[comp.text.desktop] Document layout

chuq@plaid.UUCP (05/05/87)

From: munnari!anucsd.oz!rim%csadfa.OZ@seismo.CSS.GOV (Robert I. McKay)
Date: 4 May 87 08:29:56 GMT
Organization: Dept. of Computer Science, University College, UNSW, ADFA, Canberrra, Australia

in article <.17579@sun.uucp>, dirk@words (Dirk van Nouhuys) says:
> 
> Hyphenation: More and more technical documents are turning to wide, 
>    ragged-right pages. There
>    is no need for hyphenation in this context.  No hyphenation is certainly
>    better than the
>    weird hyphenation troff some times gives us. Hyphenation is sometimes 
>    confusing in a context like LISP where variable names contain hyphens.
>
This may be correct, but is a matter for deep regret, not an excuse for
avoiding the issue.  There is a very good reason for the traditional 50-70
characters per line justified text tradition: it improves readability!  

In justified text, the brain has little difficulty in finding the start
of the next line: it always bears a constant spatial relationship to the
end of the previous one.  The limit of 50-70 characters per line 
.allows for skim reading - just moving the eyes vertically, there is usually
sufficient information within the focal range to get the overall sense of
the material
.in concentrated reading, reduces the likelihood of skipping or rereading 
lines, since the allowable angular error in retrace is larger.  Thus wider 
columns require deeper leading, and so actually require more paper for the 
same level of readability than narrow columns.

This brings up a wider issue: the DESIRABILITY of desktop publishing.  
Over the past couple of years of the desktop revolution,  documents have
become
.prettier - the availability of good tools has allowed everyman to let 
loose his artistic flair, and the results have often been impressive -
most people seem to have some talent for layout.
.but far less readable - the rules for readability, while well understood
in a tradition that has evolved over the last 500 years, don't seem to be
particularly obvious to everyman (and an honest assessment would indicate
that the first 50 years or so of the printing revolution produced some
pretty horrible grunge too, though that tends to be clouded by the 
veneration which surrounds the 'early masters')

What should be done about it?  Well, it's probably too late to revert
to the requirement for a five year apprenticeship before being let loose
on desktop publishing.  And it's probably too much to hope that everyman
will read one of the great works on typography before commencing.  Perhaps
the solution is a package-integrated guardian of style: a system that looks
over one's shoulder and in a gently chiding tone reminds one of the great
principle of typography one is intent on breaking.  It seems an ideal 
application for an expert system.  Any takers?

A limited bibliography:

Bland, D 'Introduction to Typography', Faber & Faber, London, 1945

Jennett, S 'The Making of Books', Faber & Faber, London 1951

Morison, S 'First Principles of Typography', 2nd ed, Cambridge 1967

Updike, D B 'Printing Types, Their History, Forms & Use' Harvard, 1937

and

Burt, Sir C. 'A Psychological Study of Typography', Cambridge 1959
(he of the faked results, but so far as I know this particular piece
of work has not been criticised).

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Chuq Von Rospach	chuq@sun.COM		[I don't read flames]

There is no statute of limitations on stupidity