[net.space] British Shuttle/Soviet Shuttle

dpw@bonnie.UUCP (David P. Williams) (09/09/84)

  The Sept. 3, 1984 issue of Aviation Week and Space Technology has a
one-page article (p. 245)  on the British Aerospace Dynamics proposal for a
reusable unmanned launcher for medium-sized payloads (up to 16,000 lbs.).
The Hotol ship (horizontal takeoff and landing) is being designed to
become airborne using air-breathing engines and switch to liquid
hydrogen/liquid oxygen fueled rocket engines to reach orbital
velocity.  There was no mention of a sled to get the Hotol up to
speed for takeoff.  The beast depicted in the accompanying diagram
has canards, a shuttle-like wing, twin tails, and a sloping
fuselage.  The cargo compartment is located over the wing and main
landing gear (27 feet long, 14 feet in diameter) sandwiched between the
LH and LOX tanks.  The goals for Hotol are per pound costs that are
half those of the shuttle, no throwaway components, and an initial
service date of 2004. The Hotol concept looks a bit like the Air Force
mini-shuttle except that the Air Force wants to use a 747 to get their
ship in the air and launched.  Both are optimized for small payloads.
  The Aug. 27, 1984 issue of Av. Week has a two-page article on Soviet
space launch capabilities at their Tyuratam launch complex.  There are
diagrams of their new (unlaunched) Saturn V class booster, an intermediate
booster, and the two shuttle vehicles.  The big shuttle does look a lot like
the U.S. shuttle, complete with a covering of tiles, but the main rocket
engines are all located on the external tank and two strap-on boosters.
The big booster also uses strap-ons, and it will be able to loft about
300000 lbs. into low orbit.  Someone hands the people at Av. Week
the latest satellite photos, so they are reporting seeing the big
booster stacked on a launching pad, a big shuttle strapped on the back of
a Bison bomber for transport, and much construction work at Tyuratam of
support facilities.

David Williams
AT&T Bell Labs
Whippany, NJ
bonnie!dpw