kling@ICS.UCI.EDU (Rob Kling) (07/19/90)
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SYLLABUS
COMPUTERIZATION IN SOCIETY -- ICS131
Fall 1989
Rob Kling
Department of Information and Computer Science
University of California, Irvine
(September 1989) (rev. 3/90)
The readings come from a new book, Computerization and Controversy:
Value Conflicts and Social Choices by Charles Dunlop and Rob Kling (ed.)
which will be published by Academic Press late in 1990. We are providing
the articles and about 150 pages of analytical introductions in packets
of photocopies which you can purchase at Kinko's.
I. Sept 27-29: INTRODUCTION TO THE SOCIAL STUDY OF COMPUTERIZATION -
Week #1
A. Sept. 27 -- Today we discuss the orientation of this course,
the work you will do, and the organization of activities.
1. Reading: "Usability vs. Computability: Social Perspectives
Held by Computer Specialists" by Rob Kling. Paper presented
at 1989 IFIP Conference.
B. Sept 29 -- Film: Now the Chips are Down.
II. Oct. 3-5: THE DREAMS OF TECHNOLOGICAL UTOPIANISM -- Week #2
Are we witnessing a "computer revolution" or living in an
"information society?" This week we examine some fundamental
images about the role of computers in social life.
A. Assignment: Oct 3 (written assignment #1 described)
B. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter B1
Introduction to THE DREAMS OF TECHNOLOGICAL UTOPIANISM --
Charles Dunlop and Rob Kling
Feigenbaum, Edward and Pamela McCorduck. Fifth Generation:
Artificial Intelligence and Japan's Computer Challenge to the
World. Excerpts: Prologue, Experts in Silicon, Section 7
(Speculations in Knowledge Futures), Epilogue.
Grudin, Jonathan. "Why CSCW Applications fail: problems in the
Design and Evaluation of Organizational Interfaces." 1988 CSCW
conference.
Kling, Rob and Suzanne Iacono "Making a Computer Revolution"
-- Journal of Computing and Society 1(1).
Poppel, Harvey L. "Office Automation -- Who Needs it?" Harvard
Business Review 60(6)(#82)(Nov-Dec 1982): 146-155.
Sculley, John -- "The Relationship Between Business and Higher
Education: A Perspective on the Twenty-first Century."
Communications of the ACM 32(9) (September 1989):1056-1061.
III. Oct 10-12: THE ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL
DIMENSIONS OF COMPUTERIZATION - Week #3
This week we will examine how computer technologies shape and are
shaped by organizations. Organizations, such as IBM, DEC,
Honeywell and Apple, are the primary vendors of computing
equipment and it is difficult to understand the behavior of the
computer industry without some insight into the internal dynamics
of organizational life. Organizations are still the primary
consumers of computer-based products, and it is also difficult to
understand computerization without some insight into the dynamics
of organizational life. We will examine principles of
organizational behavior, and then examine computerization in light
of them.
A. Assignments: Oct 10 (written assignment #1 due);
Oct 12 (written assignment #2 described)
B. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter B2
Introduction to "THE ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF
COMPUTERIZATION" -- Charles Dunlop and Rob Kling
Baily, Martin Neal. "Great Expectations: PCs and Productivity"
PC Computing 2(4) (April 1989): 137-141.
Feder, Barnaby J. "Getting the Electronics Just Right: Wells
Fargo is a Case Study in How a Company can Exploit the
Information Revolution." New York Times, Business Section,
Sunday, June 4, 1989: pp 1,8.
Miller, Michael J. "PCs and Productivity: Where's the Payoff?"
Infoworld 11(38) (Sept 18, 1989), pp59, 62.
Rule, James and Paul Attewell. "What Do Computers Do?" Social
Problems 36(3)(June 1989):225-241.
Salerno, Lynne. "Whatever Happened to the Computer Revolution?"
Harvard Business Review 63(6) (Nov./Dec. 1985):129-138.
Kling, Rob. "Social Analysis of Computing" (from Computing
Surveys 1980) (excerpt, Sections 1-2). ...
IV. Oct 17-19: COMPUTERIZATION IN WORK - Week #4
Computerization is a complex social and technical process for
making social activities depend upon computers. How does
computerization alter the character of office life and jobs in
offices?
A. Assignment: Oct 19: Assignment #2 due
B. Film: "Computers in Context" (Oct 17).? (or in week #9)
C. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter C1
Introduction to COMPUTERIZATION IN WORK -- Charles Dunlop and
Rob Kling
Attewell, Paul "Big Brother and the Sweatshop" Theoretical
Sociology.
Gasser, Les. "The Integration of Computing and Routine Work."
ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems. 4(3)(July
1986): 205-225.
Guiliano, Vincent "The Mechanization of Work" Scientific
American September 1982.
Kling, Rob and Suzanne Iacono ``Changing Office Technologies
and the Transformation of Clerical Jobs." in Technology and the
Transformation of White Collar Work Robert Kraut (ed.) Chapter
4.
Perrole, Judith "Intellectual Assembly Lines:The
Rationalization of Managerial, Professional and Technical Work"
Computers and the Social Sciences. 2(3):(July -Sept.
1986):111-122.
V. Oct 24-26: COMPUTERIZATION AND SCHOOLING -- Week #5
A. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter C2
Introduction to COMPUTERIZATION AND SCHOOLING -- Charles Dunlop
and Rob Kling
Garfinkel, Simson L. -- A Second Wind for Athena: The
Experiment Scheduled to Finish in 1988 in Some Ways Just
Beginning. The Best of Technology Review 1989 pp. 27-31
Kling, Rob -- Commentary: The New Wave of Computing in
Colleges and Universities: A Social Analysis. SIGCUE Outlook
1986 pp. 8-14
Schank, Roger. Selection from The Cognitive Computer.
"Computers at School" pp 200-212.
Tucker, Marc -- Computers in the Schools. Speech given by
Marc S. Tucker in January 1985 to the Association of American
Publishers at their Annual Meeting in Ryetown, New York. 1985
pp. 76-93
VI. Oct 31 - Nov 2: SOCIAL RELATIONS IN ELECTRONIC COMMUNITIES -- Week
#6
A. Midterm:
B. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter C3
Introduction to SOCIAL RELATIONS IN ELECTRONIC COMMUNITIES --
Charles Dunlop and Rob Kling
Peter J. Denning, "A New Paradigm for Science". American
Scientist, Vol. 75 (November-December, 1987), pp. 572-573.
James R. Beniger, "Information Society and Global Science".
The Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social
Science, Vol 495 (January, 1988), pp. 14-28.
Sara Kiesler, Jane Siegel, and Timothy W. McGuire, "Social
Psychological Aspects of Computer-Mediated Communication".
American Psychologist, Vol, 39, No. 10 (October, 1984), pp.
1123-1134. (not in packet #1)
Judith A. Perrolle, "Conversations and Trust in Computer
Interfaces". (not in packet #1)
Fred W. Weingarten and D. Linda Garcia, "Public Policy
Concerning the Exchange and Distribution of Scientific
Information". The Annals of The American Academy of Political
and Social Science, Vol 495 (January, 1988), pp. 61-72.
Lindsy Van Gelder, "The Strange Case of the Electronic Lover:
A Real-Life Story of Deception, Seduction, and Technology".
Ms., Vol. XIV, No. 4 (October, 1985), pp. 94, 99, 101-104, 117,
123, 124. [not in packet #1] replaced by: "The French are
Falling in Love with their Computers, and Through Them. Justine
du Lacy.
VII. Nov. 7-9: SOCIAL CONTROL AND PRIVACY -- Week #7
Does the use of computerized communication and information systems
often lead to "invasions of personal privacy"? What do
"matching," "profiling," and "fair information practices" mean in
the context of computerized technologies and privacy?
A. Assignment: Nov 7: Written assignment #3 described.
B. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter D1
Introduction to SOCIAL CONTROL AND PRIVACY -- Charles Dunlop
and Rob Kling
Roger C. Clarke, "Information Technology and Dataveillance",
CACM, Vol. 31, No. 5 (May, 1988), pp. 498-512.
Rob Kling, "Value Conflicts in Computing Developments"
Telecommunications Policy 1983.
Kenneth C. Laudon, "Comment on 'Preserving Individual Autonomy
in an Information-Oriented Society'". In Lance J. Hoffman et.
al. Computer Privacy in the Next Decade, New York: Academic
Press (1980), pp. 89-95.
Richard P. Kusserow, "The Government Needs Computer Matching to
Root Out Waste and Fraud", CACM, Vol. 27, No. 6 (June, 1984),
pp. 542-545.
Privacy Protection Study Commission, Personal Privacy in an
Information Society, U.S. Government Printing Office (1977),
pp. 3-37 [with footnotes deleted].
Evelyn Richards, "Proposed FBI Crime Computer System Raises
Questions on Accuracy, Privacy . . .", The Washington Post,
February 13, 1989. [Posted on RISKS-FORUM Digest, Vol. 8, No.
27 (February 16, 1989).]
RISKS contributions by Martin Minow from Volume 8, Issue 30
(February 24, 1989), and by Les Earnest, John McCarthy, and
Jerry Hollombe [3 separate contributions] from Volume 8, Issue
31 (February 27, 1989).
James B. Rule et. al, "Preserving Individual Autonomy in an
Information-Oriented Society". In Lance J. Hoffman et. al.
Computer Privacy in the Next Decade, New York: Academic Press
(1980), pp. 65-87.
John Shattuck, "Computer Matching is a Serious Threat to
Individual Rights", CACM, Vol. 27, No. 6 (June, 1984), pp.
538-541.
VIII. Nov 14-16: SECURITY AND RELIABILITY IN CRITICAL TASK PERFORMANCE
-- Week #8
A. Assignment: Nov 14: Written assignment #3 due.
B. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter D2
Introduction to SECURITY AND RELIABILITY IN CRITICAL TASK
PERFORMANCE -- Charles Dunlop and Rob Kling
Alan Borning, "Computer System Reliability and Nuclear War".
CACM, Vol 30, No. 2 (February, 1987), pp. 112-131.
Peter J. Denning, "Computer Viruses". American Scientist, Vol.
76 (May-June, 1988), pp. 236-238.
Jonathan Jacky, "Safety-Critical Computing: Hazards,
Practices, Standards and Regulation".
David Lorge Parnas, "Software Aspects of Strategic Defense
Systems". Originally published in American Scientist, Vol. 73,
No. 5, pp. 432-440. Reprinted in CACM, Vol. 28, No. 12
(December, 1985), pp. 1326-1335.
Brian Cantwell Smith, "The Limits of Correctness". Issued as
Report No. CSLI-85-35 by the Center for the Study of Language
and Information (Stanford University), and marked Copyright
1985 by Brian Cantwell Smith. Also printed in the ACM SIG
journal Computers and Society, combined Vol. 14, No. 4 and Vol.
15, Nos. 1, 2, 3 (Winter / Spring / Summer / Fall, 1985), pp.
18-26.
RISKS-FORUM DIGEST excerpts
Clifford Stoll, "Stalking the Wily Hacker". CACM, Vol. 31, No.
5 (May, 1988), pp. 484-497.
"Computers and War: If Knowledge is Power, Where is
Responsibility?" Jack Buesmanns and Karen Wieckert. CACM.
IX. Nov 21-23: SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF DESIGN -- Week #9.
A. Assignment: Nov 21: Written assignment #4 described.
B. Film: "Computers in Context" (or Oct 17?). (distributed by
California Newsreel)
C. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter E1
Readings to be selected for packet #2.
X. Dec 5-7: ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES AND PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES --
Week #10.
A. Assignment: Dec 5: Written assignment #4 due.
B. Readings: Computerization and Controversy -- Chapter E2
Introduction to ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES AND PROFESSIONAL
RESPONSIBILITIES -- Charles Dunlop and Rob Kling
"ACM Code of Professional Conduct". Reprinted in Deborah G.
Johnson and John W. Snapper (eds.), Ethical Issues in the Use
of Computers. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing
Company (1985), pp. 31-34.
Carl Barus, "Military Influence on the Electrical Engineering
Curriculum Since World War II". IEEE Technology and Society
Magazine, Vol. 6, No. 2 (June, 1987), pp. 3-9.
Rob Kling, "Computer Abuse and Computer Crime as Organizational
Activities". Computer / Law Journal, Vol. II, No. 2 (Spring,
1980), pp. ??-??. Reprinted in Computers and Society, 12
(1982), pp. 12-24.
Terry Winograd, "Some Thoughts on Military Funding". The CPSR
Newsletter, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Spring, 1984), pp. 1-3.
Joseph Weizenbaum, Computer Power and Human Reason, Chapter 10.
San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company (1976), pp. 258-280 +
Notes to Chapter 10, pp. 286-287.
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