[net.micro] Resolution of Monitors and TV's

gjw@clyde.UUCP (Gregory J. Wroclawski) (02/13/85)

The recent discussion about monitors and TV sets had a couple of 
minor errors about resolution and bandwidth (BW) in the NTSC 
(National Television Standards Comittee) system. The luminace BW in NTSC is 
4.2 MHz and until the advent of comb filters was severely limited past 3.0MHz
in TV's due to the color burst trap needed at 3.58 MHz. This limited the
horizontal resolution to the equivalent of ~260-270 lines. I believe all
Monitor/Receiver TV's have comb filters these days to be able utilize the
full 4.2 MHz of transmitted luminace info. This gives the full 350 lines of
horizontal resolution advertised by many manufactures. Any more resolution is 
superfluous since the it would only be usable through the seperate composite
video inputs that many of the Monitor TV's have. The color 
information in composite video is carried by two color chrominace signals
called the I and Q vectors.
The I chrominace signal is VSB (vestigle sideband) modulated onto the 3.58 MHz
color carrier with 1.5 MHz of bandwidth and the Q chrominace signal is DSB 
modulated onto the 3.58 MHz color carrier with 500KHz of bandwith.
All TV's whether they are Monitor/TV's or regular TV's demodulated only
500 KHz of the transmited 1.5 MHz of the I chrominace signal. This is limited
by the chrominace processor so it is limited even if one uses the composite
video input. 
Since, I recently was in the market for a TV I found that the only TV that
fully demodulates the full I chrominance bandwidth was the new RCA Colortrack
2000 series with the CTC-131 chassis. This was due to the new color signal
processor chip designed by RCA and used exculsively in their TV's. You can
look it up in the Nov 84 issue of IEEE transactions on Consumer Electronics.
This TV also has RGB inputs with a claimed bandwidth of 6MHz. Although
not speced in the owners manual the composite video inputs according to a test
in the Jan 85 issue of Modern Electronics have a luminace bandwidth of 8 MHz.
VCR's due to technology limitations at the time they developed the 1/2" 
format limit the luminance bandwith to about 3.0 MHz. This was probably
done since all color TV's at the time limited the luminace BW to the same
point. This is quite apparent to me since I had bought the new Monitor/TV.
A show I am watching and taping at the same time is much clearer and sharper
when watching it in real time(i.e of the air) than when played back through
the VCR. This difference was not noticeable with my old color TV. 
I read that the Japanese are developing a VHS compatible VCR that would be
compatible with the existing VHS tapes but would provide 400 lines of
luminace bandwidth.