[sci.military] Persian Gulf Combat Aircraft--Westland Lynx

military@cbnews.att.com (William B. Thacker) (02/06/91)

From: ihlpm!jfb (Joseph F Baugher +1 708 713 4548)
Number 37 in the series, the Royal Navy's version of the Lynx helicopter.


Westland Lynx HAS Mk 3

	Engine:
		Two Rolls-Royce Gem Mk 41-1 turboshafts, 1120 shp each, mounted
		side-by-side in top of upper fuselage decking.  The engines are 
		separated from each other and from the rest of the structure
		by firewalls.  The exhausts can be fitted with fairings which
		deflect the exhaust gases up into the rotor disk, using the
		prop downwash to dissipate and mask the infrared signature.

	Performance:
		Maximum speed: 144 mph at sea level.
		Maximum inclined climb rate: 2170 ft/min.
		Hovering ceiling out of ground effect: 8450 feet
		Maximum range: 370 miles (at maximum weight).

	Weights:
		Empty weight: 6040 pounds
		Maximum takeoff weight: 10,500 pounds
		
	Armament:
		Two weapons pylons protruding from the fuselage sides underneath
		the cabin doors.  
		Can carry four BAe Sea Skua antiship missiles on the outrigger
		pylons.  Alternatively, two Marconi Sting Ray homing torpedoes
		can be carried. 
		A general-purpose machine gun can be mounted in either one of
		the cabin doorways.

	Accommodations:
		Crew of 2 (pilot on right, navigator/radar operator on left)
		The cabin has provisions for a rescue winch and a door-mounted
		machine gun.  Up to nine people can be carried in the cabin.

	Electronics:
		Ferranti ARI 5979 Seaspray monopulse radar mounted in nose 
		radome.  Used for surface search, identification, navigation
		homing, and air-to-surface missile target illumination.

		Racal MIR-2 "Orange Crop" electronic surveillance measures 
		equipment, with sensosrs mounted on the nose, on the rear 
		fuselage sides, and on the rear landing gear sponsons.  This
		system provides information on the bearing of enemy radar
		and radio transmissions.

		Texas Instruments ASQ-81 magnetic anomaly detection equipment
		can be fitted.  The detector is mounted in a towed "bird"
		that is attached to the starboard main landing gear leg. 
		
		Racal central tactical system which processes all sensor
		inputs and presents mission information on a single multi-
		function screen.

		Decca TANS navigation system with associated Decca 71 Doppler
		and Sperry GM9 Gyrosyn compass.

		GEC Avionics duplex three-axis automatic stability equipment.
		
	Remarks:
		The naval Lynx is the wheeled variant of the Army Lynx.  It is
		specificially designed to serve aboard destroyers and frigates,
	        primarily engaging in antisubmarine and antishipping warfare.

		The Westland WG-13 Lynx originated in a 1960's British Army
		requirement for an antitank helicopter.  Two engines were
		deemed essential for battlefield survivability, in lieu of
		American experience in Vietnam.

		The Lynx is one of three helicopters covered by the 1967 Anglo-
		French agreement under which Aerospatiale has a 30 percent share
		of the production of parts for final assembly by Westlands
		plant.  In return, Westland has a stake in the manufacturing of
		Puma and Gazelle helicopters.

		Semi-rigid four-blade main rotor constructed of glass-reinforced
		plastics over a Nomex core.  Manual rotor folding is available 
		for stowage in confined areas.	

		A particle separator is provided for each engine intake.  The
		intakes can be electronically de-iced.

		Equipped with inflatable flotation equipment for emergency
		landings at sea.

		First naval Lynx flew in 1972.  First Royal Navy Lynx was
		deployed in 1978.  Now serves aboard Leander- and Amazon-class
		frigates as well as on County-class destroyers and on Sheffield-
		and Broadsword-class frigates.

		Lynx HAS Mk 2 was initial production version with 900 shp
		Gem Mk 2 turboshafts.  69 built.  9500 lb. maximum weight.
		Some of the Mk 2s were later upgraded to Mk 3 standards.

		Lynx HAS Mk 2(FN) was the French version of HAS Mk 2.  
		Had ORB-31-W radar, AS-12 missiles, French avionics, and
		Alcatel dunking sonar. 
	
		Lynx HAS Mk 3 is uprated version of HAS Mk 2.  1120 shp Gem
		41-1 turboshafts.  31 ordered.

		Lynx HAS Mk 4(FN) is the French version of the HAS Mk 3.
	
		Versions also produced for Brazil, Argentina, Netherlands,
		Denmark, Norway, Germany, and Nigeria.	

		The Sea Skua is an air-to-surface antiship missile which is 
		guided by semiactive radar homing.  It has a range of about
		ten miles, and is powered by a two-stage rocket engine.

		The Sting Ray is a homing torpedo which is dropped from its
		launching helicopter and descends to the surface under a
		parachute.  Once the torpedo enters the water, the Sting Ray
		undergoes a pre-programmed search pattern.  When the target
		is detected, the onboard computer and active/passive sonar
		direct the torpedo toward an intercept course.  The Sting Ray
		carries an 88 lb. shaped-charge high-explosive warhead.

		Naval Lynxes served on both sides in the Falklands/Malvinas
		war of 1982.  The British Lynxes served as "decoys" to deflect
		Argentine Exocet missiles away from their targets, as well
		as to harass small Argentine ships at night.  One of the two
		Argentine Lynxes crashed at sea during the war.  The other
		survived the war, but was later placed in storage due to a
		lack of spare parts.

Sources:
	Various issues of Aviation Week
	Various issues of Defense Electronics
	The Observer's Book of Aircraft, William Green.
	The World's Military Helicopters, Gallery Books.
	The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft Armament, Bill Gunston


Joe Baugher			******************************************
AT&T Bell Laboratories		*  "Patch me through to McGarrett."      *
200 Park Plaza			******************************************
Naperville, Illinois 60566-7050		
(708) 713 4548				
ihlpm!jfb			        
jfb200@cbnewsd.att.com
				  Who, me?  Speak for AT&T?  Surely you jest!