[comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware] Question about different 386's ...

coop4y44@bwdla28.bnr.ca (Takis Skagos) (04/04/91)

  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
tree.  I've heard the 386 refered to as 386SX, 386DX, and something
else that I cannot remember.  Does anybody out there know?

						Taki


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P. Takis Skagos 
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akcs.gregc@vpnet.chi.il.us (*Greg*) (04/04/91)

Takis Skagos scribbled:

>Item: 2869 by coop4y44 at bwdla28.bnr.ca
>  Subj: Question about different 386's ...
>  Date: Thu Apr 04 1991 03:02 
>
>  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
>tree.  I've heard the 386 refered to as 386SX, 386DX, and something
>else that I cannot remember.  Does anybody out there know?

Hi too.. The 80386 is very simple.  386SX is a 16 bit crunching chip.  It
processes 16 bits at a time while the 386DX is a 32 bit crunching chip.  You
are probably better off to get the DX.  But for tight bugets; an SX is the
way to go.
____
\GC/  Greg Clawson
 \/   Chicago IL. - The heart of America

c60b-1eq@e260-1f.berkeley.edu (Noam Mendelson) (04/05/91)

In article <27fb0c94-b35.1comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware-1@vpnet.chi.il.us> akcs.gregc@vpnet.chi.il.us (*Greg*) writes:
>Takis Skagos scribbled:
>>Item: 2869 by coop4y44 at bwdla28.bnr.ca
>>  Subj: Question about different 386's ...
>>  Date: Thu Apr 04 1991 03:02 
>>  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
>>tree.  I've heard the 386 refered to as 386SX, 386DX, and something
>>else that I cannot remember.  Does anybody out there know?
>Hi too.. The 80386 is very simple.  386SX is a 16 bit crunching chip.  It
>processes 16 bits at a time while the 386DX is a 32 bit crunching chip.  You
>are probably better off to get the DX.  But for tight bugets; an SX is the
>way to go.

I disagree.  Even though the DX has 16 more pins, most of the time they're
not being used.  This is due to the fact that most MSDOS programs are 16-bit
(with the exception of 386-specific programs).  So unless you actually make
use of all 32 pins, a 386SX is not a bad way to go.

+==========================================================================+
| Noam Mendelson   ..!agate!ucbvax!web!c60b-1eq | "I haven't lost my mind, |
| c60b-1eq@web.Berkeley.EDU                     |  it's backed up on tape  |
| University of California at Berkeley          |  somewhere."             |

pschwart@vms.macc.wisc.edu (Paul Schwartz) (04/05/91)

In article <27fb0c94-b35.1comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware-1@vpnet.chi.il.us> akcs.gregc@vpnet.chi.il.us (*Greg*) writes:
>Takis Skagos scribbled:
>>Item: 2869 by coop4y44 at bwdla28.bnr.ca
>>  Subj: Question about different 386's ...
>>  Date: Thu Apr 04 1991 03:02 
>>  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
>>tree.  I've heard the 386 refered to as 386SX, 386DX, and something
>>else that I cannot remember.  Does anybody out there know?
>Hi too.. The 80386 is very simple.  386SX is a 16 bit crunching chip.  It
>processes 16 bits at a time while the 386DX is a 32 bit crunching chip. 

    Wrong, wrong, wrong.  Data is transfered to and from the SX in 16-bit 
chunks, but its internal processing is equivalent to the DX, 32-bits.


    						- Z -

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|  PauL M SchwartZ              |   There are many causes worth dying for,    | 
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smsmith@hpuxa.acs.ohio-state.edu (Stephen M. Smith) (04/06/91)

c60b-1eq@e260-1f.berkeley.edu (Noam Mendelson) writes:
akcs.gregc@vpnet.chi.il.us (*Greg*) writes:
>>Takis Skagos scribbled:
>>>  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
>>>tree.  I've heard the 386 refered to as 386SX, 386DX, and something
>>>else that I cannot remember.  Does anybody out there know?
>>Hi too.. The 80386 is very simple.  386SX is a 16 bit crunching chip.  It
>>processes 16 bits at a time while the 386DX is a 32 bit crunching chip.  You
>>are probably better off to get the DX.  But for tight bugets; an SX is the
>>way to go.
>
>I disagree.  Even though the DX has 16 more pins, most of the time they're
>not being used.  This is due to the fact that most MSDOS programs are 16-bit
>(with the exception of 386-specific programs).  So unless you actually make
>use of all 32 pins, a 386SX is not a bad way to go.

Hmmm.....  Maybe a bit of clarification is needed:

SX and DX chips are both 32-bit processing chips.  BOTH will
run 386-specific programs, DOS or otherwise.  The number of
external pins on the SX does not affect its being a true
386 processor, nor do they make it incompatible with
32-bit "protected" mode software.

The difference in the two chips is that the DX can access anything
EXTERNAL to the chip via a true 32-bit channel, whereas the SX
accesses external things via a 16-bit channel.  This includes
memory, peripherals, or whatever else.

Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????

Steve Smith

kaleb@thyme.jpl.nasa.gov (Kaleb Keithley) (04/06/91)

In article <1991Apr5.213536.12925@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> smsmith@hpuxa.acs.ohio-state.edu (Stephen M. Smith) writes:
>c60b-1eq@e260-1f.berkeley.edu (Noam Mendelson) writes:
>>akcs.gregc@vpnet.chi.il.us (*Greg*) writes:
>>>Takis Skagos wrote:
>>>>  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
>>>Hi too.. The 80386 is very simple.  386SX is a 16 bit crunching chip.  It
>>I disagree.  Even though the DX has 16 more pins, most of the time they're
>Hmmm.....  Maybe a bit of clarification is needed:
>SX and DX chips are both 32-bit processing chips.  BOTH will

Let's sing the 386 song.  (to the tune of Revolution #9, by the Beatles)
A 386, is a 386, is a 386, is....   you get the idea.  

The Intel 386 family is a 32 bit processor.  Variants known as SX and 
DX exist.  The SX has a 16-bit data bus.  the DX has a 32-bit data bus.  
The DX has a longer instruction pre-fetch queue.  In general the DX 
is a) more expensive, and b) more powerfull.

>Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
>else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????

Close, but no cigar.  The 8086/8088 (and 80186/80188/80286) are *all*
16-bit CPUs.  The 8086/80186/80286 have 16-bit data busses, while the
8088/80188 have 8-bit data busses.  Too bad Intel didn't follow their
own convention and call the 386SX an 80388 :-)

BTW, all MSDOS programs *are* 16-bit programs because they run in 16-bit
(and 32-bit) CPUs.  

-- 
Kaleb Keithley                        kaleb@thyme.jpl.nasa.gov

Meep Meep                             Roadrunner
Veep veep                             Quayle

phil@cs.mcgill.ca (Philip LOCONG) (04/06/91)

>[debate about usefullness of 386DX vs 386SX with one (con)argument
> being that most MSDOS programs are 16bit]
>Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
>else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????

Doesn't an XT have a 8086 ?
(which is 16-bit in the same way 386SX is 32-bit)

:-)

(However, I do agree that most or "very very many" programs are 8-bit)

torvalds@cc.helsinki.fi (04/06/91)

In article <1991Apr5.023634.549@agate.berkeley.edu>, 
c60b-1eq@e260-1f.berkeley.edu (Noam Mendelson) writes:
>> [ discussion on 386DX vs 386SX deleted ]
> 
> I disagree.  Even though the DX has 16 more pins, most of the time they're
> not being used.  This is due to the fact that most MSDOS programs are 16-bit
> (with the exception of 386-specific programs).  So unless you actually make
> use of all 32 pins, a 386SX is not a bad way to go.

I'm not disagreeing outright, but I do have one point: dos (and all
16-bit programs) won't actually use the 16 high bits for data transfer
(the pins are used though), but instruction prefetching goes on as
before. I don't have statistics or anything, but I's say MUCH more
than 50% of all memory fetches are instruction prefetching. Getting 4
bytes instead of 2 at a time into the prefetch queue should make a
notable difference. Anybody have any actual timing differences? The
point is that the 16 extra pins should be a big win even if not used
explicitly by the programmer.

		Linus Torvalds		torvalds@cc.helsinki.fi

PS. Speed shouldn't really be an issue here. As far as I know the SX is
made in max 20MHz versions, most (?) DX's are >20MHz. The big difference
between the DX and SX is in price - if you can live with a slower
system, by all means go for the SX.

smsmith@hpuxa.acs.ohio-state.edu (Stephen M. Smith) (04/06/91)

kaleb@thyme.jpl.nasa.gov (Kaleb Keithley) writes:
>smsmith@hpuxa.acs.ohio-state.edu (Stephen M. Smith) writes:
>>Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
>>else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????
>
>Close, but no cigar.  The 8086/8088 (and 80186/80188/80286) are *all*
>16-bit CPUs.  The 8086/80186/80286 have 16-bit data busses, while the
>8088/80188 have 8-bit data busses.  Too bad Intel didn't follow their
>own convention and call the 386SX an 80388 :-)
>
>BTW, all MSDOS programs *are* 16-bit programs because they run in 16-bit
>(and 32-bit) CPUs.  

Yes, that's correct.  Oops.

Stephen Smith

c60b-1eq@e260-1d.berkeley.edu (Noam Mendelson) (04/06/91)

In article <1991Apr5.213536.12925@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> smsmith@hpuxa.acs.ohio-state.edu (Stephen M. Smith) writes:
>c60b-1eq@e260-1f.berkeley.edu (Noam Mendelson) writes:
>akcs.gregc@vpnet.chi.il.us (*Greg*) writes:
>>>Takis Skagos scribbled:
>>>>  Hi.  I've a question about the different chips in the 80386 family
>>>>tree.  I've heard the 386 refered to as 386SX, 386DX, and something
>>>>else that I cannot remember.  Does anybody out there know?
>>>Hi too.. The 80386 is very simple.  386SX is a 16 bit crunching chip.  It
>>>processes 16 bits at a time while the 386DX is a 32 bit crunching chip.  You
>>>are probably better off to get the DX.  But for tight bugets; an SX is the
>>>way to go.
>>I disagree.  Even though the DX has 16 more pins, most of the time they're
>>not being used.  This is due to the fact that most MSDOS programs are 16-bit
>>(with the exception of 386-specific programs).  So unless you actually make
>>use of all 32 pins, a 386SX is not a bad way to go.
>Hmmm.....  Maybe a bit of clarification is needed:
>SX and DX chips are both 32-bit processing chips.  BOTH will
>run 386-specific programs, DOS or otherwise.  The number of
>external pins on the SX does not affect its being a true
>386 processor, nor do they make it incompatible with
>32-bit "protected" mode software.
>The difference in the two chips is that the DX can access anything
>EXTERNAL to the chip via a true 32-bit channel, whereas the SX
>accesses external things via a 16-bit channel.  This includes
>memory, peripherals, or whatever else.

True, but I'm not arguing that.  I was simply pointing out the
differences between them.

>Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
>else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????

No, MSDOS programs are 16-bit.  If your XT is equipped with an 8088
(instead of an 8086), then you technically have an 8-bit processor;
however, the situation is similar to that of a 386SX.  The bus is 8 bits
wide, but the processor can internally handle 16 bits.

+==========================================================================+
| Noam Mendelson   ..!agate!ucbvax!web!c60b-1eq | "I haven't lost my mind, |
| c60b-1eq@web.Berkeley.EDU                     |  it's backed up on tape  |
| University of California at Berkeley          |  somewhere."             |

lbr@holos0.uucp (Len Reed) (04/08/91)

>>Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
>>else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????

It's amazing that someone could correctly describe the 80386SX as
internally 32-bit and externally (i.e., data path) 16 bit and then
completly miss the fact that the 8088 is the same animal in the 16/8
bit world.  DOS runs in 16-bit mode; full-word (16-bit) accesses
take 2 accesses on an 8088 and 1 on 8086, 80186 (not comonly used in
PCs), 80286 and above.

>Doesn't an XT have a 8086 ?
>(which is 16-bit in the same way 386SX is 32-bit)

No, it has an 8088 which is 16-bit in the same way the 386SX is 32-bit.
An 8086 is a full 16-bit processor.

8086:  16/16
8088:  16/8
80186: 16/16, additional instructions (e.g., PUSHA), on-board peripheral
       control, timer, and DMA, faster than 8086 at same clock speed.
       Often used in embedded systems.
80286: 16/16, has 80186 extra instructions.  Has "protected" mode for
       multitasking operating systems (e.g., Xenix).  Can address
       16 Mbytes in protected mode.
80386: (also called 80386DX). 32/32.
80386SX: 32/16.  Fully software compatible with DX, but will run slower
       especially in 32-bit mode (e.g., running Unix).
80486:	Intel refers to this as i486, which is a trademark.  Sort of
	like a 80386DX and a 80387 math coprocessor on one chip.  Also
	has 8Kbyte cache memory and a few extra instructions.


-- 
Len Reed
Holos Software, Inc.
Voice: (404) 496-1358
UUCP: ...!gatech!holos0!lbr

ntaib@silver.ucs.indiana.edu (Nur Iskandar Taib) (04/09/91)

>Close, but no cigar.  The 8086/8088 (and 80186/80188/80286) are *all*
>16-bit CPUs.  The 8086/80186/80286 have 16-bit data busses, while the
>8088/80188 have 8-bit data busses.  Too bad Intel didn't follow their
>own convention and call the 386SX an 80388 :-)

Or the 8088 the 8086SX.. hehehehehe




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ntaib@silver.ucs.indiana.edu (Nur Iskandar Taib) (04/09/91)

>> I disagree.  Even though the DX has 16 more pins, most of the time they're
>> not being used.  This is due to the fact that most MSDOS programs are 16-bit
>> (with the exception of 386-specific programs).  So unless you actually make
>> use of all 32 pins, a 386SX is not a bad way to go.


So how do you exceed 16 MByte RAM if you're only using 
16 bit addresses?   8-)

I think the SX actually has over 100 pins 8-)



--
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kls30@duts.ccc.amdahl.com (Kent L Shephard) (04/11/91)

In article <1991Apr5.213536.12925@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> smsmith@hpuxa.acs.ohio-state.edu (Stephen M. Smith) writes:
>The difference in the two chips is that the DX can access anything
>EXTERNAL to the chip via a true 32-bit channel, whereas the SX
>accesses external things via a 16-bit channel.  This includes
>memory, peripherals, or whatever else.
>
>Also, most MSDOS programs are not 16-bit.  They are 8-bit.  How
>else do you think I've been running them on my XT??????

Because the 8088 is to a 8086 as a 80386sx is to a 80386dx.  The 8088 IS
16bit it just accesses memory 8bits at a time.

>
>Steve Smith


--
/*  -The opinions expressed are my own, not my employers.    */
/*      For I can only express my own opinions.              */
/*                                                           */
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jerry@polygen.uucp (Jerry Shekhel) (04/13/91)

kaleb@thyme.jpl.nasa.gov (Kaleb Keithley) writes:
>
>Close, but no cigar.  The 8086/8088 (and 80186/80188/80286) are *all*
>16-bit CPUs.  The 8086/80186/80286 have 16-bit data busses, while the
>8088/80188 have 8-bit data busses.  Too bad Intel didn't follow their
>own convention and call the 386SX an 80388 :-)
>

Actually, since the 386DX is a 32 bit processor, it should have been
named the 80382 (the 2 standing for 32), and the 386SX should have been
the 80386.  Now they're coming out with the 486SX, which is 32-bit, but
without on-board coprocessor.  That makes it all the more confusing, since
SX no longer implies a 16-bit data path, but rather a somewhat less powerful
version of the non-SX.  Maybe it just stands for "SuX" :-)

>
>-- 
>Kaleb Keithley                        kaleb@thyme.jpl.nasa.gov
>
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