[net.space] watch industry, and get moving on robotics applicable to space

REM%IMSSS@SU-AI.ARPA (Robert Elton Maas) (03/01/86)

?> You know, I've just had a thought. We don't need people on Earth.
?> Why don't we replace all of them with robots? (:-)

HS> Date: 21 Feb 86 20:46:11 GMT
HS> From: decvax!linus!utzoo!henry@ucbvax.berkeley.edu  (Henry Spencer)
HS> Organization: U of Toronto Zoology
HS> As one of the panelists (sorry, I've forgotten who) at Boskone this year
HS> observed:
HS> 	"When James van Allen starts using robots instead of graduate
HS> 	students in his own lab, then maybe I'll believe him!"

I see you're in Canada. I don't know what is happening up there, but
here in the US a lot of companies (mostly auto manufacturers and a few
other industries) are converting their "coolie" labor to robot arms,
and in Japan it seems they're trying to put robots everywhere! (I
apologize for my ignorance of robotics in Canada, except for the arm
built for STS, and for people originally from Canada who have done
fine research at Stanford and CMU.)

First, I'd suggest we watch the auto makers in USA and especially
watch Japan. When we see the appropriate kind of robotics being used
in Japanese industry, we'll know we're a couple years behind in
applying it to spcae, because it becomes cost-effective in space
before it does on Earth (because on Earth coolie labor is cheap but in
space there is often no substitute for robotics).

Second, I suggest the governent funding experimental robotics on Earth
for tasks that would be useful in space or on the Moon. In particular
I suggest funded robotics experiments for mining and crude processing
of mined materials. This will not only develop the technology, but
prove cost-effectiveness in space or on Moon. The argument is, if with
a little government funding it's cost-effective on Earth, then it is
already cost-effective purely on its own merits in space or on Moon
where human coolie labor is not competing with robotics.

Here's an off-the-wall numerical example to illustrate my point:
Suppose there's a task that gives you 1 million dollars gross revenue,
and you have to spend 100,000 dollars to pay your labor force, and
50,000 dollars for management and other overhead, net profit 850,000
dollars. Alternately you could invest 500,000 dollars to develop
robotics, which do the job for only 10,000 dollars of electricity and
maintenance. Net profit drops to 490,000 dollars. CLearly robotics
isn't cost effective compared to human labor, although in an absolute
sense it isn't actually in the red. -- Now go into space with your
process. Suppose it costs 200,000 dollars to launch your robotics, and
5 million dollars to launch an equivalent human labor force. Humans
are complete cost-ineffective, you end up in the red, whereas robotics
profit has dropped to 290,000 dollars, but now that 290,000 profit is
the best you can do, so it is truly cost-effective, no other company
using humans could wage a price war and knock you out, like they could
on Earth if you were using robotics. The problem is, even though
robotics is feasible in space, it's a risky venture and you can't
afford to get started. -- Enter government. The US loans you 500,000
development cost, to be repaid gradually after you start reaping net
profits from the process in space. Now on Earth it is cheaper (with
government funding) to go robotics than humans, so you do it, and when
you have the process developed the US loans you another 200,000 for
the launch, so you go ahead with that too, and within a couple years
from launch you start getting profits and start paying back your loan,
within a couple more years you've paid it back and shown a net profit
to boot.

The figures are just handwaves. I have no idea of the true figures for
lunar oxygen&titanium mining or any other task. This example is just a
way of thinking about the actual figures. If actual figures are
comparible (scaled up of course, more investment but more return),
then government start-up funding on Earth leading to space would seem good.