moore@emily.uvm.edu (Bryan Moore) (05/25/91)
Here is an example of output from a 'ps' PID TTY TIME CMD 8571 pts/28 0:02 cu -s2400 -d 16498696585041 19592 pts/28 4:01 cu -s2400 -d 16498696585041 24426 pts/28 0:00 /bin/ksh 28128 pts/28 0:01 -sh 38877 pts/28 0:00 -ksh 39030 pts/28 0:00 ps What does the - sign mean in front of sh and ksh? Thanks! BRYAN R. MOORE | "Last night I had that same old dream EMAIL: moore@uvm-gen.uvm.edu | it rocked me in my sleep, it gave me USMAIL: 12 Waybury Rd. Colchester, | the impression the sandman plays for Vermont 05446 | keeps..." Larry Norman
mike@bria.UUCP (mike.stefanik) (05/26/91)
In an article, moore@emily.uvm.edu (Bryan Moore) writes: >What does the - sign mean in front of sh and ksh? This means that it is a login shell. Traditionally, the way that UNIX shells "know" that they are login shells (thus, they execute /etc/profile and ~/.profile, etc.) is they are invoked as such: execl("/bin/sh","-sh",NULL); The first argument to execl() is the name of the image to execute, the second argument is argv[0], and so on. When you get a process status, it'll show argv[0], which has the dash (which makes it easy to tell the difference between the login shell and subshells) -- Michael Stefanik, MGI Inc, Los Angeles | Opinions stated are never realistic Title of the week: Systems Engineer | UUCP: ...!uunet!bria!mike ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If MS-DOS didn't exist, who would UNIX programmers have to make fun of?
rel@mtu.edu (Robert E. Landsparger) (05/30/91)
In article <1991May24.200050.16644@uvm.edu>, moore@emily.uvm.edu (Bryan Moore) writes: |> |> Here is an example of output from a 'ps' |> |> |> PID TTY TIME CMD |> 8571 pts/28 0:02 cu -s2400 -d 16498696585041 |> 19592 pts/28 4:01 cu -s2400 -d 16498696585041 |> 24426 pts/28 0:00 /bin/ksh |> 28128 pts/28 0:01 -sh |> 38877 pts/28 0:00 -ksh |> 39030 pts/28 0:00 ps |> |> |> What does the - sign mean in front of sh and ksh? |> |> Thanks! In most cases that means that the "shell" was a login shell. And will be treated as such. There are more things done to initialize a shell when it is a login shell. Bob -- USER: Can I get a list of *all* the unix commands? CONSULTANT: man -k - | lpr - USER: huh? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Robert E. Landsparger (rel@mtu.edu) - Computing Technology Services | Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931 (906) 487-2110 +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ | The above comments do not always represent those of my employer. +