LEWIS@cs.umass.EDU (03/24/88)
Since there were a large number of people who asked to see the responses to
my query on software engineering and AI, a list of them follows. I have
tried to edit out extraneous material and long discussions and abstracts.
Many thanks to all who replied!
I now have a new request. Does anyone out there have a design document for
an AI system they/their group built, that they would be willing to send me a
copy of? I'm interested in looking at how people approach planning for
change in AI research software. Let me say in advance: Yes, it's OK that you
didn't follow it/didn't keep it up to date/didn't finish it, or any of the
other things that happen in real life.
Thanks,
David D. Lewis CSNET: lewis@cs.umass.edu
COINS Dept. BITNET: lewis@umass
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Amherst, MA 01003
*************************************************************************
FROM Wm. Randolph Franklin
Preferred net address: Franklin@csv..rpi.edu
Alternate net: wrf@RPITSMTS.BITNET
Papermail: ECSE Dept, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy NY, USA, 12180
Telephone: (518) 276-6077
Telex: 6716050 RPI TROU Fax: (518) 276-6003
W.R. Franklin et al, Debugging and Tracing Expert Systems, Twenty-First
Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Vol III, ed.
B.R. Konsynski, Kona, Hawaii, USA, January 1988, pp. 159-167.
*************************************************************************
From: Shashi Shekhar <shekhar@ERNIE.BERKELEY.EDU>
May be a survey paper titled "Development Support of AI Programs"
in IEEE Computer magazine, Jan.1987 issue, would be useful to you. This
paper includes lots of relevant references to environments for AI etc.
More recent paper include one by P.Hart & Duda on SYNTEL, in IEEE Expert
magazine Fall1987 issue. This has one section on software eng. issues.
You may also find the special issue of Trans. on Software Engg., on AI and
SOftware Eng. (Nov.1986 ??) somewhat useful.
*************************************************************************
From: Cathleen Wharton <cwharton@boulder.colorado.EDU>
Readings in Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering
Edited by Rich, C. and Waters, R.C.
Softcover
602 pages
Published by Morgan Kaufmann Publishers in August 1986
Average Price $20-25
*************************************************************************
From: IN%"france@vtopus.cs.vt.EDU" "Robert France" 23-FEB-1988 05:22
There were several very good papers in *IEEE Transactions on Software
Engineering* v. SE-11, #11 (Nov. 1985). For my favorite solution to the
probelm of coupling and cohesion within AI systems, you can do no better
than to check out Penny Nii's articles on blackboard systems in *AI
Magazine* v. 7 #1-2 (1986).
*************************************************************************
FROM:
Nancy Sliwa
NASA Langley
nesliwa%nasamail@ames.arpa
NASA has been researching this issue. Contact Chris Culbert at NASA Johnson
(cculbert%nasamail@ames.arpa), or Sally Johnson at NASA Langley (804/865-3681).
NASA Ames is also active here, but they will liekly see your posting and reply
in person.
*************************************************************************
From: Jorge Gautier <gautier@CS.WISC.EDU>
I have seen an article in the Fall Joint Conference (1977? I know it was
in Dallas, Texas) titled "Software Engineering for Rule-Based Systems."
The authors were at a naval center (NOSC, NUSC or something like that.)
The basic idea was to group rules according to the classes that they
affect in working memory, so it became easier to keep track of classes
and the state of WM whenever rules were added, deleted or modified.
*************************************************************************
From: munnari!basser.cs.su.oz.au!ray@uunet.uu.NET
One thing that comes to mind is the work by Tom Addis. He has extended
relational database theory and uses it as a knowledge representation
technique. Have a look at his book ...
Addis, T. R. "Designing Knowledge-Based Systems", Kogan Page, London, 1985.
*************************************************************************
From:
Mark A. Whiting
(Arpa c/o: erickson@lbl-csam)
Battelle Northwest Laboratories
PO Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
A paper I liked: Partridge, D. 1986. "Engineering Artificial Intelligence
Software" in _Artificial Intelligence Review_, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1986.
Partridge authored _Artificial Intelligence: Applications in the Future of
Software Engineering_, Horwood, 1986.
*************************************************************************
FROM
H A N S - L U D W I G H A U S E N
GMD Schloss Birlinghoven Telefax +49-2241-14-2889
D-5205 Sankt Augustin 1 Teletex 2627-224135=GMD VV
West GERMANY Telex 8 89 469 gmd d
E-mail hausen@dbngmd21.BITNET
Telephone +49-2241-14-2440 or 2426
P.S.:GMD (Gesellschaft fuer Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung)
German National Research Institute of Computer Science
German Federal Ministry of Research and Technology (BMFT)
Dear colleague, we have also employed AI techniques, rule
mechanisms in particualar, to model method and tool usage. Below,
you will find an abstract of our most recent paper.
KNOWLEDGE BASED HANDLING OF SOFTWARE VALIDATION METHODS AND TOOLS }
H.L.Hausen - H.J.Neusser
GMD, Schloss Birlinghoven, 5205 Sankt Augustin 1
1988-01-27
*************************************************************************
From: jacob@nrl-css.arpa (Rob Jacob)
Saw your message about software engineering techniques for expert
systems on the AIList. This may not be quite what you had in mind,
but, here at the Naval Research Laboratory Judy Froscher and I have
been working on developing a software engineering method for expert
systems. We are interested in how rule-based systems can be built so
that they will be easier to change. Our basic solution is to divide
the set of rules up into pieces and limit the connectivity of the
pieces.
R.J.K. Jacob and J.N. Froscher, "Facilitating Change in Rule-based
Systems," pp. 251-286 in Expert Systems: The User Interface, ed. J.A.
Hendler, Ablex Publishing Co., Norwood, N.J. (1988).
R.J.K. Jacob and J.N. Froscher, "Software Engineering for Rule-based
Systems," Proc. Fall Joint Computer Conference pp. 185-189, Dallas,
Tex. (1986).
J.N. Froscher and R.J.K. Jacob, "Designing Expert Systems for Ease of
Change," Proc. IEEE Symposium on Expert Systems in Government pp.
246-251, Washington, D.C. (1985).
R.J.K. Jacob and J.N. Froscher, "Developing a Software Engineering
Methodology for Rule-based Systems," Proc. 1985 Conference on
Intelligent Systems and Machines pp. 179-183, Oakland University
(1985).
R.J.K. Jacob and J.N. Froscher, "Developing a Software Engineering
Methodology for Knowledge-based Systems," NRL Report 9019, Naval
Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. (1987).
*******************************************************************
From: lewis@cs.umass.edu (a couple others I found)
Gates, K.H.; Adelman, L.; Lemmer, J. F. "Management of AI System Software
Development for Military Decision Aids" in Proc. IEEE Symposium on Expert
Systems in Government, pp. 36-42, Washington, DC (1985).
Silverman, Barry G. "Reflections on Some Next Generation of AI Tools"
Proc. 2nd IEEE Symposium on Expert Systems in Government, pp. 426-427,
McLean, Virginia (1986).
*******************************************************************
...and from Jack Wileden, our seminar's original reading list:
Balzer,R.
{\sl A 15 Year Perspective on Automatic Programming},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1257--1268.
Barstow,~D.,
{\sl Domain Specific Automatic Programming},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1321--1336.
Bobrow,~D.,
{\sl If Prolog is the Answer, What is the Question? or
What it Takes to Support AI Programming Paradigms},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1401--1408.
Bobrow,~D. and Stefik,~M.,
{\sl Perspectives on {AI} Programming},
{\bf Science}, 231, 1986, pp.951--957.
Doyle,~J.,
{\sl Expert Systems and the ``Myth'' of Symbolic Reasoning},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1386--1390.
Erman,~L. and Lesser,~V.,
{\sl System Engineering Techniques for Artificial Intelligence Systems},
in {\bf Computer Vision Systems}, Riseman and Hanson, eds., Academic Press,
1978, pp.37--45.
Green,~C., Luckham,~D., Balzer,~R., Cheatham,~T. and Rich,~C.,
{\sl Report on a Knowledge-Based Software Assistant},
Kestrel Institute Technical Report KES.U.83.2,
Palo Alto, Ca., 1983.
Houghton,~R. and Wallace,~D,
{\sl Characteristics and Functions of Software Engineering Environments:
An Overview},
{\bf Software Engineering Notes}, Jan.\ 1987, pp.64-84.
Huff,~K. and Lesser,~V.,
{\sl A Plan-Based Intelligent Assistant that Supports the Process of
Programming}, COINS Technical Report 87-09, Sept.\ 1987.
Kaiser,~G. and Feiler,~P.,
{\sl An Architecture for Intelligent Assistance in Software Development},
{\bf Proceedings Ninth International Conference on Software Engineering},
Monterey, Ca., 1987, pp.180--188,
Narain,~S., McArthur,~D. and Klahr,~P.,
{\sl Large-Scale System Development in Several {L}isp Environments},
{\bf Proceedings of the Eighth International Joint Conference on
Artificial Intelligence}, Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany,
1983, pp.859--861.
Osterweil,~L.,
{\sl Software Processes are Software Too},
{\bf Proceedings Ninth International Conference on Software Engineering},
Monterey, Ca., 1987, pp.2--13.
Partridge,~D. and Wilks,~Y.,
{\sl Does AI have a methodology different from Software Engineering?},
New Mexico State University Technical Report MCCS-85-53,
Las Cruces NM, 1985.
Ramamoorthy,~C., Shekhar,~S. and Garg,~V.,
{\sl Software Development Support for {AI} Systems},
{\bf IEEE Computer}, Jan.\ 1987, pp.30--40.
Sheil,~B.,
{\sl Power Tools for Programmers},
{\bf Datamation}, Feb.\ 1983, pp.131--144.
Simon,~H.,
{\sl Whether Software Engineering Needs to be Artificially Intelligent},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on
Software Engineering}, Vol.SE--12, No.7, July 1986, pp.726--732.
Smith,~D., Kotik,~G. and Westfold,~S.
{\sl Research on Knowledge-Based Software Environments at Kestrel
Institute},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1278--1295.
Subrahmanyam,~P.,
{\sl The ``Software Engineering'' of Expert Systems:
Is Prolog Appropriate?},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1391--1400.
Taylor,~R., Baker,~D., Belz,~F., Boehm,~B., Clarke,~L., Fisher,~D.,
Osterweil,~L., Selby,~R., Wileden,~J., Wolf,~A. and Young,~M.,
{\sl Next Generation Software Environments: Principles, Problems
and Research Directions},
COINS Technical Report 87-63, July 1987.
Teitelman,~W., {\sl A Tour Through Cedar}, {\bf IEEE Transactions on
Software Engineering}, Vol.SE--11, No.3, March 1985, pp.285--302.
Teitelman,~W. and Masinter,~L.,
{\sl The Interlisp Programming Environment},
{\bf IEEE Computer}, Vol. 14, No.4, April 1981, pp.25--34.
Walker,~J., Moon,~D., Weinreb,~D. and McMahon,~M.,
{\sl The Symbolics Genera Programming Environment},
{\bf IEEE Software}, Nov.\ 1987, pp.36--45.
Waters, R.,
{\sl The Programmer's Apprentice: A Session with KBEmacs},
{\bf IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
Vol.SE--11, No.11, Nov.\ 1985, pp.1296--1320.
Waters,~R.,
{\sl KBEmacs: Where's the AI?},
{\bf The AI Magazine}, Vol. VII, No.1, Spring 1986, pp.47--56.
Wile,~D. and Allard,~D.,
{\sl Worlds: an Organizing Structure for Objec-Bases},
{\bf Proceedings of the Second SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN Symposium on
Practical Development Environments},
Dec.\ 1986. (published as SIGPLAN Notices, Jan. 1987).
********************************************************************