[comp.sys.mac.hardware] Can the SCSI bus be terminated w/o powering up noisy device?

fozzard@boulder.Colorado.EDU (Richard Fozzard) (02/16/90)

A question for you SCSI jocks out there:

I recently got a Syquest drive (Ehman) that I only need occasional access
to. Its fan is painfully loud, so I would like to leave it powered down
when not in use. However, I cant do this since my SE/30 with internal
Sony 40 meg wont boot if the SCSI cable is connected, but the external
drive is powered down. Presumably, the termination resistors in the
Ehman require power to work.

Is there any way to terminate the SCSI bus correctly w/o powering up
that damned noisy Ehman? It does have a 2nd SCSI (25-pin) connector on
the back, and it is the only external SCSI device.

If you really understand SCSI termination, a reply to the net would 
probably be widely appreciated, since to most of us SCSI termination
is black magic.

Thanks for any help - rich
========================================================================
Richard Fozzard					"Serendipity empowers"
Univ of Colorado/CIRES/NOAA	R/E/FS  325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303
fozzard@boulder.colorado.edu                   (303)497-6011 or 444-3168

dan@chaos.cs.brandeis.edu (Dan Schwarz) (02/16/90)

In article <17008@boulder.Colorado.EDU> fozzard@boulder.Colorado.EDU (Richard Fozzard) writes:
>A question for you SCSI jocks out there:
>Is there any way to terminate the SCSI bus correctly w/o powering up
>that damned noisy Ehman? It does have a 2nd SCSI (25-pin) connector on
>the back, and it is the only external SCSI device.
>

That's really odd - most of the SCSI devices I have worked with that are
internally terminated, did not require power when the computer was operating.

One possible solution is to remove the internal termination resistors, then
add an external SCSI pass-through terminator.  These are generally available
for the 50-pin centronics SCSI connectors, but I've never looked for one which
uses Mac-standard 25 pin SCSI.

Another solution might be to replace the noisy hard disk fan with a quieter
fan., or add some kind of thermostatic switch to control the fan (there is
such a device available to quiet noisy SE fans - it switches the fan on when
the temperature reaches a certain level.)


-- 
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chou@umn-cs.cs.umn.edu (Chih-Hsiang Chou) (02/17/90)

In article <17008@boulder.Colorado.EDU> fozzard@boulder.Colorado.EDU (Richard Fozzard) writes:
>A question for you SCSI jocks out there:
>
>I recently got a Syquest drive (Ehman) that I only need occasional access
>to. Its fan is painfully loud, so I would like to leave it powered down
>when not in use. However, I cant do this since my SE/30 with internal
>Sony 40 meg wont boot if the SCSI cable is connected, but the external
>drive is powered down. Presumably, the termination resistors in the
>Ehman require power to work.

	You're right. The terminating resistors, being connected to the
Ehman's power supply, ground the SCSI bus if not powered up.
>
>Is there any way to terminate the SCSI bus correctly w/o powering up
>that damned noisy Ehman? It does have a 2nd SCSI (25-pin) connector on
>the back, and it is the only external SCSI device.

	The fix is to disconnect the terminating resistors from the
Ehman's power supply and feed them power from the SCSI bus (pin 25).
I had done this successfully, with authorization from Ehman's technical
support, and have no problem so far (near a year). Whenever I need to use
my Syquest drive, I simply power-up the drive, insert the cartridge,
wait the motor to speed up, then use the SCSITools DA to scan the bus
and mount the cartridge volume. No reboot needed.
>
>If you really understand SCSI termination, a reply to the net would 
>probably be widely appreciated, since to most of us SCSI termination
>is black magic.
>
	I have enclosed a copy of the procedures of my modification below
for anyone who is interested in doing so. The modification is recoverable
so you won't void your warranty. However, there are three things to note:
(1) the drive I have is the early Ehman model in PC style box, but I
    doubt there is any significant change in the new model.
(2) be VERY carefully about the power from the SCSI bus. The first time
    I did, I forgot to disconnect the terminating resistors from the
    Ehman's power supply, and I blew away a 1A soldered fuse and one
    printed circuit wire on my Mac II motherboard. :-( The repair will
    cost serveral hundred $$$ for a motherboard replacement, but I fixed
    it by myself anyway (less than $1 for parts).
(3) do this at your own risk, no guarantee or responsibility is promised
    here.  However, if you have a success, I do like to hear from you.


--- Instructions for Terminating Resistors Change on Syquest Drive ------

1. Disconnect the power cord and SCSI cable from the Ehman case.

2. Unscrew the 6 screws on the bottom of the Ehman case and slide
   the cover out. Mine is the old model (PC shape), your packaging
   may be different.

3. Take a detail top-view look of the internal construction of the
   Ehman case with the opening of the Syquest drive facing to you.
   The Syquest drive is located at the lower right corner of the
   Ehman case. The power supply is at the left side of the case
   which has wires connected to the Syquest drive. There is also a
   ribbon cable which connects between the 25-pin SCSI port on the
   Ehman case and the 50-pin SCSI port on the Syquest drive. You
   may want to disconnect them temporarily to allow more working
   space.

4. The terminating resistors (two of them) are located at the back
   of the Syquest drive (left side, if you keep the top-view).
   Each of them is an array of resistors in a comb-like packaging.
   They are socketed in parallel. You should be able to remove the
   resistor one by one by gently shaking it while pulling it out.
   The +5V DC power is connected to the leftmost (again top-view)
   pin of each of the resistors. You may want to validate its
   existence by a voltmeter.

5. Now, if all is possible, find two new sockets which are identical to
   those on the drive. Insert the resistors into the new sockets with
   the leftmost pin open. I.e. first align the resistors with the new
   sockets, shift the sockets one pin to the right, then insert the
   resistors. See the diagram below:

		________________
		|______________|	Terminating Resistor
		|  |  |  |  |  |
   to pin 25 ___|
   of Ehman SCSI   ________________
   port on case	   |______________|	New Socket

		________________
		|______________|	Original Socket
   +5V from ____|
   Ehman power supply

   Next, insert the new sockets into the original sockets with
   the open leg on top of its original position. In the final view
   the new sockets are sandwiched between the terminating resistors
   and the original sockets. Be sure that the open legs do not
   touch the original sockets.

   Since I can't find the identical sockets, I home made one from
   another type of connector. I forgot the name. It's a long array
   of connector just looks like the terminating resistor.

   You may omit the new socket if you can bend the leftmost pin
   and don't have it touched with the original socket when you
   insert the resistor back. But for easy recovery to its original
   connection and shape, I chose to use the new sockets.

6. The +5V DC power from the SCSI bus is on the 25th pin of the
   Macintosh SCSI connector. Note that old models of Mac don't
   have this power line available. Since Ehman uses the same 25-
   pin connector, it's rather easy to find it. Simply connect a
   wire between the pin 25 of the SCSI port (a good place is on
   the small printed circuit board which connects the two 25-pin
   SCSI ports on the Ehman case) and the open legs of the terminating
   resistors. I wire-wrapped the connections instead of soldering
   it, for reason of easy recovery (in case I need warranty service).

   You may want to connect the wire first before insert the
   resistors back to the sockets.

7. Validate all the connections, then reconnect all the internal
   wires (if they were disconnected) and power cord. Don't connect
   the SCSI cable from the Mac to the Ehman case yet.

8. Turn on the Ehman's power supply (no cartridge inserted). Make
   sure there is no +5V coming up at the open legs.

9. Turn off the Ehman, connect the SCSI cable, then turn on the
   Mac. Make sure +5V is on the 25th pin and the open legs.
   Also make sure other SCSI devices such as the internal hard disk
   can boot up when the Ehman is off.

10. Turn on the Ehman, make sure everything is still OK. Now you can
    insert a cartridge and reboot the system (or use SCSITools
    to mount the cartridge). Make sure everything is doing fine.

11. If you have success at this point, congratulations. Otherwise,
    don't blame me.

12. Power off all machines. Disconnect all external cables if necessary.
    Put back the cover, screw it, reconnect all the cables, then
    your're done.


That's it. GOOD LUCK!!

P.S. I assume your Ehman drive is at one end of the SCSI chain, otherwise
the terminating resistors should be removed completely.

-- 
Chih-Hsiang Chou	chou@umn-cs.cs.umn.edu
Department of Computer Science
University of Minnesota

dplatt@coherent.com (Dave Platt) (02/17/90)

In article <17008@boulder.Colorado.EDU> fozzard@boulder.Colorado.EDU (Richard Fozzard) writes:


> I recently got a Syquest drive (Ehman) that I only need occasional access
> to. Its fan is painfully loud, so I would like to leave it powered down
> when not in use. However, I cant do this since my SE/30 with internal
> Sony 40 meg wont boot if the SCSI cable is connected, but the external
> drive is powered down. Presumably, the termination resistors in the
> Ehman require power to work.
> 
> Is there any way to terminate the SCSI bus correctly w/o powering up
> that damned noisy Ehman? It does have a 2nd SCSI (25-pin) connector on
> the back, and it is the only external SCSI device.

Yes, there is a way.  It's not all that difficult.

1) Purchase one external SCSI terminator ($20 or so)... these are small
   blocks (about 1" thick) with a 50-conductor male Centronics plug on
   one side and a 50-conductor female Centronics jack on the other side.
   Also purchase one standard "Mac to SCSI peripheral" cable... male
   DB-25 on one end, and 50-conductor male Centronics plug on the other
   ($25 or so).

2) Open up the Ehman case.  Find the internal termination resistors on the
   SyQuest controller board (probably 2 or 3 single-in-line or dual-in-line
   resistor packs plugged into the board near the 50-pin SCSI header).
   Remove the resistors with a small screwdriver;  save for future
   use.  Close the case.

3) Plug the DB-25 plug on the cable into the second 25-pin jack on the
   back of the Ehman case.  Plug the other end of the cable (male) into
   the female jack on one side of the external terminator.

4) Cover the unused (50-pin male plug) side of the external terminator with
   black electrical tape, so that you don't short out the bus.

Your SE/30 should now be able to boot correctly even if the Ehman is not
powered up.  The SE/30 provides terminator power (as do the SE and II
series, but not the Plus nor (I believe) the Portable).  Assuming that
the Ehman case carries the terminator-power through to its second
jack, the external terminator will receive power from the bus and will
work correctly.

There's an entirely different way to do this, which doesn't require
an external terminator or extra cable... but it requires rewiring
the Ehman case and/or the SyQuest interface so that the SyQuest's
internal terminators can accept power from the bus if the SyQuest is
powered down.  This is not for the faint of heart, and I don't really
recommend it... write for details if you absolutely need 'em.
-- 
Dave Platt                                             VOICE: (415) 493-8805
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dplatt@coherent.com (Dave Platt) (02/17/90)

In article <1990Feb15.204213.29062@chaos.cs.brandeis.edu> dan@chaos.cs.brandeis.edu (Dan Schwarz) writes:

> That's really odd - most of the SCSI devices I have worked with that are
> internally terminated, did not require power when the computer was operating.

Some drive-designers do a good job in this respect.  For example, the
Teac N50 streaming-tape drives have a very nice termination-drive circuit.
Their internal termination resistors normally accept power from the tape
drive, and also feed power out to the SCSI bus... but can also accept
termination power from the bus if the tape drive is powered down.

Other vendors are less generous.  I've seen a number of external drives
(e.g. the LaCie Cirrus) which would _neither_ provide power to the bus
when operating (so that external terminators could be used), _nor_
accept power from the bus for their internal terminators (so that the
terminators would work correctly if the device was powered off).
If you have a peripheral of this sort in your system, and use its internal
terminators, you MUST have it powered on at all times... otherwise it
clamps the bus, and nothing will work.  It's not always possible to
pull the device's internal terminators and use external ones, either...
these devices won't provide power to external terminators, and neither
(alas) does the Mac Plus.

The SCSI-1 specification forbids having powered-off devices attached to
the bus... so these "unfriendly" devices are not really in violation of
the spec, I think.  I'd much rather buy devices that have a robust
terminator-power circuit, however!
-- 
Dave Platt                                             VOICE: (415) 493-8805
  UUCP: ...!{ames,apple,uunet}!coherent!dplatt   DOMAIN: dplatt@coherent.com
  INTERNET:       coherent!dplatt@ames.arpa,  ...@uunet.uu.net 
  USNAIL: Coherent Thought Inc.  3350 West Bayshore #205  Palo Alto CA 94303

whit@milton.acs.washington.edu (John Whitmore) (02/20/90)

In article <47013@improper.coherent.com> dplatt@coherent.com (Dave Platt) writes:
>
>The SCSI-1 specification forbids having powered-off devices attached to
>the bus... so these "unfriendly" devices are not really in violation of
>the spec, I think.  I'd much rather buy devices that have a robust
>terminator-power circuit, however!
>-- 
	There is a strong likelihood that the SCSI receiver circuits are
diode-clamped to the power supply, so that a powered down SCSI device
can act as an improper termination.  Integrated circuits don't just have
switches that turn "off"; they use diodes and ONLY WHEN POWER IS APPLIED
AS DESIGNED do those diodes turn off.  So, a powered down disk drive
should be unplugged, regardless of whether it contains termination
resistors or not.  SCSI drive/receive chips will vary, and some varieties
may be inert when powered down.  Don't bet on it.

I am known for my brilliance,             John Whitmore
 by those who do not know me well.