[comp.society] Copwrite Law and Computer Programming - Questions

golin@margaux.inria.fr (Mordecai Golin) (05/22/91)

I am posting this for a friend of mine who is a lawyer doing research
into copywrite law and computers. He's looking for real life examples of
cases where programmers have had to write their code around,
or totally rewrite their code, because of copywrite considerations.

I don't normally read theses groups so please email your responses to me.
If there is enough interest I`ll post a summary.

Thanks
Mordecai Golin
golin@margaux.inria.fr

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I am a lawyer writing an article on copywrite protection of computer 
programs.  I would be interested in problems anybody has had with
copywrite laws while writing software.  

My article argues that, in many instances, the range of programming
choices available to a programmer are limited and that,
where there are few ways of carrying out a particular operation,
programmers should be free, under relevant law, to use existing
programming solutions to achieve such operations.

I would be interested in hearing about (1) real life problems you
have faced in deciding whether you may use existing code in the
design of new products or (2) hypothetical examples that come to mind.


At least five sets of constraints limit the range of programming
expression, including:

(1) Requirements of the end user:  e.g., using a Lotus-type
screen display for a spreadsheet program is an industry standard which
probably all programs must incorporate to be competitive.

(2) Requirements of the target hardware: e.g., establishing
compatibility with the hardware upon which a program will operate.

(3) Complying with the hardware standards:  e.g., may programmers
copy suggested programming solutions from manuals published by a 
hardware manufacturer?

(4)  Requirements of the target software: e.g., designing a program to
function in a particular software environment.

(5) Conventions of computer programming:  e.g., a programming language
may have limitations of its own which reduce the number of ways a particular 
function can be executed efficiently in that language.

I would appreciate learning of addtional examples of these limitations
on programming expression as well as examples of any other limitations
you may have encountered or anticipate encountering.

Finally, I am particularly interested in learning about difficulties
associated with designing expert systems with programming languages such
as C, LISP and PROLOG.  That is, I would like to know how the constraints
described above affect the ability of programmers to develop 
competitive expert system shells, inference engines, and knowledge
bases.

Thank you very much for your assistance.

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