[net.ham-radio] XMTR TUBES -- \"PULLS\"

YOUNG@MARLBORO.DEC.COM (01/09/86)

I have some comments on upgrading an SB-220 for 1500 Watts output.
My first comment is "Don't do it".  An SB-220 is good for about 1000
to 1200 watts output, maybe a bit more on 80 meters.  It's not likely
that anyone would be able to hear the difference if you went to 1500
watts.  Almost the entire SB-220 is "flat out" at it's current power.
To rebuild it for more power, you would have to look at the following:

1.  The Power Supply

The transformer in an SB-220 is the acknowledged weak link.  Most of the
serious failures of this amplifier I know of (and I know people who run
*lots* of soup from an SB-220) are due to transformer overheating.  The
diodes are also marginal, with no capacitor/resistor protection.  And it's
a voltage doubler.  The power supply capacitors may be usable, but with
more current drawn from the supply you will have more voltage drop, and
more hum.

2.  The Output Amplifier

If you want to add another 3-500Z, you will have to remove the partition
between the amplifier and the power supply.  You will also have to redo
the cooling, probably adding another fan to cool the new tube.  The plate
impedance will have changed, requiring replacement of the Pi-network coil,
and possibly the fixed shunt capacitors.  The coil mounted on the plastic
form might not be up to the extra power anyways.  While you're at it you
might want to check the little open frame T/R relay under the chassis,
which might not be up to the extra watts.  Note that it runs on DC from
the transformer (there is only one transformer, it supplys B+, filament,
bias, and relay voltage, and you won't want to run the filaments from a
transformer far from the amplifier).  The input circuit impedance will be
lower with 3 tubes, so you will have to rebuild the input network too.

3.  The 4-400 Driver

Adding a 4-400 to get enough drive would be a major undertaking.  The
existing input network would have to be redesigned, and connected to
the 4-400.  I assume you are running it grounded grid, otherwise you
will have to neutralize it, and provide a screen supply.  The output
impedance of this stage is several thousand ohms, and the input of the
finals is under a hundred ohms.  You will probably need a Pi-network
here, complete with a bandswitch and tune and load controls.

Going with an 8877 should eliminate the need for a driver stage, because
it has greater power sensitivity (higher gain) than the 3-500Z.  But to
use it you will have to replace the power supply, rebuild the input and
output networks, and completely redesign the cooling, since a ceramic
metal tube of that shape will require a blower and a chimney.  There
won't be a whole lot left of the original SB-220, and of course, you will
be QRP until the project is finished.

If you really want to be able to run 1500 watts, you would be better off
building an amplifier from scratch.  That way you won't be barefoot until
you finish the amp, and when you are done you can sell the SB-220.  I
think that would end up costing less than modifying the SB-220, since the
parts you remove from it won't be worth as much as the whole unit.  Also
building from scratch will avoid having to make layout or other compromises
based on things Heathkit did, and will allow you more use of the surplus
market because the parts won't have to fit in where the old parts were.

By the way, if you are seriously considering the 8877, you might want to
consider the 3CX1200 instead.  It has several advantages, such as lower
cost and instant warm-up, and is quite capable of running 1500 watts out.

			Paul, K1XM
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jhs@mitre-bedford.ARPA (01/11/86)

To be precise, 1500 watts versus 1200 is slightly less than 1 dB, whereas
one "S" unit is 6 dB (except on receivers with inflated S-meters).  The
stations you work will DEFINITELY not be able to hear the difference, nor
see it on their S meters.

						-John S., W3IKG