[soc.religion.christian] Defining characteristics

bralick@fimbrethil.entmoot.cs.psu.edu (Will Bralick) (03/19/90)

I was once told that there were three things which _had to_ 
be believed by a Christian.  I may not remember them correctly,
but here they are:

	1)  That Christ was both God and man.  (the incarnation,)
	2)  That Christ died for our sins.     (fulfillment of the covenant,)
	3)  That Christ rose from the dead.    (and the resurrection)

I was told that the conjunction of these three beliefs is the 
sine qua non of Christianity.  If this is so, then we can answer
the question of whether a given denomination is a Christian 
denomination by asking the question, "Does the ___ faith believe 
1), 2), and 3)?"

Opinions, please.  Is this a complete and/or correct list?  If not, 
what is the correct and complete list.  

Regards,

--
Will                             | If no set of moral ideas were truer or 
   bralick@psuvax1.cs.psu.edu    | better than any other, there would be no 
   bralick@gondor.cs.psu.edu     | sense in preferring civilised morality to 
with disclaimer; use disclaimer; | savage morality...    -- C.S. Lewis

[Again, we need to be clear whether Christian is being used
prescriptively or descriptively.  That list is probably too short for
a prescriptive definition and in one case a bit too specific for a
descriptive one.  Historically, the term Christians has generally
included Arians and monophysites, who formulate the relationship
between the Father and Son such that they might not agree with (1)
precisely as stated.  You'd certainly want to add something about
God as sole creator and ruler of the world.  (Someone who believed in
God as one among many gods would normally not be
considered Christian.)  You would probably also want to say something
about our relationship to God through Christ.

I've heard suggestions in the past that the Apostles' Creed is a good
definition of Christianity.  As far as I know, every group that one
would normally apply the term Christian to has beliefs consistent with
it, though you'd probably need to allow some reservations about
specific items, such as the Virgin Birth.  Christianity is quite a
broad tradition.  In addition to the classical heresies such as the
Arians, there are offshoots such as Christian Science and the Quakers
(many of whom are certain Christian, but I've heard Quakers themselves
who thought that their concepts had broken out of the specific
Christian tradition), and people who have come to deny doctrines that
most of us throught were essential.  Rather than arguing over whether
they are Christian, I think it's probably more useful to have a term
that refers to the doctrines held by the Catholics, Orthodox and the
main body of Protestants.  I've heard the term "Nicene Christian" used
for that.  That's probably about the best we can do, though in fact I
think we want to include the formula of Chalcedon as well as the
Nicene Creed.  I've used the term "orthodox Christian", and generally
people know what I mean, but of course this is biased, since
"orthodox" really means "right".  --clh]