[net.columbia] Latest Aviation Week on Challenger

gottlieb@alliant.UUCP (Bob Gottlieb) (02/11/86)

The latest Aviation Week and Space Technology (10/2/86) has a
particularly interesting number of articles on the shuttle.
One of them, "Ruptured Solid Rocket Motor Caused Challenger Accident",
describes what they believe/understand/speculate to have happened. I will
paraphrase it:

A plume of fire about 4x8 feet was detected (by camera) was detected
coming out of the joint between the attach joint of the two aft segments
of the right SRB. This continued to grow for 15 sec to a plume about 40
feet long. About 2 seconds before the explosion, the right SRB was
providing about 100,000 lb less thrust that the left SRB. The flight
control system was attempting to compensate for this by swiveling the
nozzles of the SRB and main engines (and was starting to work). The
leak of fire was acting like a blowtorch against the booster's lower
attach points with the main tank, and shortly before the explosion,
the lower joint apparently gave, either as a result of the heat, the
torque of the thrust of the leak, or both. When the joint gave, the
LOX line feeding the main engines was severed (causing the main engines
to quit). The right SRB then pivoted around the upper join point,
smashing into and rupturing the LH section, destroying Challenger.

The AW&ST issue also discussed the possibility of abort at that time.
Many NASA people were allegedly critical of NASA acting head William
Graham for suggesting "that a potentially viable crew survival abort mode
was available for solid rocket motor malfunctions like those that destroyed
challenger". It goes on to say that there was basically no way to abort
and survive what happened; if there was a problem during SRB burn, the
astronauts have had it.

An aside on the discussion about ejection seats, et al: I don't think
that ejection seats are a viable abort mechanism; however, the type
of system used on the F-111, where the entire crew compartment is
ejected, might be a viable way to get the crew the h*** out of there
if an emergency occurred. Granted, this is 20-20 hinesight, but it
might help with future shuttles. It is expensive to implement.

To continue with the AW&ST issue: There is a picture of the joint
similar to where the leak is believed to have occurred. "The joint
has two O-ring seals and is packed with an asbestos-filled zinc
chromate putty to prevent gas leakage." Another article does a
good job of describing the SRBs, although the title, "Solid Rocket
Motor Designed With Conservative Margins", reminds me of the
highly positive article on the DIVAD (also known as Sgt. York) air
defense gun, shortly before it bacame apparent how faulty the
weapon really was (bitch, bitch, bitch :-).

With regard to future launches, there is concern that the joint on the
SRB many have to be redesigned. This would take at least a year.

The issue also names the members of the Presidental Commission. They are:

o William Rogers	- Sec'y of State, Nixon Administration

o Neil Armstrong	- former astronaut

o David Acheson		- Former Sr VP & general counsel to Communications
			  Satellite Corp.

o Eugene Covert		- Prof Aeronautics @ MIT, consultant to NASA & USAF

o Richard Feynman	- Prof Theo. Physics @ CIT, Nobel Prize in Physics 1965

o Robert Hotz		- advisor to disarmament; former editor to AW&ST

o Maj. Gen. Donald Kutyna, USAF
			- director of Space Systems & CCC, former manager of DOD
			  shuttle program

o Sally Ride		- astronaut

o Robert Rummel		- former VP for TWA

o Joseph Sutter		- Exec VP for Boeing

o Arthur Walker, Jr	- Prof Appld Physics, Stanford U.

o Albert Wheelon	- Sr VP for Hughes

o Brig. Gen. "Chuck" Yeager, USAF, ret.
-- 

						-- Bob Gottlieb
UUCP: ...!linus!alliant!gottlieb
Mail: Alliant Computer Systems Corp, 42 Nagog Park, Acton, MA 01720
Phone: (617) 263-9110
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