[soc.religion.christian] On Christian Pacifism

kriz@skat.usc.edu (Dennis Kriz) (03/19/91)

Someone a while back asked how one would answer the question: Well what
would have happened if we didn't resist Hitler militarily during WW II
(in relation to the question of just war)?

I think that if there were a just war, that probably would be it.  But
I would like to add a few things to consider:

(1) The phenomenal ammount of people killed in that war (50 million).
The Nazis may have exterminated 10 million or so people, but millions
of people died in the actual combat, millions more due to hunger and
disease that come with conflict.  In addition, from Manchester to 
Stalingrad, *hundreds* of cities across Europe were destroyed in the
conflict.  Even the Nazis extermination campaign was done at a "war
footing"  Outside of the context of war, it would have been much
more difficult to explain even to the officers involved *why* somthing
like that was "necessary."  During the war, the Germans for the most
part were too busy rallying around the flag, first for "national honor"
then for "national survival" to busy themselves with moral questions
about what their leadership was doing.  Outside of the context of war,
the behavior of the Nazi army would have been far harder to explain.

(2) WW II was probably the last war that "we could get away with"
Ok, Hussein we could still clobber, but arguably what China did to Tibet,
or the USSR did in varying degrees to the Ukraine, the Baltics and to
Eastern Europe were similarly appalling ... 'cept to do *anything* military
about these crimes would have put the entire planet at risk.

(3) Enter 1989.  That year we found things happen that we did not think
would ever happen.  The Wall came down (E. Germany), and the former dissidents
became power-brokers (Walesa), legislators (Sakharov) and even Presidents
(Havel and later also Walesa).  Evil does not last.

What would have happened if we did not resist Hitler in WW II?  I think 
something very similar to what has happened and is continue to happen in
the Communist world.

Eventually, Naziism would have destroyed itself in its own evil, or
may have even progressively been "converted" (or even *converted* without
the quotes).

Consider that after Stalin died, his dreaded security chief Beria was
dead soon afterwards ... killed quite possibly by the members of the
Soviet politburo itself.

It is significant to me that despite all the attrocities that the Nazis
committed, Rev. Martin Niemoeller was not killed, and Rev. Dietrich Bon-
hoeffer, despite being flagrantly involved in the celebrated plot to
kill Hitler, was not executed until literarily the closing days of the
war (the generals involved were dealt with far more swiftly than Bonhoeffer).

Why was this?  Certainly one more attrocity would not have made a difference
to the Nazis' world standing.  They knew what was coming from the outside
anyway.  But rather, killing either of those two men would have probably
caused a great deal of trouble internally, with the German generals 
themselves.  Bonhoeffer organized much of the plot against Hitler FROM 
HIS JAIL CELL.  

(4) Finally, while Charles Colson gives a glowing account of Rev. Martin
Niemoeller in his book "Kingdoms in Conflict" (and I have a lot of respect
for Colson and his book) ... Colson ends his biography of Niemoeller with
the end of WW II.  He neglects to mention that Niemoeller emerged from his
jail cell at the end of the War an avowed pacifist.  Niemoeller was elected
one of the heads of the World Council of Churches, and later in 1967 he
even went on a peace mission to Hanoi (Encl. Brittanica under Niemoeller,
Martin).

If we celebrate Niemoeller as a hero for what he did during the Nazi era
(and he was a hero).  We have to also at least mention what he did following
the War.

Anyway... it is something to consider.

In the context of the recent Persian Gulf conflict, I think that one thing
that the Christian community in this country did do is to make "Dresden"
style carpet bombing of Iraq's cities an impossibility.  And through the
whole crisis, the *only* time that Bush was ever on the defensive was 
when he faced us ... the Christian community.

Two incidents come to mind:

(1) that Bush found himself having to speak to National Assoc. of Religious
Broadcasters (read the tele-evangelists) rather than for instance the
General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church or a meeting of the Catholic 
bishops.

(2) that the day after his speech asking for us to pray that God bless 
every American soldier entering combat (at the start of the ground offensive)
there was such play in the media the next day that at the church service that 
Pres. Bush attended the next day, Pres. Bush and the rest of the congregation
were praying for *all* those involved in the conflict (including presumably 
the Iraqis).

Perhaps the Persian Gulf War was necessary ... it did happen afterall.  But 
for the most part, I think that the churches in this country did their 
jobs also ... remind everyone that God doesn't distinguish between Iraqis and 
Americans.  We're *all* under God ... and that may have ended up saving a 
lot of (Iraqi) lives.

dennis
kriz@skat.usc.edu