[uw.cs.grad] THEORY SEMINAR

wlrush@water.waterloo.edu (Wenchantress Wench Wendall) (05/19/89)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
SEMINAR ACTIVITIES

THEORY SEMINAR

                    -May 26, 1989

Dr.  Robert Cori, University of Bordeaux, will speak on
"Partially abelian square free words."

TIME:                 11:30 a.m.

ROOM:              DC 1304

ABSTRACT

     The   notions   of   square-freeness  and  abelian
square-freeness  of  words  are  well known examples of
avoidable  properties  of  words  on sufficiently large
alphabets.
     It  is  known  since  the beginning of the century
that   square-free   words   exist   on   alphabets  of
cardinality greater than 3, and answering to a question
of  Erdos, Pleasants has shown in 1968 the existence of
abelian square free words of arbitrary length in a five
letter  alphabet.   The  existence of such words on a 4
letter alphabet is still an open question.
     The   recent   interest  of  theoretical  computer
scientists   for  partially  commutative  free  monoids
suggests  the  introduction  of the notion of partially
abelian squares which generalizes these two notions.
     One  of  the  main  results  obtained concerns the
existence  concerns  the  existence  of  arbitrary long
partially  abelian  square  free  words  on  a 4 letter
alphabet,  when  4  among  the  6 possible commutations
hold.  Other  results, mainly on enumeration, are given
in  a  three  letter  alphabet. In such an alphabet the
number  of square free words of length n is known to be
greater  than  an  exponential of n , it turns out that
the number of partially abelian square free words (when
only  one  commutation holds) is bounded by a polynomia
in n of degree 2.

wlrush@water.waterloo.edu (Wenchantress Wench Wendall) (08/03/89)

Dartmouth University, will speak on 
``Randomized Algorithms and Randomized Reductions in Number Theory.''


DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
SEMINAR ACTIVITIES

THEORY SEMINAR

                    -Friday, August 11, 1989

Professor  Jeffrey  Shallit, Dept. of Computer Science,
Dartmouth   University,   will  speak  on  ``Randomized
Algorithms   and   Randomized   Reductions   in  Number
Theory.''

TIME:                 2:00 p.m.

ROOM:                 DC 1302

ABSTRACT

In  this  talk,  I'll survey the role of the randomized
algorithm  and  the  randomized  reduction  in  proving
results in number-theoretic complexity.

Rabin  and  Solovay & Strassen first showed the utility
of  randomized algorithms in proving numbers composite.
Many other problems in number theory, for which no fast
deterministic  algorithm  is  known,  turn  out  to  be
solvable   in  random  polynomial  time.  I'll  discuss
several new examples, including Pollard's algorithm for
quadratic  congruences,  and representations as sums of
squares (joint work of Michael Rabin and myself).

Gary  Miller  showed the value of randomized reductions
in  proving  that  certain  functions  from  elementary
number  theory are "hard".  (By a "hard" problem I mean
one  that  is  at least as hard as factoring. This is a
number-theoretic  analogue  of  NP-hardness.) I'll show
that  several classical problems, such as the Euler phi
function,  and  the sum of divisors function, fall into
this  class.  An amusing consequence is that there is a
BPP  algorithm  to  tell  if  a  number  is  perfect or
multiperfect.   This is joint work with Gary Miller and
Eric Bach.

Finally,   I'll   discuss  the  relationship  of  these
reductions  with  the  recent  elliptic curve factoring
algorithm of Hendrik Lenstra.