fang@dukempd.phy.duke.edu (Fang Zhong) (03/02/90)
I have some 640x480x8bit gray scale images. I want to analyze them on PC with 640x480x256 color capability. Can someone tell me if there exists a look up table somewhere? Or even there has been an existing program? Thanks in advance. -- Fang Zhong 1-919-684-8247 Duke University Dept. of Physics fang@phy.duke.edu Durham, N.C. 27706
cjl@uncecs.edu (Charles J. Lord) (03/02/90)
It sounds possible, but the problem is that the color pallette on the VGA is 18 bits: 6 each R,G,&B. To do a true gray scale with a color monitor, you can only define a 64-shade scale. If you have a monochrome VGA monitor, there *is* a bios routine to sum the colors together to make a true gray scale of 256 levels (I've seen it done, but didn't see the code). What I've done on my machine is to load the 256 color registers with each of 0..63 repeated four times to make a semi-smooth 8-bit output. It works pretty well for dumping 8-bit B&W images to the monitor. If anyone needs code, let me know. -- * Charles Lord ..!decvax!mcnc!ecsvax!cjl Usenet (old) * * Cary, NC cjl@ecsvax.UUCP Usenet (new) * * #include <std.disclamers> cjl@ecsvax.BITNET Bitnet * * #include <cutsey.quote> cjl@ecsvax.uncecs.edu Internet *
jseidman@jarthur.Claremont.EDU (James Seidman) (03/02/90)
In article <858@dukempd.phy.duke.edu> fang@dukempd.phy.duke.edu (Fang Zhong) writes: > I have some 640x480x8bit gray scale images. I want to analyze them on >PC with 640x480x256 color capability. > Can someone tell me if there exists a look up table somewhere? Or even >there has been an existing program? > Thanks in advance. You don't say what kind of video card you have, but I'm going to assume that it's either a SuperVGA or an 8514/A. In either case you're out of luck, because both have palette selectors which only support 6 bit values for red, green and blue levels. Therefore you can only get 64 shades of gray. You could use "false color," i.e. make a variety of hues to represent the different gray scales. How well this works depends on what your pictures are. By a "look up" table do you mean a palette? You can make one of these really easily with a quickly hacked program. I won't post details because the format depends on what graphics card you are in fact using. -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jim Seidman, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711. (714) 621-8000 x2026 DISCLAIMER: I don't even know if these are opinions, let alone those of anyone other than me.
alien@cpoint.UUCP (Alien Wells) (03/03/90)
In article <1990Mar2.043848.501@uncecs.edu> cjl@uncecs.edu (Charles J. Lord) writes: >It sounds possible, but the problem is that the color pallette >on the VGA is 18 bits: 6 each R,G,&B. To do a true gray scale >with a color monitor, you can only define a 64-shade scale. If >you have a monochrome VGA monitor, there *is* a bios routine to >sum the colors together to make a true gray scale of 256 levels >(I've seen it done, but didn't see the code). It seems to me that a similar thing could be done for a color VGA system. start with all three colors 0. To fill suceeding registers, use the following algorithm, cycling until all registers are complete: - increment R by 1 - increment G by 1 - increment B by 1, decrement G by 1 - increment G by 1 Thus, you get colors like: - 00,00,00 01,00,00 01,01,00 01,00,01 01,01,01 02,01,01 The nice thing about using this is that the colors rendered would look like a gray scale (they all approximate the vector running through the center of color space). The total number of colors is 4 * 2**6 = 2**8 = 256, thus all registers are used. The only 'bug' is in the one discontinuity where G is being decremented, but 01,01,00 will at least be different than 01,00,01, and my suspicion is that the progression would look natural. -- --------| Then am I a happy fly, If I live or if I die. Alien | - William Blake --------| jjmhome!cpoint!alien bu-cs!mirror!frog!cpoint!alien
alien@cpoint.UUCP (Alien Wells) (03/03/90)
In article <1990Mar2.043848.501@uncecs.edu> cjl@uncecs.edu (Charles J. Lord) writes: >It sounds possible, but the problem is that the color pallette >on the VGA is 18 bits: 6 each R,G,&B. To do a true gray scale >with a color monitor, you can only define a 64-shade scale. It seems to me that a similar thing could be done for a color VGA system. start with all three colors 0. To fill suceeding registers, use the following algorithm, cycling until all registers are complete: - increment R by 1 - increment G by 1 - increment B by 1, decrement G by 1 - increment G by 1 Thus, you get colors like: - 00,00,00 01,00,00 01,01,00 01,00,01 01,01,01 02,01,01 The nice thing about using this is that the colors rendered would look like a gray scale (they all approximate the vector running through the center of color space). The total number of colors is 4 * 2**6 = 2**8 = 256, thus all registers are used. The only 'bug' is in the one discontinuity where G is being decremented, but 01,01,00 will at least be different than 01,00,01, and my suspicion is that the progression would look natural. -- --------| Then am I a happy fly, If I live or if I die. Alien | - William Blake --------| jjmhome!cpoint!alien bu-cs!mirror!frog!cpoint!alien
coy@ssc-vax.UUCP (Stephen B Coy) (03/06/90)
In article <1990Mar2.043848.501@uncecs.edu>, cjl@uncecs.edu (Charles J. Lord) writes: > What I've done on my machine is to load the 256 color registers > with each of 0..63 repeated four times to make a semi-smooth > 8-bit output. It works pretty well for dumping 8-bit B&W images > to the monitor. If anyone needs code, let me know. Another advantage to this method is that even though the video output is only 6-bits, the data stored in video memory is still 8-bits. This means that any manipulation/analysis of the data can be done without losing precision. > * Charles Lord ..!decvax!mcnc!ecsvax!cjl Usenet (old) * > * Cary, NC cjl@ecsvax.UUCP Usenet (new) * > * #include <std.disclamers> cjl@ecsvax.BITNET Bitnet * > * #include <cutsey.quote> cjl@ecsvax.uncecs.edu Internet * Stephen Coy uw-beaver!ssc-vax!coy
cjl@uncecs.edu (Charles J. Lord) (03/07/90)
In article <4158@cpoint.UUCP>, alien@cpoint.UUCP (Alien Wells) writes: > > It seems to me that a similar thing could be done for a color VGA system. > start with all three colors 0. To fill suceeding registers, use the following > algorithm, cycling until all registers are complete: > - increment R by 1 > - increment G by 1 > - increment B by 1, decrement G by 1 > - increment G by 1 > Thus, you get colors like: > - 00,00,00 01,00,00 01,01,00 01,00,01 01,01,01 02,01,01 > > The nice thing about using this is that the colors rendered would look like > a gray scale (they all approximate the vector running through the center of > color space). The total number of colors is 4 * 2**6 = 2**8 = 256, thus all > registers are used. The only 'bug' is in the one discontinuity where G is > being decremented, but 01,01,00 will at least be different than 01,00,01, > and my suspicion is that the progression would look natural. > I tried it, and it does. There is a slight rainbow effect if you draw a series of vertical lines from 0..255, but in an image it looks very good. A public *thanks*! -- * Charles Lord ..!decvax!mcnc!ecsvax!cjl Usenet (old) * * Cary, NC cjl@ecsvax.UUCP Usenet (new) * * #include <std.disclamers> cjl@ecsvax.BITNET Bitnet * * #include <cutsey.quote> cjl@ecsvax.uncecs.edu Internet *
kensy@microsoft.UUCP (Ken SYKES) (03/09/90)
Hello, PCs are only able to display 64 shades of a given component since the D/A converters are 6 bits. To display these images on your screen fill up the first 64 entries of your palette with <0,0,0>,<1,1,1>,...,<63,63,63> and then place the data in the frame buffer, multiplying each value by 63/255. This will linearly scale your grayscale values to the proper range. There are several books that explain how to program PC displays at B. Dalton et al. Hope this helps, Ken Sykes
ahg@mentor.cc.purdue.edu (Allen Braunsdorf) (03/14/90)
n Bit Color Approximation of 8 Bit Gray Shades
by A Braunsdorf
Many VGA users have been asking for 18 bit color values to store in
registers to give well-tempered gray shades. Enclosed are tables of
such colors.
Each file 'shades.n' is a table in five columns:
Y R G B Error
Where:
Y 8 bit intensity
R n bit red level
G n bit green level
B n bit blue level
Error Absolute difference between color's Y and desired Y
Y was calculated by:
Y = 0.299 R + 0.587 G + 0.114 B
with R, G, and B normalized to (0.0, 255.0).
VGA users will want to look at shades.6. The tar includes all the
tables in case anyone wants to see how different numbers of bits
stack up on average error, etc. The files are easily processed by
awk.
Feel free to mail any questions to me, but be aware that I do not
program (and know very little about) IBM PCs or VGA cards.
---
Allen Braunsdorf Purdue University Computing Center
cc.purdue.edu!ahg UNIX Systems Programmer
--cut-here----cut-here----cut-here----cut-here----cut-here----cut-here--
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