[comp.protocols.tcp-ip] ARPANET Status Update

PULLEN@VAX.DARPA.MIL (Mark Pullen) (07/22/88)

The  purpose  of  this  message is to provide members of the Arpanet and
Internet user communities with a  progress  report  on  current  changes
being  made  to  the  Arpanet,  as  well as some information about their
potential impact on network users.  As  an  earlier  message  to  tcp-ip
explained, DARPA plans to gradually phase out the Arpanet and replace it
with  a  higher-speed,  research-oriented internet (the Defense Research
Internet, or DRI).  While work on the  DRI  is  progressing,  the  first
phase  of  Arpanet  restructuring  has  been  implemented  and is nearly
complete.  Plans for a second phase are presently being finalized.   The
goal  of  these  initial  phases  is  a  near-term  reduction of Arpanet
operational costs through  the  elimination  of  selected  Arpanet  PSNs
(packet switching nodes) and leased interswitch trunks.  What follows is
a  summary  description  of  the  principal  actions taken under Phase I
restructuring. 

The  most  significant  aspect of Phase I restructuring is the temporary
use of channel streams derived from the DARPA Wideband Satellite Network
to maintain adequate cross-country connectivity  in  the  Arpanet  while
PSNs  and leased terrestrial lines comprising existing paths are removed
from service (during Phase II restructuring, cross-country  trunks  will
be moved off the Wideband Network and onto 56kb/s lines derived from the
terrestrial  backbone  being implemented for the DRI).  Special software
has been written for Butterfly Satellite  Imps  (BSATs),  which  enables
them  to  accept  subnetwork  packets from an Arpanet PSN trunk port and
encapsulate them in Wideband Network stream messages for transmission to
a distant PSN.  Three such trunks, terminated at sites where Arpanet and
Wideband Network  nodes  are  physically  collocated,  were  established
during the first week of May, 1988:  BBN to ISI, DCEC to ISI and DCEC to
SRI.  The intervening weeks have been spent tuning their performance. 

During the same time period, Phase I disconnect orders have been  issued 
for several of the longest and most expensive leased terrestrial trunks, 
along with a small number of PSNs.  Once these trunk and  PSN  deletions 
are complete (this should occur within the next  few  weeks),  only  one
terrestrial  cross-country  path   will  remain  in the Arpanet.  Trunks 
comprising the last remaining  terrestrial  path are currently scheduled 
to be removed by October 1, 1988.  At this point, the Arpanet will  rely 
heavily on  the  Wideband  Network,  plus  two  VSAT  satellite  trunks, 
to carry traffic between the east and west coasts of  the United States.  
This will make the quality of Arpanet  service  more  dependent  on  the 
Wideband Net.

By placing the Wideband  Net in  this  critical  role, we may experience
significant network congestion if there are Wideband Net outages. In the
event such an outage actually  occurs,  every  effort  will  be  made to
restore  service  to normal as soon as possible. The use of the Wideband
Net in this capacity is a transitional cost saving  measure  until  more 
cost effective leased land  lines  are  purchased.  They are anticipated 
to be installed by Dec 1988.  DARPA has plans to bring up early versions
of  the  Defense  Research  Internet  using  some  existing Wideband Net
equipment soon afterward.   This  will  produce  significant improvement
for users in the high load areas (directly supported by this experiment) 
and  indirectly  by  reducing  Arpanet load for all of the other Arpanet 
users.

Please be patient. Change is often  a  painful  process.  There will  be 
problems in  service  during  transition,  but  this effort is necessary
to enable future progress.

Mark Pullen, DARPA/ISTO


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