unitex@rubbs.fidonet.org (unitex) (10/11/89)
contact between our people in Panama and the rebels, and at that time they had made it clear to us they did not want to turn General Noriega over to the United States. Q: There was a story in the _T_i_m_e_s that the White House was confident enough about the handling of it that Mr. Sununu has ordered an investigation and apparently sources are being quoted as saying that it wasn't handled as effectively as it should be. Is there going to be an investigation? And would you dispute that characterization? A: I'm not in a position to be able to speak for Governor Sununu or the White House. You ought to direct this question over there. Q: What about your characterization of how well it was handled? A: I've been through a number of these over the years. During my time in the White House with President Ford we evacuated Danang, we evacuated Saigon and Phnom Penh, rescued the crew of the Mayaguez, evacuated Beirut, Lebanon on two separate occasions, where you've got these kinds of crisis type situations that involve potential threat to life and possible use of military forces. I would have to say compared with those other times when I've been involved, tha this was handled as well as it could be under the circumstances. That doesn't mean we couldn't learn from it. You always can when you go through one of these exercises and look at it afterwards. But we had a lot of information coming to us. A lot of it was conflicting information. People ask about the quality of intelligence. You have a confusing situation on the ground in Panama, and what comes through the pipeline to policy makers in Washington is confusion on the ground in Panama, and that's an accurate portrayal. But it doesn't help you make decisions very much because you get conflicting reports about, for example, do the rebels have Noriega, do they not have Noriega, and so there are a normal number of kinds of questions that come out of that. But in terms of the basic, overall operation itself with respect to how we responded, and I'd emphasize we are still learning things about what transpired; you don't have all knowledge at the moment that you sit down to make the decision in the midst of a crisis. Some things you learn four or five days after the event. We may get a defector from the PDF six months from now who will be able to go through blow by blow exactly what transpired in the compound where Noriega was apparently held. But given what you had to operate with at the time, I think we made sound decisions. Given what I've seen since, I'm still convinced that I would have made exactly the same recommendations and that we would have made exactly the same decisions we did. The issue, the bottom line issue, and you can get into the who struck Johns and who talked to who when and what moved to what location under what circumstances, but the bottom line question for the President, do you want to intervene with military force in a coup in Panama. The factors that affected that judgement included the lack confidence in the individual who was reportedly going to undertake the coup, the fact that he was identified as a Noriega crony, the fact that he controlled the security force at PDF headquarters, the fact that he'd been involved in putting down a previous coup, and the fact that on Sunday night we were told by the coup plotter himself that he did not plan to undertake the coup if Noriega were present. Those are all things that are out there that you've got to consider as this unfolds. Other items that affected our decision not to intervene included such things, as when the coup initiative began, was the coup successful? You hear lot of shooting from the compound, and then it dies down. Who won? Who's in charge in the compound? Another question was, is Noriega in the compound? Did the rebels succeed in the coup? Did they physically possess the building? And do they have Noriega? We didn't know at the outset. Eventually, as things unfolded, we gained increasing confidence that they did have Noriega, and that was confirmed, finally, when we had this contact between our officer and the people, but initially you don't know. We had reports that placed him in other locations in Panama that morning, and we had the word of the guy who was running the coup from Sunday night that the coup wouldn't go down if Noriega were present. There was a lot of confusion at the time because there was a lot of confusion in Panama. That's what's coming up through the system. The bottom line was the President made the decision, and I think very properly, that you do not commit American personnel into a combat situation unless you've got a very clear idea of what your objective is, unless you can give them a very clear-cut mission, and unless you've got a much better basis upon which to * Origin: UNITEX --> Toward a United Species (1:107/501) --- Patt Haring | United Nations | Did u read patth@sci.ccny.cuny.edu | Information | misc.headlines.unitex patth@ccnysci.BITNET | Transfer Exchange | today? -=- Every child smiles in the same language. -=-