[soc.religion.christian] Free will/Election

cash@uxc.cso.uiuc.edu (Peter Cash) (11/10/89)

[In a comment on a posting by Terry Coatta, I said
>[The best place to go for the Biblical background on election is
>certainly Romans.  Probably you should read at least Rom 9-11. 
...
>Remember that for those who believe in election,
>things happen on two levels at the same time.  It does not remove
>decision: people do still make choices.  It's just that God has
>arranged things so that they make the choices that he wants.  It does
>still make sense to call on people to decide: your calling may be part
>of the means God is counting on to carry out his election.
--clh]

...
I know you "don't want to go into all this again", so I hope that you will
forgive me if I do so anyway.  If God "arranges" decisions, then these are
very strange "decisions"; if that's how things are, then people don't make
"decisions" in the way that we ordinarily speak of the term.  On this view,
people are automata who go through the motions ordained by their creator
much as puppets go through theirs.

I wonder how you arrive at this view?  I suppose that you want to reconcile
the doctrine that God has chosen us from the beginning of time with our
freedom to choose or reject God.  However, this is a pyrrhic victory--you
remove the conflict by giving up the notion that people actually have the
freedom to make choices.

I don't think that such an extreme move is necessary; I think that there
need be no contradiction between the doctrines of election and of free
will.  It is a misunderstanding to suppose that divine election implies
that our decision is made for us by God.  

It's a bit like a coach selecting a particularly promising young athlete to
be on the team.  The coach has been watching the young man for some time.
When the time is right, he approaches the athlete and asks him to be on the
team.  The athlete is overjoyed, and immediately accepts.

Several things should be noted about the decisions of both the coach and
the athlete. First and foremost, the coach's selection wasn't arbitrary.
It was based on the coach's assessment of the kind of man he was dealing
with.  I'm not just talking about his abilities, but also about his
character.  He was the kind of man who would fit in on the team, who would
work together with the other players and complement their abilities--and he
was a young man who _wanted_ to excel, and who wanted to be on the team.
Sure, the athlete had the freedom to reject the coach.  But because he was
the kind of man the coach had assessed him to be, the thought never came
into the athlete's mind.

Now, the coach certainly didn't make the athlete's decision for him.  The
athlete could have refused; he just didn't _want_ to refuse.  This is a
case where free will and election are quite compatible.

Some might say that this example is just fine, but that it does not hold in
the case of God's election of men.  Why might one think this?  I suppose
one could say that God knows all things _before_ they happen.  He has,
after all, selected us from the beginning of Time, and not just the
football season.  But why should that make the slightest bit of difference?
Why should it affect the example if the "coach" is in fact omniscient?  The
player is still free to make his choice.  Of course, if God chooses you,
then the possibility of refusing doesn't enter your mind...He is never
wrong about his selections.  But this does _not_ imply that we have no
choice--only that God knows perfectly well what our choice will be.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
             |  The fleshe is bruckle, the Feynd is slee --  |
Peter Cash   |        timor mortis conturbat me!             |    cash@convex
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

[Again, I'm not going to try to convince you that these ideas are
true, but merely make it clear where they came from.  In fact it is
possible to read Romans rather differently, and there are existential
problems with these views that in their way can be just as serious as
the problems they are trying to solve.  But I do think that
predestination came from a serious attempt to follow out Paul's views,
particularly in Romans, and also that it is based on real religious
needs.

You seem to be saying that God elects those who he forsees are worthy
of election.  This idea is certainly not an uncommon one.  However it
would not have satisfied the Reformers.  It implies that God chose the
elect because he found some specific quality in them that he liked.
The Reformers' reading of Rom 9 is that election does not depend upon
any quality of the elect, but is strictly God's free choice.  Luther
had a clear existential motivation for these views: His own religious
experience had led him to believe that nothing about himself could be
relied on.  Only if salvation depends entirely upon God could he have
any confidence in it.

An argument similar to yours can also be used to explain the
Reformers' concept of election.  Think of sin as a disease of the
will.  It causes the will to be incapable of choosing good.  (Paul
describes this disease in Rom 7:15-24.)  God's grace heals the
disease.  It removes the bondage created by sin, and enables the will
to respond to God.  Once we have been renewed by grace, we will *want*
to live as God's children.  If our will is working properly, why would
we ever reject God's love?  Only the disease of sin would cause us to
do so.  Grace doesn't force us to respond to God.  It enables us to.

--clh]

davem@watmath.waterloo.edu (Dave Mielke) (11/15/89)

In article <Nov.10.02.12.13.1989.10953@athos.rutgers.edu> convex!cash@uxc.cso.uiuc.edu (Peter Cash) writes:
(actually our moderator commented)
>... If our will is working properly, why would
>we ever reject God's love?

Adam and Eve were created in an absolutely perfect state. Their wills
would have been functioning flawlessly. In this wonderful state, one
which none of us is even remotely close to, they exercised the free
will to reject God. Do you, or anyone else for that matter, really
believe that you can make better choices than they? I, for one, know
without a doubt that I, were I given the free will to either accept or
reject God, would choose to reject Him. I may have a healed soul but I
still have sinful flesh. Adam and Eve even had sinless flesh. I am less
perfect than they and must assume that I would choose to sin quicker
than they. The beauty of God's election program is that He, knowing
full well that none of us would want to implicitly trust Him with
everything, still chose a people for Himself, and that He paid such an
unimaginably enormous price to accomplish HIs goal without compromising
His integrity.
 
    Dave Mielke, 613-726-0014
    856 Grenon Avenue
    Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    K2B 6G3

[Perhaps I was not clear in what I said.  I do not mean to imply that
if people are left alone without God's grace, I think they are going
to accept God.  I believe, as you do, that grace is needed before we
can respond to God.  What I was trying to point out is that the result
of grace is to enable us to make decisions that are in accord with our
nature as God intended it.  I was concerned that people not interpret
election in a mechanical fashion, with God as a sort of master
manipulator who forces people into making choices that don't reflect
real decisions on their part.  Election should be seen as God freeing
us, not constraining us.  My reaction on Adam and Eve would have to be
that they obviously were not given this grace.  (Note that I am a
supralapsarian.)  --clh]