rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) (02/13/91)
Here is a shareware disk formatting program for the NeXT. It was written
specifically for the Fujitsu M226xS family of drives, but it should work
with just about any SCSI drive which conforms to the Common Command Set.
This program currently performs two functions:
1) Low level formatting of the drive with a block size of 1024 bytes. If the
drive is recognized as a Fujitsu M226xS drive, automatic flaw mapping is
enabled for both reads and writes. The 1024 byte sector length will give you
more usable space on your drive. As an example, my M2263S went from approx.
670Mbytes to approx. 700Mbytes. There may also be a SLIGHT performance
improvement.
2) Automated disktab entry generation. This is a best guess at a disktab entry
for your drive. The disktab documentation is not very clear about some things
so the disktab entries are more art than science. You can cut and paste this
entry into your disktab.
A third function of manual disk certification and flaw mapping is not yet
implemented. If there is sufficient response I will implement this, but most
drives do an adequate job of verifying the disk as a part of their format
anyway.
The shareware fee is $15.00 and entitles you to the source code if you provide
a 1.4 Mbyte floppy and a postage paid disk mailer. I have tested this code on
my Fujitsu M2263S, Maxtor 4380S, Emulex MD23 SCSI to ESDI bridge, and other
various drives by Quantum. Please read the information provided by the "Help"
button before using this utility.
Notes:
1) I am not convinced that the caching of the Fujitsu drives is optimized and I
will continue to research this. If changes to the caching parameters are
needed you will NOT have to reformat, and I will release a newer version.
2) I still have not received my 2.0 or 040 upgrades (Grumble grumble!) so I am
unable to test these environments.
3) This was my first attempt at the interface builder and objective-C, so please
excuse any rough edges! Also, I do not have FTP access, therefor I would
appreciate it if someone could upload this to archive sites. I hope I will not
get flamed for posting this to a non-binaries group.
Rory Bolt
rory@fps.com
----- CUT HERE -----
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----- CUT HERE -----news@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU (Remote news user) (02/13/91)
In article <15616@celit.fps.com> rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) writes: > Here is a shareware disk formatting program for the NeXT. It was written > specifically for the Fujitsu M226xS family of drives, but it should work > with just about any SCSI drive which conforms to the Common Command Set. > This program currently performs two functions: > This is probably the time to say it publically: DO NOT POST BINARIES on comp.sys.next, but rather give pointers as to where you can get the software. Posting binaries around the WORLD costs LOTS of $$$ 2.0 has a scsi disk formatter that is supported by NeXT, it works quite well. /etc/disktab entries are not really needed in 2.0 _for most applications_... Pascal Chesnais, Research Specialist, Electronic Publishing Group Media Laboratory, E15-351, 20 Ames Street, Cambridge, Ma, 02139 (617) 253-0311 email: lacsap@plethora.media.mit.edu (NeXT)
izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) (02/13/91)
In article <5214@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU> news@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU (Remote news user) writes: >In article <15616@celit.fps.com> rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) writes: >> Here is a shareware disk formatting program for the NeXT. It was written >> specifically for the Fujitsu M226xS family of drives, but it should work >2.0 has a scsi disk formatter that is supported by NeXT, it works >quite well. /etc/disktab entries are not really needed in >2.0 _for most applications_... 2.0's /usr/etc/sdform, I don't think, will allow you to change "bytes/sector" parameter of SCSI disks. Rory's formatter claims to be able to do this. Going from 512 bytes/sector to 1024 bytes/sector will give you additional 40MB or so of storage. For this function alone, his program is worth it. The doc says it does more. Automatic generation /etc/disktab entry is also a great feature. It is still needed under 2.0 if you want to partition a drive into multiple parts. Besides, paying $15 and sending in a floppy in SASE will give you sources to the program. Whatever support NeXT can give you on /usr/etc/sdform can't possibly match that. Man pages for sdform doesn't tell you anything. As soon as I try out his program on my M2263SA, I intend to register. I am very grateful that Rory Bolt took time to write that program. -- Izumi Ohzawa [ $@Bg_78^=;(J ] USMail: University of California, 360 Minor Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 Telephone: (415) 642-6440 Fax: (415) 642-3323 Internet: izumi@violet.berkeley.edu NeXTmail: izumi@pinoko.berkeley.edu
andrewd@cs.tamu.edu (Andrew Ted Duchowski) (02/13/91)
In article <1991Feb13.080850.2311@agate.berkeley.edu> izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) writes: > [...] >>> In article <5214@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU> rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) writes: >>> Here is a shareware disk formatting program for the NeXT. It was written >>> specifically for the Fujitsu M226xS family of drives, but it should work > >2.0's /usr/etc/sdform, I don't think, will allow you to >change "bytes/sector" parameter of SCSI disks. Rory's >formatter claims to be able to do this. Going from 512 bytes/sector >to 1024 bytes/sector will give you additional 40MB or so of >storage. For this function alone, his program is worth it. >The doc says it does more. > > [...rest deleted...] I tried the program, but was a little apprehensive about actually letting it format my 2263sa drive. In the technical manual from Fujitsu it says that the 2263sa revision in particular has a maximum configuration of 512 bytes/sector. Rory doesn't specify what revision his drive is. I'd advise a bit of warning before going against the manual's limits. I finally got my 2263sa configured into two partitions, 300 and 371 Mb. It seems to be working well. It fits nicely into the cube underneath the 105 Quantum and they seem to be co-existing nicely. Andrew andrewd@cs.tamu.edu -- -------------- Not an Official Texas A&M University Document --------------
izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) (02/13/91)
In article <12117@helios.TAMU.EDU> andrewd@cs.tamu.edu (Andrew Ted Duchowski) writes: >I tried the program, but was a little apprehensive about actually >letting it format my 2263sa drive. In the technical manual from >Fujitsu it says that the 2263sa revision in particular has a >maximum configuration of 512 bytes/sector. Rory doesn't specify >what revision his drive is. I'd advise a bit of warning before >going against the manual's limits. Tiny booklet I received with a new drive from Fast Access clearly says that you can do this. The revision of that drive is C4 (manufactured Dec. 1990 -- hot off the press!). I have another drive at school with revision level B6. The manual which I obtained from the dealer with the drive has the manual revision date of Aug. 1989. And this document also indicates that you can change Data Block Length from 180 to 4096 bytes (Fixed by even-numbered bytes specified at format). So, I assume most drives purchased recently would be safe (manufaturing date later than Aug. 1989 at least). What's the revision number/date of your drive and the manual? -- Izumi Ohzawa [ $@Bg_78^=;(J ] USMail: University of California, 360 Minor Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 Telephone: (415) 642-6440 Fax: (415) 642-3323 Internet: izumi@violet.berkeley.edu NeXTmail: izumi@pinoko.berkeley.edu
rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) (02/14/91)
Well, I had hoped I would not get flamed too badly for posting a binary and I was wrong to do it. Sorry. I need a volunteer with FTP access to upload a new version of my utility, but first a few responses to the many questions/comments I have recieved: 1) 2.0 has a formatter. Yes, but so far as I can tell it will not allow you to set block size, which was the major reason for my utility. Since I have STILL have not received my 2.0 upgrade, I can not verify this personally. If 2.0 does not need disktab entries, this is indeed good news. 2) It is my understanding that the NeXT filesystem has a minimum allocation length of 1024 bytes, regardless if your sector size is 512 bytes or 1024 bytes. Thus there should be no disadvantages to 1024 byte sectors. 3) Late feedback from my beta sites has lead me to a better algorithm for the automatic disktab generation. 4) I believe I have found the optimum cache parameters for the M226XS series drives. Using /usr/etc/disk I now obtain transfer rates between 799 and 845 Kbytes per second. 5) I forgot to add an important note to my help window. If your drive is bigger than 600 Mbytes, after performing a builddisk you must mount your newly built disk and edit it's /etc/fstab to remove the line referencing the /dev/sd0b partition. My disktab utility does not generate a "b" partition. Failure to do this before you boot off of the hard disk will cause you to come up in single user mode! So, in parting, I humbly beg forgiveness of the net.gods for posting a (in my personal opinion) short binary to comp.sys.next. I will not do it again. If someone with FTP access contacts me via email I will mail them version 1.1 to upload. Rory rory@fps.com
news@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU (Remote news user) (02/15/91)
In article <12117@helios.TAMU.EDU> andrewd@cs.tamu.edu (Andrew Ted Duchowski) writes: > In article <1991Feb13.080850.2311@agate.berkeley.edu> izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) writes: > > [...] > >>> In article <5214@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU> rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) writes: > >>> Here is a shareware disk formatting program for the NeXT. It was written > >>> specifically for the Fujitsu M226xS family of drives, but it should work > > > >2.0's /usr/etc/sdform, I don't think, will allow you to > >change "bytes/sector" parameter of SCSI disks. Rory's > >formatter claims to be able to do this. Going from 512 bytes/sector > >to 1024 bytes/sector will give you additional 40MB or so of > >storage. For this function alone, his program is worth it. > >The doc says it does more. Ugh, I hate posting ambiguous information. sdform will format a Maxtor disk at 1024bytes/sector. I do not know how sdform decides on this, if there is a way to change it, or if it adapts itself to the disk. If I get a real answer about that one I will post it here. Remember anyone's lowlevel formatter will DESTROY your data!!! It is uncommon to have to do a lowlevel format if it has already been done at the factory! Pascal Chesnais, Research Specialist, Electronic Publishing Group Media Laboratory, E15-351, 20 Ames Street, Cambridge, Ma, 02139 (617) 253-0311 email: lacsap@plethora.media.mit.edu (NeXT)
izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) (02/15/91)
In article <5221@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU> Pascal Chesnais, Research Specialist, Electronic Publishing Group news@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU (Remote news user) writes: >> In article <1991Feb13.080850.2311@agate.berkeley.edu> >izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) writes: >> >2.0's /usr/etc/sdform, I don't think, will allow you to >> >change "bytes/sector" parameter of SCSI disks. Rory's >> >formatter claims to be able to do this. Going from 512 bytes/sector >> >to 1024 bytes/sector will give you additional 40MB or so of >> >storage. For this function alone, his program is worth it. >> >The doc says it does more. > >Ugh, I hate posting ambiguous information. sdform will format >a Maxtor disk at 1024bytes/sector. I do not know how sdform >decides on this, if there is a way to change it, or if it >adapts itself to the disk. That is probably because your Maxtor disk was formatted at 1024 bytes/sector in the first place. /usr/etc/sdform simply doesn't change it. Running sdform on my Fujitsu M2263SA also kept the original formatting of 512 bytes/sector. As to the usefulness of low-level formatting, it once saved our Maxtor 8760S (from NeXT) which developed MEDIA ERRORs, and it's been running perfectly for nearly a year since the low-level format. Of course, you don't need to do it until you REALLY need it. We also have an XT8760S (Maxtor) and a M2263SA (Fujitsu) formatted at 512 bytes/sector, and I am really anxious to change it to 1024 bytes/sector. Doing this for both drives which are cross NFS mounted will give me additional 60-70MB at least. And I know a lot of people who got third party SCSI hard drives are in this situation. -- Izumi Ohzawa [ $@Bg_78^=;(J ] USMail: University of California, 360 Minor Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 Telephone: (415) 642-6440 Fax: (415) 642-3323 Internet: izumi@violet.berkeley.edu NeXTmail: izumi@pinoko.berkeley.edu
finger@evax.arl.utexas.edu (Jay Finger) (02/15/91)
In article <5221@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU> news@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU (Remote news user) writes: >Ugh, I hate posting ambiguous information. sdform will format >a Maxtor disk at 1024bytes/sector. I do not know how sdform >decides on this, if there is a way to change it, or if it >adapts itself to the disk. If I get a real answer about that >one I will post it here. Well, I've got a brand new Maxtor XT-8760S that cam with 512Bytes/Sector. "sdform" doesn't set it to 1024/Sector. Maybe sdform simply reformats the drive with whatever parameters the drive already has??? -- Jay Finger #include <stddisclaimer.h> finger@evax.uta.edu
alex@pluto.dss.com (Alex Smith) (02/15/91)
In article <15652@celit.fps.com>, rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) writes: > So, in parting, I humbly beg forgiveness of the net.gods for posting a (in my > personal opinion) short binary to comp.sys.next. I will not do it again. If > someone with FTP access contacts me via email I will mail them version 1.1 to > upload. > Rory > rory@fps.com In view of the static/noise (read: flames) on this newsgroup, I don't see what you have to apologize for (policy aside). Thanks for contributing a useful piece of software (to judge from the many queries on setting up drives). Alexander Smith Datability Inc.
ja2f+@andrew.cmu.edu (Jinmo Ahn) (02/16/91)
I always wondered why NeXTstation Quantum 105 has 512 byte sectors.
I heard somewhere that the NeXT recommends 1024 byte sectors. I also
have a third party Maxtor XT8760S with 512 byte sectors which on bootup
tells me its a 639 meg drive. Shouldn't it be 660?
I like to know how much of a capacity I will gain on each drive, and
if there are any dangers involved.
Jim.
Carnegie Mellon Univ.
ja2f+@andrew.cmu.edu
jim@stealth.andrew.cmu.edu (NeXT)murray@csli.Stanford.EDU (Peter Murray) (02/17/91)
In article <Ebj7uam00WBK4434pS@andrew.cmu.edu> ja2f+@andrew.cmu.edu (Jinmo Ahn) writes: > > I always wondered why NeXTstation Quantum 105 has 512 byte sectors. >I heard somewhere that the NeXT recommends 1024 byte sectors. I also >have a third party Maxtor XT8760S with 512 byte sectors which on bootup >tells me its a 639 meg drive. Shouldn't it be 660? > I like to know how much of a capacity I will gain on each drive, and >if there are any dangers involved. > I too am wondering. I have a Maxtor LXT340S. How much would I gain with 1024 byte sectors? Is there any reason why NOT to use this SCSI formatter to reformat my drive? Please e-mail answers. Thanks! -Pete (murray@csli) "War not make one great!" - Yoda
chin@sg1.chem.upenn.edu (Chin Wu) (02/17/91)
Hi,
Recently I got a Fujitusu M2263S and installed it to the 105 MB
NextStation. All thing run smoothly that I can build a file system on
it and I got plenty of space to install whole bunch of goodies. Then
just for some fun, I try to format it to see what will happen.
Anyhow, I changed my mind during the formatting and interrupted the
program by precessing ^C a couple of times. Well, everything went
wrong from that time. I couldn't read the hard disk, nor did format it
with sdform program which comes with Next OS.
I guess this is the time to send the drive back for repair. Out of
despair, I regretted to have done such a dangerous adventure. Then the
superman comes to rescue. I happened to have a program called SCSI
formatter from Rory bolt, which I just download. There is nothing I
will lose, its either format the hard disk or send it back. Anyway, the
program works and I got more space than before.
/etc/sdform and /etc/disk will do the format jobs IF all the
format information are there. They fail to format a corrupted hard
disk. However, SCSI formatter don't need these information and go
ahead to do the job. I thank Rory bolt for creating this program and
will send in the registration money as soon as I get the 4 cents stamp.
Just a person's experience during the NeXT adventure.
--
chin@sg1.chem.upenn.edubennett@mp.cs.niu.edu (Scott Bennett) (02/17/91)
In article <15652@celit.fps.com> rory@fps.com (Rory Bolt) writes: >Well, I had hoped I would not get flamed too badly for posting a binary and I >was wrong to do it. Sorry. I need a volunteer with FTP access to upload a new >version of my utility, but first a few responses to the many questions/comments >I have recieved: > >1) [text deleted --SJB] > >2) It is my understanding that the NeXT filesystem has a minimum allocation >length of 1024 bytes, regardless if your sector size is 512 bytes or 1024 bytes. >Thus there should be no disadvantages to 1024 byte sectors. If the file system is indeed the 4.3BSD FFS as advertised, then the minimum *block* allocation (the important number for performance) is 4096 bytes. The minimum fragment size, which is relatively unimportant w.r.t. performance, is 512 bytes. Several UNIXes that claim to use the FFS have a minimum fragment size of 1024 bytes. Fragments are suballocated from *whole* blocks and any given file will have at most less than one block's worth of fragments. The important consideration for performance, then, is how many sector reads/writes must be done to read/write a block. Space efficiency is, of course, a separate issue, but in a system that uses a fixed logical block size for a whole device (e.g. a UNIX disk partition) will usually benefit from using a larger physical block (sector) size because less space is wasted in interblock gaps. > >3) [more text deleted --SJB] > Rory > rory@fps.com Scott Bennett, Comm. ASMELG, CFIAG Systems Programming Northern Illinois University DeKalb, Illinois 60115 ********************************************************************** * Internet: bennett@cs.niu.edu * * BITNET: A01SJB1@NIU * *--------------------------------------------------------------------* * "WAR is the HEALTH of the STATE" --Albert Jay Nock (I think:-) * **********************************************************************
stan@toaster.SFSU.EDU (Stan Osborne) (02/17/91)
In article <12117@helios.TAMU.EDU> andrewd@cs.tamu.edu (Andrew Ted Duchowski) writes: >In article <1991Feb13.080850.2311@agate.berkeley.edu> izumi@fugitive.berkeley.edu (Izumi Ohzawa) writes: >> [...] >>>> In article <5214@media-lab.MEDIA.MIT.EDU> rory@fps.com (Thomas (Rory) Bolt) writes: >>>> Here is a shareware disk formatting program for the NeXT. It was written >>>> specifically for the Fujitsu M226xS family of drives, but it should work >> >>2.0's /usr/etc/sdform, I don't think, will allow you to >>change "bytes/sector" parameter of SCSI disks. Rory's >>formatter claims to be able to do this. Going from 512 bytes/sector >>to 1024 bytes/sector will give you additional 40MB or so of >>storage. For this function alone, his program is worth it. >>The doc says it does more. >> >> [...rest deleted...] > >I tried the program, but was a little apprehensive about actually >letting it format my 2263sa drive. In the technical manual from >Fujitsu it says that the 2263sa revision in particular has a >maximum configuration of 512 bytes/sector. Rory doesn't specify >what revision his drive is. I'd advise a bit of warning before >going against the manual's limits. If you are not sure about what to do, call one of Fujitsu's support numbers. 800/828-6112 619/481-4004 We recently got two Fujitsu M2266SA from a local PC component supplier to use building two NeXTs into servers. The Fujitsu documentation was back-ordered. Thus I used recent postings about jumper settings to set up the drives and to verify they worked. After I finished my first testing of the drives, the supplier of the disk drives provided the above numbers. I called to find out what the jumpers I had changed were doing. The person who answered was helpful. It turns out you can order these disks pre-formated at 1024 bytes per sector. The "SA" designation is for 512 bytes per sector. The "SB" designation is for 1024 bytes per sector. Also, I was assured that a 512 byte per sector drive could be converted to 1024 bytes per sector by reformating. The person I spoke with checked with Fujitsu testers and verified that they have not tested the M226xSx drives with NeXTs. After reading all the recent posts about Fujitsu drives you might have concerns about formating, configuring, etc. If in doubt about what you think you should do with your disk drives, call Fujitsu. Stan -- Stan Osborne, Computer Science Department, San Francisco State University Internet: stan@cs.sfsu.edu Usenet: cshub!stan Voice: (415) 338-2168