nl-kr-request@CS.RPI.EDU (NL-KR Moderator Chris Welty) (11/27/90)
NL-KR Digest (Mon Nov 26 10:00:20 1990) Volume 7 No. 26 Today's Topics: AI SEMINAR ANNOUNCEMENT Mapping Influence Diagrams (MIND) Request for information: NL Interfaces for DBMS and ES NL Generation Bibliography wanted Request for References: Grammar Checkers DARPA Case-Based Reasoning Workshop CILS Newsletter NN conference Submissions: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Requests, policy: nl-kr-request@cs.rpi.edu Back issues are available from host archive.cs.rpi.edu [128.213.5.17] in the files nl-kr/Vxx/Nyy (ie nl-kr/V01/N01 for V1#1), mail requests will not be promptly satisfied. If you can't reach `cs.rpi.edu' you may want to use `turing.cs.rpi.edu' instead. BITNET subscribers: we now have a LISTSERVer for nl-kr. You may send submissions to NL-KR@RPIECS and any listserv-style administrative requests to LISTSERV@RPIECS. ----------------------------------------------------------------- To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu >From: Marie Meteer <mmeteer@BBN.COM> Subject: AI SEMINAR ANNOUNCEMENT Date: Mon, 19 Nov 90 17:17:56 EST Mail-System-Version: <MacEMail_1.2.3@BBN.COM> BBN Science Development Program AI Seminar Series Lecture NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING WITH LEXICALIZED TREE-ADJOINING GRAMMARS YVES SCHABES Computer and Information Sciences Department Univeristy of Pennsylvania schabes@cis.upenn.edu BBN, 2nd floor large conference room 10 Moulton St, Cambridge MA, 02138 Thursday, November 29, 1990, 10:30 AM Most current linguistic theories give lexical accounts of several phenomena that used to be considered purely syntactic. As a consequence of the rise of amount of lexical information put in linguistic theories, the so-called head-driven processing, arose recently as attempts to incorporate the use of lexical information in computational applications as an explicit computational behavior. Instead of adding special mechanisms (such as the use of "head" feature structure) to our formalism, we explore the view that syntactical rules are not separated from lexical items. In our approach, each elementary structure is systematically associated with a lexical item. These structures specify extended domains of locality (as compared to Context-Free Grammars) over which constraints can be stated. The "grammar" consists of a lexicon where each lexical item is associated with a finite number of structures for which that item is the anchor. There are "rules" which tell us how these structures are composed. A grammar of this form will be said to be lexicalized. Context-free grammars are not in general in a lexicalized form. We show how the process of lexicalizing context-free grammars yields lexicalized tree-adjoining grammars which are naturally lexicalized. We illustrate the main structures found in a lexicalized TAG for English. As first shown by Kroch and Joshi (1985), the properties of TAGs permit us to encapsulate diverse syntactic phenomena in a very natural way. TAG's extended domain of locality and its factoring of recursion from local dependencies enable us to localize many syntactic dependencies (such as filler-gap) as well as semantic dependencies (such as predicate-arguments). After discussing lexicalization, we show how lexicalized grammars suggest a natural two-step parsing strategy. We review the main types of parsing algorithms for TAGs (DCG-style, CKY-style, Earley-style and LR-style) and summarize the effect of the two-step parsing strategy on these algorithms. Finally, we mention recent work in collaboration with Stuart Shieber on synchronous tree-adjoining grammars which, by characterizing correspondences between languages, enable us to use TAG beyond the confines of syntax, for example for the task of semantic interpretation, generation and machine translation. ******************************************************* Suggestions for AI Seminar speakers are always welcome. Please e-mail suggestions to Marie Meteer (mmeteer@bbn.com) or Dan Cerys (cerys@bbn.com). ******************************************************* ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Newsgroups: comp.ai,comp.ai.shells,comp.ai.edu,comp.ai.nlang-know-rep >From: schwartz@alpha.ces.cwru.edu (David G. Schwartz) Subject: Mapping Influence Diagrams (MIND) Originator: schwartz@ida.CES.CWRU.Edu Nntp-Posting-Host: ida.ces.cwru.edu Date: Mon, 19 Nov 90 21:29:42 GMT I am investigating the use of Influence Diagrams or Cognitive Maps as a knowledge engineer tool to model expert knowledge. I'm trying to find information about the MIND system discussed in: "A Computerized Interactive Technique for Mapping Influence Diagrams (MIND)" by Arkalgud Ramaprasad of Southern Illinois University at Carbondale and Eric Poon of the University of Wisconsin at Madison. Any pointers, including articles discussing this system, similar systems, the current work of these authors, etc. would be appreciated. Thanks, David - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- David Schwartz - Case Western Reserve University - schwartz@alpha.ces.cwru.edu - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- David Schwartz - Case Western Reserve University - schwartz@alpha.ces.cwru.edu - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Date: Wed, 21 Nov 90 12:10:37 EST >From: dennisp@AIC.NRL.Navy.Mil Subject: Request for information I have just begun researching over-the-counter and state-of-the-art natural language interfaces to database management and expert systems. I am interested in currently available products, as well as current research projects in this area. If anyone has any information steering me towards these products and/or projects, I would certainly appreciate it, and would gladly compile what I find out and resubmit to this board. Thank you. Dennis Perzanowski Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence Code 5512 Navy Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Ave., SW Washington, D.C. 20375-5000 (202)767-9005 Arpanet: dennisp@aic.nrl.navy.mil ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Date: Wed, 21 Nov 90 15:10:07 -0500 Newsgroups: comp.ai.nlang-know-rep >From: brinkema@fjc.GOV (John R. Brinkema) Subject: NL Generation Bibliography wanted Keywords: Natural Language, Generation, Bibliography Organization: Federal Judicial Center, Washington, D.C. I am starting some research into NL *generation* and am interested in 1) a list of the key papers in the area 2) and/or a bibliography of the area. My preliminary research (starting from "Readings in Natural Language Processing" - Tioga Pubs (?)) shows that there isn't an awful lot published; but I expect that you will show me wrong. tnx. jb. ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Date: Sat, 24 Nov 90 11:56:11 GMT >From: Jorg Forster <forster@computing-science.aberdeen.ac.uk> Subject: Request for References. We are looking for references describing `Grammar Checkers' which either on- or offline check the SYNTAX of English written text (parsing, statistical or by whatever means) Thanks in Advance Jorg Forster Department of Computing Science University of Aberdeen Aberdeen, AB9 2UB Scotland Email: JANET: forster@abdn.cs Internet: forster%cs.abdn@nsfnet.ac.uk EARN/BITNET: forster%cs.abdn.ac.uk@UKACRL UUCP: forster%cs.abdn.ac.uk@ukc.uucp ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Date: Wed, 21 Nov 90 17:08:40 CST >From: bareiss@zettel.ils.nwu.edu (Ray Bareiss) Subject: DARPA Case-Based Reasoning Workshop CALL FOR PAPERS 1991 DARPA Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning May 8-10, 1991 The Information Science and Technology Office of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is sponsoring a Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning for invited researchers and interested government employees on May 8-10, 1991 at the Radisson Plaza Hotel in Alexandria, Virginia. The purpose of the workshop is to assess the state of the art and provide a snapshot of ongoing research in Case-Based Reasoning. The workshop is intended to bring active researchers together to review the latest research results in this field, to keep the government research community abreast of current technology, and to discuss the future of the case-based paradigm for a new generation of knowledge-based systems. The 1989 workshop was centered around a set of issue-oriented panels that discussed fundamental problems of Case-Based Reasoning, including case representation, indexing, similarity assessment, and case adaptation. The goal of this year's workshop is to discuss the progress of researchers towards solving these problems in the context of Case-Based Reasoning systems. Consequently, the program committee will prefer papers that discuss implemented systems over those that discuss unimplemented ideas. Papers that are concrete and concise will be preferred over those that are philosophical and/or abstract. Since AI research is largely an experimental science, it is anticipated that these papers will describe experiments performed and the measures applied to evaluate the experimental results. Papers that discuss specific applications where integration and/or scalability issues were solved in novel ways and program demonstrations are also encouraged. Researchers interested in demonstrating programs should contact Ray Bareiss to arrange for the needed computer equipment. A second goal of the workshop will be to provide challenges for future research by encouraging interaction between researchers and potential beneficiaries of their research, such as industrial designers, instructional designers, and builders of large software systems. Researchers who would like to present at the workshop are asked to submit five copies of their papers to: CBR91 Workshop c/o Ray Bareiss Institute for the Learning Sciences Northwestern University 1890 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201 Submitted papers should be camera-ready, not exceeding twelve single-spaced pages including figures and bibliography. Formatting instructions will be sent via surface mail along with a hard copy of this announcement. It is the intention of the program committee to accept papers for publication as submitted, i.e., without revision. People who wish to attend without presenting should submit a brief statement of interest. The submission deadline is January 18, 1991; notification of acceptance will be made by February 28, 1991. As with other DARPA/ISTO sponsored workshops, a full proceedings of the workshop will be made available to those who attend. Workshop Program Committee: Ray Bareiss, Northwestern University (chair) Kris Hammond, University of Chicago Janet Kolodner, Georgia Institute of Technology Bill Mark, Lockheed AI Center Chris Riesbeck, Northwestern University Edwina Rissland, University of Massachusetts Katia Sycara, Carnegie Mellon University Note: We encourage distribution of this announcement to interested colleagues who are active in case-based reasoning research. Contact Romina Fincher by telephone (703)614-4001 or email fincher@darpa.mil if you would like copies of this announcement sent elsewhere. ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Subject: CILS Newsletter X-Mailer: MH 6.6 #5[UCI] Date: Mon, 19 Nov 90 17:39:14 -0600 >From: colleen%tira@gargoyle.uchicago.edu _________________ T H E C I L S C A L E N D A R ________________ The Center for Information and Language Studies Joseph Regenstein Library, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Subscription requests to: cils@tira.uchicago.edu ____________________________________________________________________ Vol. 1, No. 7 November 19, 1990 ~*~ Upcoming events: 11/19 16:00 JRL S-126 Workshop Jay Atlas, Pomona College 12/3 11:00 tba Lecture Brian Slator, Northwestern 12/7 14:00 Psy G110 Workshop Susan Goldin-Meadow and Howard C. Nusbaum, Psychology 12/7 15:00 Ry 276 Lecture Scott Deerwester, CILS - ------------------------------ MONDAY, NOVEMBER 19 4:00 p.m. Workshop JRL S-126 The Pragmatics of Language Jay Atlas, Dept. of Philosophy, Pomona College "Ambiguity and the Generality of Sense" For more information, please contact Jerrold Sadock, Dept. of Linguistics (2-8524) or Josef Stern, Dept. of Philosophy (2-8594). The next talk will be Monday, December 3. Stephen Neale, Dept. of Philosophy, Berkeley, will speak on "'And' and '&' and 'But.'" - ------------------------------- MONDAY, DECEMBER 3 11:00 Guest Lecture Brian Slator, Institute for Learning Sciences Northwestern University Location, title and abstract to be anounced. - ------------------------------- FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7 2:00 p.m. Workshop Psy G110 Speech Science Susan Goldin-Meadow and Howard C. Nusbaum Department of Psychology "Cognitive Issues and Concept Acquisition" For further information, please contact Howard Nusbaum, Department of Psychology, Beecher 408, 702-6468, hcn1@midway. ***** 3:00 p.m. Lecture Ry 276 Scott Deerwester, CILS The TIRA Textual Object Management System Text, as represented in a computer, is a flat sequence of bytes. It is useful, however, to think of text as being composed of higher level objects than bytes, and to be able to write computer programs that operate on these objects, as well as on collections of objects. The purpose of the Textual Object Management System (TOMS) is to implement an abstraction of text as a structure populated by such objects. In this talk I discuss the abstraction presented by the TOMS, from the point of view of both a client and a textual database designer. - ------------------------------- End of CILS Calendar ------------------------------ To: nl-kr@cs.rpi.edu Date: Tue, 20 Nov 90 18:11:35 -0500 >From: mike@park.bu.edu Subject: NN conference [ I include this only because there is a section on connectionist NLP down there in day 4. I am generally not posting any NN articles to this digest unless there is some reference to more "traditional" NL or KR in it. There are plenty of digests and groups out there for people who want more on connectionism. - CW ] BOSTON UNIVERSITY A World Leader In Neural Network Research and Technology Presents Two Major Events on the Cutting Edge NEURAL NETWORKS: FROM FOUNDATIONS TO APPLICATIONS, MAY 5-10, 1991 A self-contained systematic course by leading neural architects. NEURAL NETWORKS FOR VISION AND IMAGE PROCESSING, MAY 10-12, 1991 An international research conference presenting INVITED and CONTRIBUTED papers, herewith solicited, on one of the most active research topics in science and technology today. Special student registration rates are available. Sponsored by: Boston University's Wang Institute, Center for Adaptive Systems, and Graduate Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, with partial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NEURAL NETWORKS: FROM FOUNDATIONS TO APPLICATIONS MAY 5-10, 1991 This self-contained systematic five-day course is based on the graduate curriculum in the technology, computation, mathematics, and biology of neural networks developed at the Center for Adaptive Systems (CAS) and the graduate program in Cognitive and Neural Systems (CNS) of Boston University. The curriculum refines and updates the successful course held at the Wang Institute in May, 1990. The course will be taught by CAS/CNS faculty, as well as by distinguished guest lecturers at the beautiful and superbly equipped campus of the Wang Institute. An extraordinary range and depth of models, methods, and applications will be presented with ample opportunity for interaction with the lecturers and other participants at the daily discussion sections, meals, receptions, and breaks that are included with registration. At the 1990 Course, participants came from 20 countries and 35 states of the U.S. Boston University tutors are STEPHEN GROSSBERG, GAIL CARPENTER, ENNIO MINGOLLA, MICHAEL COHEN, DAN BULLOCK, AND JOHN MERRILL. Guest tutors are FEDERICO FAGGIN, ROBERT HECHT-NIELSEN, MICHAEL JORDAN, ANDY BARTO, AND ALEX WAIBEL. DAY 1 COURSE SCHEDULE (May 6, 1991) PROFESSOR GROSSBERG: Historical Overview, Cooperation and Competition, Content Addressable Memory, and Associative Learning. PROFESSORS CARPENTER, GROSSBERG, AND MINGOLLA: Associative Learning Continued, Neocognitron, Perceptrons, and Introduction to Back Propagation. PROFESSOR JORDAN: Recent Developments of Back Propagation. Evening Discussions with Tutors and Informal Presentations. DAY 2 COURSE SCHEDULE (May 7, 1991) PROFESSORS GROSSBERG AND MINGOLLA: Adaptive Pattern Recognition. PROFESSORS CARPENTER AND GROSSBERG: Introduction to Adaptive Resonance, Theory and Analysis of ART 1. PROFESSOR CARPENTER: Analysis of ART 2, ART 3, Predictive ART, and Self-Organization of Invariant Pattern Recognition codes. Evening Discussions with Tutors and Informal Presentations. DAY 3 COURSE SCHEDULE (May 8, 1991) PROFESSORS GROSSBERG AND MINGOLLA: Vision and Image Processing. PROFESSORS BULLOCK AND GROSSBERG: Adaptive Sensory-Motor Planning and Control. Evening Discussions with Tutors and Informal Presentations. DAY 4 COURSE SCHEDULE (May 9, 1991) PROFESSORS COHEN, GROSSBERG, AND WAIBEL: Speech Perception and Production. PROFESSORS BARTO, GROSSBERG, AND MERRILL: Reinforcement Learning and Prediction. DR. HECHT-NIELSEN: Recent Developments in the Neurocomputer Industry. Evening Discussions with Tutors and Informal Presentations. DAY 5 COURSE SCHEDULE (May 10, 1991) DR. FAGGIN: VLSI Implementation of Neural Networks. END OF COURSE (at 1:30 PM). ------------------------------ End of NL-KR Digest *******************