a precession of the spin axis northward to the proper
firing attitude.  This will probably take a few more days, so that if
all goes well the first motor burn will be next week.  Keep your fingers
crossed (or, as the Germans say, hold onto your thumbs!)

Phil