[sci.med.aids] HICN 304 News -- excerpts.

dmcanzi@watserv1.waterloo.edu (David Canzi) (02/08/90)

                 Medical News for Week Ending January 28, 1990
        Copyright 1990: USA TODAY/Gannett National Information Network
                          Reproduced with Permission

                                      ---
                                 Jan. 22, 1990
                                      ---

                        AIDS DRUG TESTS ARE PROMISING:

   Initial  tests of a new AIDS vaccine called HGP-30 that may protect against
the  virus'  strains  and  block  progress  in  those  already  infected   are
encouraging,  reports  a  George  Washington  University  Medical Center team.
Findings:  Several of the 24 non-infected males getting HGP-30 are  developing
antibodies  to an AIDS virus protein as well as specially primed immune system
T-cells.

                                      ---
                                 Jan. 23, 1990
                                      ---

                           FDA OK'S LOWER AZT DOSES:

   The  Food and Drug Administration has approved a label change for the anti-
AIDS drug AZT,  dropping doses to 600 milligrams a day,  or half the  previous
dosage.  The  change follows results of a recent National Institute of Allergy
and Infectious Diseases study that showed the lower dose to be as effective as
the old one, while it cuts down the likelihood of severe adverse reactions.

                                      ---
                               Jan. 26-28, 1990
                                      ---

                        COMPOUND INHIBITS AIDS ENZYME:

   Test-tube studies on a synthetic compound has shown to inhibit protease, an
enzyme essential for replication of the AIDS virus,  reports Friday's Science.
Scientists  at  Upjohn  and  SmithKline  Beecham  reported similar results;  a
marketable drug  is  years  away.  AZT,  the  only  approved  anti-AIDS  drug,
inhibits another enzyme called reverse transcriptase. (From the USA TODAY Life
section.)

                         TESTS START ON AIDS THERAPY:

   A new AIDS therapy that removes,  activates and returns virus-killing white
blood cells to the patient is being tested in  Pittsburgh.  Goal:  To  empower
patients'  cells  to  suppress  the replication of the human immune deficiency
virus,  and  to  fight  opportunistic  infections  like  pneumocystis  carinii
pneumonia.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                      Center for Disease Control Reports
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

                     Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
                          Thursday  January 18, 1990

     International Course in Surveillance and Applied Epidemiology for HIV
                                   and AIDS

    CDC,  the  Global Programme on AIDS of the World Health Organization,  the
Pan American Health Organization,  the Fogarty  International  Center  of  the
National  Institutes  of  Health,  and  the  U.S.   Agency  for  International
Development will cosponsor a course for public health and  medical  officials,
primarily from developing countries,  who are responsible for monitoring human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)  in
their countries.  The course will be held August 13-31,  1990, in Atlanta.  It
will include surveillance methods for HIV infection and  notification  systems
for  AIDS  reporting,  as well as basic epidemiologic skills for investigating
risk factors and unusual occurrences of HIV  infection  and  disease  and  for
monitoring  and evaluating surveillance and intervention programs.  The course
will be taught in English. Applications are due March 30, 1990.
    Course announcement and application forms are available from International
Activity, Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC,  Mailstop
G29, Atlanta, GA 30333;  telephone (404) 639-2060;  FAX (404) 639-2029;  TELEX
549571 CDCATL; Dialcom 132:PHF50202.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                                  Dental News
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

               Dental News from the American Dental Association

                               CPR rules updated

Because  of  concerns  about  infection  control,  new national guidelines say
laymen can skip the mouth-to-mouth phase of cardiopulmonary  resuscitation  to
avoid  possible  transmission of the AIDS virus from victim to rescuer or vice
versa.
    The guidelines,  issued by a committee of the American  Heart  Association
and  published in JAMA,  update previous CPR recommendations issued in l985 by
suggesting that  anyone  attemption  CPR  should  first  try  compressing  the
victim's chest before resorting to blowing air into the person's mouth.
    The  guidelines  emphasize that there are no known cases in which the AIDS
virus has been transmitted through CPR.  But they  note  that  "a  theoretical
risk" of transmission does exist.
    Such  a  risk  would be greatest if either the rescuer or the victim had a
cut in or around the lips or mouth,  or other injuries that  could  result  in
exchange  of  blood  during  mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                        Food & Drug Administration News
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

                               Lower Dose of AZT

   P89-5                                       Food and Drug Administration
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE                       Brad Stone - (301) 443-3285
     Jan. 16, 1990                               (Home) -- (703) 892-0468

    HHS Secretary Louis W.  Sullivan,  M.D., today announced that the Food and
Drug Administration has approved a change in the labeling  for  the  anti-AIDS
drug  zidovudine,  or AZT.  The new labeling recommends administering the drug
at  long-term  regimen  of  600  milligrams  a  day  --  half  the  previously
recommended  dose.  This long-term regimen may be intiated after a patient has
received one month of zidovudine therapy at a dose of 1200 mg a day.
    The lower dose reflects results from a dose comparison study sponsored  by
the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases indicating that this
dose  was  as  effective  as  higher  dose regimens in prolonging survival and
reducing the frequency of opportunistic infections,  and was  less  likely  to
produce  severe  adverse  reactions.  However,  the effectiveness of the lower
dose in improving  the  neurologic  dysfunction  associated  with  AIDS  virus
infection is unknown.
    Zidovudine  is  the only therapeutic agent approved by FDA for use against
the AIDS virus, although other agents are under study.
    Secretary Sullivan said,  "Today's announcement means that fewer  patients
may have to discontinue AZT therapy because of serious side effects."
    HHS Assistant Secretary for Health James O.  Mason,  M.D.,  Dr.P.H.,  also
noted that the lower dose for zidovudine would reduce treatment costs.  "Since
the new approved dose will require only half the amount of zidovudine used  at
the  previously  recommended  dose,  the  cost of zidovudine therapy should be
halved for many patients," Dr. Mason said.
    Although zidovudine is the only drug that has been shown to  be  effective
in  prolonging  the  lives  of  people  who have severe symptoms of AIDS virus
infection,  it can inhibit the production of red blood cells,  thereby causing
severe  anemia.  Zidovudine  can  also  reduce  white blood cell counts to the
extent that the drug's use has to be discontinued.
    The study sponsored by the National Institute of  Allergy  and  Infectious
Diseases  compared  two  groups of 262 patients -- one group taking 1500 mg of
zidovudine a day,  and the other group on 600 mg a day.  After more  than  two
years,  the  patients in the low-dose group tolerated their zidovudine regimen
better than patients in the high-dose group,  without  any  apparent  loss  of
efficacy.  Nearly  half  of  the  patients  in  the  high-dose  group  had  to
discontinue their treatment at that dosage due to serious  adverse  reactions,
compared to only a quarter of the patients in the low-dose group.
    Some  physicians  may  already  be  prescribing  reduced  dosages,   since
preliminary findings  from  this  study  were  announced  in  July  1989.  The
clinical  data  from  this  study became sufficently collected and analyzed in
Nov.  1989,  and were submitted to FDA in the form of a supplemental new  drug
approval  application  on  Dec.  18,  1989,  by  the drug's manufacturer,  the
Burroughs Wellcome Co. of Research Triangle Park, N.C.
    FDA's approval of a new recommended dose for zidovudine,  which applies to
both the capsule and syrup forms of the drug, does not prevent physicians from
prescribing the drug at higher or lower dose levels when warranted.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Volume  3, Number 4                                           January 28, 1990

              +------------------------------------------------+
              !                                                !
              !              Health Info-Com Network           !
              !                    Newsletter                  !
              +------------------------------------------------+
                         Editor: David Dodell, D.M.D.
                   St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center
    10250 North 92nd Street, Suite 210, Scottsdale, Arizona 85258-4599 USA
                          Telephone +1 (602) 860-1121
                  FAX +1 (602) 285-3670  [Attn: David Dodell]

   Copyright 1990 - Distribution on Commercial/Pay Systems Prohibited without
                              Prior Authorization

             International Distribution Coordinator: Robert Klotz
                            Nova Research Institute
            217 South Flood Street, Norman, Oklahoma 73069-5462 USA
                          Telephone +1 (405) 366-3898

The Health Info-Com Network Newsletter is distributed weekly.  Articles  on  a
medical  nature  are  welcomed.  If  you  have an article,  please contact the
editor for information on how to submit it.  If you are intrested  in  joining
the distribution system please contact the distribution coordinator.

E-Mail Address:
                                    Editor:
                              FidoNet = 1:114/15
                           Bitnet = ATW1H @ ASUACAD
                     Internet = ddodell@stjhmc.fidonet.org
                         LISTSERV = MEDNEWS @ ASUACAD
                         anonymous ftp = vm1.nodak.edu
       (Notification List/ftp = hicn-notify-request@stjhmc.fidonet.org)

                                 Distribution:

North America                               Australia/Far East    Europe
FidoNet = 1:19/9                            David More         George Cordner
Usenet  = krobt@mom.uucp                    FidoNet = 3:711/413   Fidonet
Internet = krobt%mom@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu                        2:23/105

-- 
David Canzi

aids@squid.cs.ucla.edu (Support Account for SCI.MED.AIDS) (02/08/90)

                 Medical News for Week Ending January 28, 1990
        Copyright 1990: USA TODAY/Gannett National Information Network
                          Reproduced with Permission

                                      ---
                                 Jan. 22, 1990
                                      ---

                        AIDS DRUG TESTS ARE PROMISING:

   Initial  tests of a new AIDS vaccine called HGP-30 that may protect against
the  virus'  strains  and  block  progress  in  those  already  infected   are
encouraging,  reports  a  George  Washington  University  Medical Center team.
Findings:  Several of the 24 non-infected males getting HGP-30 are  developing
antibodies  to an AIDS virus protein as well as specially primed immune system
T-cells.

                                      ---
                                 Jan. 23, 1990
                                      ---

                           FDA OK'S LOWER AZT DOSES:

   The  Food and Drug Administration has approved a label change for the anti-
AIDS drug AZT,  dropping doses to 600 milligrams a day,  or half the  previous
dosage.  The  change follows results of a recent National Institute of Allergy
and Infectious Diseases study that showed the lower dose to be as effective as
the old one, while it cuts down the likelihood of severe adverse reactions.

                                      ---
                               Jan. 26-28, 1990
                                      ---

                        COMPOUND INHIBITS AIDS ENZYME:

   Test-tube studies on a synthetic compound has shown to inhibit protease, an
enzyme essential for replication of the AIDS virus,  reports Friday's Science.
Scientists  at  Upjohn  and  SmithKline  Beecham  reported similar results;  a
marketable drug  is  years  away.  AZT,  the  only  approved  anti-AIDS  drug,
inhibits another enzyme called reverse transcriptase. (From the USA TODAY Life
section.)

                         TESTS START ON AIDS THERAPY:

   A new AIDS therapy that removes,  activates and returns virus-killing white
blood cells to the patient is being tested in  Pittsburgh.  Goal:  To  empower
patients'  cells  to  suppress  the replication of the human immune deficiency
virus,  and  to  fight  opportunistic  infections  like  pneumocystis  carinii
pneumonia.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                      Center for Disease Control Reports
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

                     Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
                          Thursday  January 18, 1990

     International Course in Surveillance and Applied Epidemiology for HIV
                                   and AIDS

    CDC,  the  Global Programme on AIDS of the World Health Organization,  the
Pan American Health Organization,  the Fogarty  International  Center  of  the
National  Institutes  of  Health,  and  the  U.S.   Agency  for  International
Development will cosponsor a course for public health and  medical  officials,
primarily from developing countries,  who are responsible for monitoring human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)  in
their countries.  The course will be held August 13-31,  1990, in Atlanta.  It
will include surveillance methods for HIV infection and  notification  systems
for  AIDS  reporting,  as well as basic epidemiologic skills for investigating
risk factors and unusual occurrences of HIV  infection  and  disease  and  for
monitoring  and evaluating surveillance and intervention programs.  The course
will be taught in English. Applications are due March 30, 1990.
    Course announcement and application forms are available from International
Activity, Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC,  Mailstop
G29, Atlanta, GA 30333;  telephone (404) 639-2060;  FAX (404) 639-2029;  TELEX
549571 CDCATL; Dialcom 132:PHF50202.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                                  Dental News
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

               Dental News from the American Dental Association

                               CPR rules updated

Because  of  concerns  about  infection  control,  new national guidelines say
laymen can skip the mouth-to-mouth phase of cardiopulmonary  resuscitation  to
avoid  possible  transmission of the AIDS virus from victim to rescuer or vice
versa.
    The guidelines,  issued by a committee of the American  Heart  Association
and  published in JAMA,  update previous CPR recommendations issued in l985 by
suggesting that  anyone  attemption  CPR  should  first  try  compressing  the
victim's chest before resorting to blowing air into the person's mouth.
    The  guidelines  emphasize that there are no known cases in which the AIDS
virus has been transmitted through CPR.  But they  note  that  "a  theoretical
risk" of transmission does exist.
    Such  a  risk  would be greatest if either the rescuer or the victim had a
cut in or around the lips or mouth,  or other injuries that  could  result  in
exchange  of  blood  during  mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                        Food & Drug Administration News
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

                               Lower Dose of AZT

   P89-5                                       Food and Drug Administration
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE                       Brad Stone - (301) 443-3285
     Jan. 16, 1990                               (Home) -- (703) 892-0468

    HHS Secretary Louis W.  Sullivan,  M.D., today announced that the Food and
Drug Administration has approved a change in the labeling  for  the  anti-AIDS
drug  zidovudine,  or AZT.  The new labeling recommends administering the drug
at  long-term  regimen  of  600  milligrams  a  day  --  half  the  previously
recommended  dose.  This long-term regimen may be intiated after a patient has
received one month of zidovudine therapy at a dose of 1200 mg a day.
    The lower dose reflects results from a dose comparison study sponsored  by
the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases indicating that this
dose  was  as  effective  as  higher  dose regimens in prolonging survival and
reducing the frequency of opportunistic infections,  and was  less  likely  to
produce  severe  adverse  reactions.  However,  the effectiveness of the lower
dose in improving  the  neurologic  dysfunction  associated  with  AIDS  virus
infection is unknown.
    Zidovudine  is  the only therapeutic agent approved by FDA for use against
the AIDS virus, although other agents are under study.
    Secretary Sullivan said,  "Today's announcement means that fewer  patients
may have to discontinue AZT therapy because of serious side effects."
    HHS Assistant Secretary for Health James O.  Mason,  M.D.,  Dr.P.H.,  also
noted that the lower dose for zidovudine would reduce treatment costs.  "Since
the new approved dose will require only half the amount of zidovudine used  at
the  previously  recommended  dose,  the  cost of zidovudine therapy should be
halved for many patients," Dr. Mason said.
    Although zidovudine is the only drug that has been shown to  be  effective
in  prolonging  the  lives  of  people  who have severe symptoms of AIDS virus
infection,  it can inhibit the production of red blood cells,  thereby causing
severe  anemia.  Zidovudine  can  also  reduce  white blood cell counts to the
extent that the drug's use has to be discontinued.
    The study sponsored by the National Institute of  Allergy  and  Infectious
Diseases  compared  two  groups of 262 patients -- one group taking 1500 mg of
zidovudine a day,  and the other group on 600 mg a day.  After more  than  two
years,  the  patients in the low-dose group tolerated their zidovudine regimen
better than patients in the high-dose group,  without  any  apparent  loss  of
efficacy.  Nearly  half  of  the  patients  in  the  high-dose  group  had  to
discontinue their treatment at that dosage due to serious  adverse  reactions,
compared to only a quarter of the patients in the low-dose group.
    Some  physicians  may  already  be  prescribing  reduced  dosages,   since
preliminary findings  from  this  study  were  announced  in  July  1989.  The
clinical  data  from  this  study became sufficently collected and analyzed in
Nov.  1989,  and were submitted to FDA in the form of a supplemental new  drug
approval  application  on  Dec.  18,  1989,  by  the drug's manufacturer,  the
Burroughs Wellcome Co. of Research Triangle Park, N.C.
    FDA's approval of a new recommended dose for zidovudine,  which applies to
both the capsule and syrup forms of the drug, does not prevent physicians from
prescribing the drug at higher or lower dose levels when warranted.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Volume  3, Number 4                                           January 28, 1990

              +------------------------------------------------+
              !                                                !
              !              Health Info-Com Network           !
              !                    Newsletter                  !
              +------------------------------------------------+
                         Editor: David Dodell, D.M.D.
                   St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center
    10250 North 92nd Street, Suite 210, Scottsdale, Arizona 85258-4599 USA
                          Telephone +1 (602) 860-1121
                  FAX +1 (602) 285-3670  [Attn: David Dodell]

   Copyright 1990 - Distribution on Commercial/Pay Systems Prohibited without
                              Prior Authorization

             International Distribution Coordinator: Robert Klotz
                            Nova Research Institute
            217 South Flood Street, Norman, Oklahoma 73069-5462 USA
                          Telephone +1 (405) 366-3898

The Health Info-Com Network Newsletter is distributed weekly.  Articles  on  a
medical  nature  are  welcomed.  If  you  have an article,  please contact the
editor for information on how to submit it.  If you are intrested  in  joining
the distribution system please contact the distribution coordinator.

E-Mail Address:
                                    Editor:
                              FidoNet = 1:114/15
                           Bitnet = ATW1H @ ASUACAD
                     Internet = ddodell@stjhmc.fidonet.org
                         LISTSERV = MEDNEWS @ ASUACAD
                         anonymous ftp = vm1.nodak.edu
       (Notification List/ftp = hicn-notify-request@stjhmc.fidonet.org)

                                 Distribution:

North America                               Australia/Far East    Europe
FidoNet = 1:19/9                            David More         George Cordner
Usenet  = krobt@mom.uucp                    FidoNet = 3:711/413   Fidonet
Internet = krobt%mom@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu                        2:23/105

--
David Canzi

<^>v Via SCI.MED.AIDS => AIDSNEWS gateway / aids@cs.ucla.edu