[gnu.misc.discuss] Query: Status of Mach cleanout?

nate@hobbes.intel.com (Nate Hess) (08/22/89)

In article <1311000001@upba>, damon@upba writes:
[Someone who damon didn't mention writes:]

>> I hope this alpha testing finishes soon, and the freed MACH kernel can
>> be shipped to FSF and the world!

>I hope they finish soon also.  A freely distributable kernel is a much
>desired thing.  However, I am wondering about what restrictions FSF will
>place on it.  I can just see the ideologues puting a copyleft on it
>requiring any program run on the OS to be freely distributable.

I sincerely doubt that the FSF will do this; in fact, I don't think they
would be able to do it, just like they can't require that all files
edited with GNU Emacs be under the terms of the copyleft.

--woodstock
-- 
	   "What I like is when you're looking and thinking and looking
	   and thinking...and suddenly you wake up."   - Hobbes

woodstock@hobbes.intel.com   ...!{decwrl|hplabs!oliveb}!intelca!mipos3!nate 

pardo@uw-june.cs.washington.edu (David Keppel) (08/23/89)

In article <1311000001@upba> damon@upba.UUCP writes:
>[I hope that CMU finishes alpha test of the freely-distributable Mach
> kernel soon.  I am wondering about the restrictions FSF will place
> on such a kernel.  I can see a copyleft that requires any program
> run on this kernel to be freely distributable.  This is the problem
> with gcc.]

GNU will require that ``their'' version of the Mach kernel be freely
distributable.  They will not require all programs run on it to be
freely distributable, because the programs will not be derived from
the GNU Mach kernel.

The `problem' with gcc is often misunderstood.  A program compiled
with gcc is not considered to be a ``derived'' work, and therefore is
not subject to the copyleft.  A program that uses part of gcc (for
example is linked with the compiler) *is* derived from gcc and IF it
is distributed at all, it must be freely distributable.  A program
that is distributed *linked* with the GNU runtime libraries must be
freely distributable.  If the program is distributed unlinked, then
the user can linke with *any* standard libraries, and the program is
not derived.

Whew, I hope that was clear!

Followups to gnu.misc.discuss.

	;-D on  ( To the appropriate GNUs group )  Pardo
-- 
		    pardo@cs.washington.edu
    {rutgers,cornell,ucsd,ubc-cs,tektronix}!uw-beaver!june!pardo

baud@eedsp.gatech.edu (Kurt Baudendistel) (08/23/89)

In article <9056@uw-june.cs.washington.edu> pardo@june.cs.washington.edu (David Keppel) writes:

>...  A program that uses part of gcc (for
>example is linked with the compiler) *is* derived from gcc and IF it
>is distributed at all, it must be freely distributable.  A program
>that is distributed *linked* with the GNU runtime libraries must be
>freely distributable.  

Please define ``freely'' as used in this paragraph.


-- 
Kurt Baudendistel --- GRA
Georgia Tech, School of Electrical Engineering, Atlanta, GA  30332
internet: baud@eedsp.gatech.edu         uucp: gatech!gt-eedsp!baud

jbw@eyebeam.UUCP (Jeremy B. Wohlblatt) (08/23/89)

nate@hobbes.intel.com (Nate Hess) writes:
>In article <1311000001@upba>, damon@upba writes:
>>I hope they finish soon also.  A freely distributable kernel is a much
>>desired thing.  However, I am wondering about what restrictions FSF will
>>place on it.  I can just see the ideologues puting a copyleft on it
>>requiring any program run on the OS to be freely distributable.

>I sincerely doubt that the FSF will do this; in fact, I don't think they
>would be able to do it, just like they can't require that all files
>edited with GNU Emacs be under the terms of the copyleft.

i think f.s.f. legally could do this.  those who sell binaries often prevent
you from disassembling; there are many restrictions on use that the owner
could place on a product when distributing it, and even restricting use of
documents edited with gnuemacs would probably be legal.

it would, however, be manifestly stupid to do so.  very few people outside
outside f.s.f. and academia would use a product that has virtually no role
in a commercial environment.

					-- jeremy
these opinions might not be those of my employer.  they might not even be mine.
jeremy b. wohlblatt: samsung software america, inc.
	uucp: {decvax!{gsg,cg-atla},uunet,ulowell}!ginosko!jbw
	internet:	jbw@ginosko.samsung.com

pardo@uw-june.cs.washington.edu (David Keppel) (08/23/89)

>pardo@june.cs.washington.edu (David Keppel) writes:
>>...  A program that uses part of gcc (for
>>example is linked with the compiler) *is* derived from gcc and IF it
>>is distributed at all, it must be freely distributable.

baud@eedsp.UUCP (Kurt Baudendistel) writes:
>Please define ``freely'' as used in this paragraph.


In the FSF sense of `freely'.  That is, IF you distribute a `thingy'
that is or needs to be linked e.g., with gcc, then you must agree to
provide all recipients with sources for a `reasonable' copying fee.
You must also agree to let all recipients of the sources give away
those sources.

Case in point: NeXT created an Objective-C compiler that links with
GNU CC.  They were distributing .o files that the user linked with
`gcc' .o files.  FSF said ``under the copyleft, you must either not
distribute your Objective-C compiler, or you must agree to provide
sources for a nominal copying charege.''  NeXT will be giving their
Objective-C compiler to the FSF, to be incorporated in future releases
of `gcc', much like `g++'.

Note that LINKING something with `gcc' is different from compiling
something with `gcc'.  If you COMPILE something with `gcc', the result
is not considered a derived work.  You can do with it what you will.

(a) I hope this is clear.
(b) I represent neither the FSF or the lawyer's guild.

	;-D on  ( Or the liawyer's guild )  Pardo
-- 
		    pardo@cs.washington.edu
    {rutgers,cornell,ucsd,ubc-cs,tektronix}!uw-beaver!june!pardo

jeff@aiai.uucp (Jeff Dalton) (08/24/89)

In article <1311000001@upba>, damon@upba writes:
>I hope they finish soon also.  A freely distributable kernel is a much
>desired thing.  However, I am wondering about what restrictions FSF will
>place on it.  I can just see the ideologues puting a copyleft on it
>requiring any program run on the OS to be freely distributable.

Of course, they will copyright their changes.  But everyone will
still be able to take the original instead.

I don't want another GNU flame war, but I must point out that
the restrictions imposed by the GNU copyright are for many
purposes less severe than those imposed by companies who take
CMU code and make commercial products out of it.

drake@ibmarc.uucp (Sam Drake) (08/24/89)

At the Denver C++ conference someone (presumably the author) gave a 
presentation on the G++ class library.  He did a good job of getting
the audience all excited about the functions in the library, but then
burst the bubble by pointing out that since the library came under
the copy-left, any programs that used the library would also have to
come under the copy-left's provisions.  As I recall, the author
seemed dismayed at this implication of the license.  Is that still
the case?  In this case, there IS no other library that could be
linked in, and so shipping the application un-linked doesn't work.

just curious,

Sam Drake / IBM Almaden Research Center 

mellon@zayante.pa.dec.com (Ted Lemon) (08/26/89)

Michael DeCorte sez,
>The result is that I can BUY a version of TeX that will have support.
>I can not do that with Gnu Emacs.  Nobody can sell it and things tend
>to get done fairly slowly if ever.

Yes, you can.  The difference is that the company that's supporting
Emacs for you must give you the source code.  This means that if you
aren't satisfied with their support, you can fix it yourself.

The GNU Public license doesn't forbid you to sell GNU Emacs for
whatever price you want.  It just forbids you to distribute the binary
executable without also making the source available, and it forbids
you to restrict the way those to whom you distribute the software may
redistribute it.

Also, as I and others have pointed out, there's no reason why GNU
should be the sole distributor of Mach.   If you want to hoard your
changes, just use the CMU version of Mach.   And if nobody buys your
version of Mach because the GNU version is better, than the FSF's
point is proven.   If everybody flocks to buy your version, you can
consider yourself the winner.

I've redirected followups to gnu.misc.discuss.   I don't think there's
any reason to continue this discussion in comp.os.mach, since it seems
to be degenerating into a ``Copyleft isn't fair'' vs ``Copyleft is
god'' jihad.

			       _MelloN_

scs@itivax.iti.org (Steve Simmons) (08/26/89)

mellon@zayante.pa.dec.com (Ted Lemon) writes:


>Michael DeCorte sez,
>>The result is that I can BUY a version of TeX that will have support.
>>I can not do that with Gnu Emacs.  Nobody can sell it and things tend
>>to get done fairly slowly if ever.

>Yes, you can.  The difference is that the company that's supporting
>Emacs for you must give you the source code.  This means that if you
>aren't satisfied with their support, you can fix it yourself.

I think you're confusing 'can' (are permitted to) with 'can' (here's
where you get it).  Yes, there is no provision that forbids one from
selling a support GNU emacs per se.  I can (have a source for) TeX
with a support contract, preprinted manuals, and a precompiled pre-
configured easy-to-install (well...) binary.  Is there such a place
for GNU emacs?
-- 
Steve Simmons		          scs@vax3.iti.org
Industrial Technology Institute     Ann Arbor, MI.
"Velveeta -- the Spam of Cheeses!" -- Uncle Bonsai

mrd@sun.soe.clarkson.edu (Michael DeCorte) (08/26/89)

>it forbids you to restrict the way those to whom you distribute the
>software may redistribute it.

Which means that my changes have fallen under that FSF licencing
agreement and anybody can sell or give away my changes.

The end result I won't ever make anything other than trival changes to
anything owned by FSF because to make a non trival change I would have
to quit my job but because I won't be able to make any money off of my
changes I won't be able to pay my bills.

For your information: I have written software that is freely
distributable but I use the licencing agreement used by TeX and I will
NEVER let it fall under FSF's licencing.


--

Michael DeCorte // H215-546-0497 W386-8164 Fax386-8252 // mrd@clutx.bitnet
2300 Naudain St. "H", Phil, PA 19146 // mrd@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clarkson Archive Server // commands = help, index, send, path
archive-server@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
archive-server%sun.soe.clarkson.edu@omnigate.bitnet
dumb1!dumb2!dumb3!smart!sun.soe.clarkson.edu!archive-server
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

nate@hobbes.intel.com (Nate Hess) (08/28/89)

This has gotten a tad far-afield from taking about MACH, and so I've
redirected followups to gnu.misc.discuss

In article <MRD.89Aug25170616@sun.clarkson.edu>, mrd@sun (Michael DeCorte) writes:
[Talking about MACH.]

>I hope that Gnu doesn't get hold of it.  I have a problem with the Gnu
>licence basically it says that if I make changes to their program
>those changes become theirs.

This is simply not true.  You can take programs that the FSF has written
and distributes, hack them to your heart's content, and never tell
another soul that you've done so.  You certainly are under no obligation
to inform the FSF of any changes or additions you make to any of their
programs.

>If I spend a year and port Gnu emacs to
>the mac making a really cool port those changes are the preoperty of
>FSF and I can't sell this version of Emacs.  The result is that I
>won't ever so anything with anything of FSF.  I have written programs
>that are freely distributable but I will never give them to FSF for
>these very reasons.

You can sell a modified version of GNU Emacs at whatever price you want
to whomever you want.  You are simply required to also supply source
code to the version that you're selling.  And, you can't tell the people
you sell it to that they can't do whatever they want with it.

The FSF massively encourages the sharing of software.  You seem to
desire the same thing, and yet you find the FSF's policies distasteful.
I don't understand your position.

>I prefer the licencing of TeX much more.  It basically says that TeX
>belongs to Knuth but if you make changes to TeX those changes are
>yours and you can do with them as you please (including selling them).

>The result is that I can BUY a version of TeX that will have support.
>I can not do that with Gnu Emacs.  Nobody can sell it and things tend
>to get done fairly slowly if ever.

Once again, you are wrong.  There are companies that have added to
and/or changed GNU Emacs, and are now selling their version of it, along
with support.  In addition, I know there are many consultants who would
be willing to provide support for GNU programs.

I find your impression of "things tending to get done fairly slowly if
ever" rather puzzling; GNU Emacs is added to by thousands around the
world.  I've seen more new and useful changes for Emacs being posted to
the net every six months than I've seen out of nearly any commerical
product in years.  Necessity is indeed the mother of new Emacs code.

--woodstock
-- 
	   "What I like is when you're looking and thinking and looking
	   and thinking...and suddenly you wake up."   - Hobbes

woodstock@hobbes.intel.com   ...!{decwrl|hplabs!oliveb}!intelca!mipos3!nate 

steve@nuchat.UUCP (Steve Nuchia) (08/29/89)

In article <3072@itivax.iti.org> scs@itivax.iti.org (Steve Simmons) writes:
>selling a support GNU emacs per se.  I can (have a source for) TeX
>with a support contract, preprinted manuals, and a precompiled pre-
>configured easy-to-install (well...) binary.  Is there such a place
>for GNU emacs?

Well, yes, I'll sell a support contract for anything I can
get the source to freely.  I'm a bit mystified as to how
I should price these contracts though.  I'm leaning towards
a subscription covering everything, to keep the bookkeeping
down.  How much would you pay for support for GNU emacs?
For a suite of ~100 packages of various sizes?  Are you
authorized to spend the money, or are you talking through
your hat?

I've got the library, I've got the staff, I've been supporting
this stuff for my employers and consulting clients for years.
All I need now is a couple of serious sales so I can switch
the emphasis from consulting to support contracts.  Takers?

This isn't supposed to be an ad by the way; I really would
like to hear feedback on this from any and all, but particularly
from anybody in a position to actually buy such a service.
-- 
Steve Nuchia	      South Coast Computing Services
uunet!nuchat!steve    POB 890952  Houston, Texas  77289
(713) 964 2462	      Consultation & Systems, Support for PD Software.