[net.space] Attitude control wheels

fisher@dvinci.DEC (Burns Fisher, MRO3-1/E13, 231-4108) (04/09/84)

>	Something I've been wondering about for a long time is why the
>technology of Oberth wheels has not been much used for attitude/spin
>control in space.  The idea goes like this:
>	Inside your ship, you have a flywheel spun by a small motor.
>If you start with both ship and wheel not spinning, then you can spin the
>ship by turning the wheel the other way...

Gyroscopes are actually used in a similar manner in (some) current spacecraft.
I believe the difference is that the gyros are spun up ahead of time, either
on the ground or using attitude control engines to keep the craft stable while
they are spun up.  Then the gyros are used as a solid something to push against
to stabilize or turn the spacecraft.  I don't know what the advantage of using
this method is over pure attitude jets.  Just less fuel?  Finer control?  Note
that this method does not mean that no attitude engines are needed.  The gyros
can only absorb a certain amount of delta- (aaaaagh what is the symbol for
angular momentum? p?) before they saturate and have to be "unwound" using the
engines.

Note:  The above is only second-hand knowledge gleaned from Aviation Week
etc., mainly during the Skylab reactivation and stabilization effort.  If
anyone has corrections or more details, feel free.

Burns

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