[net.dcom] More on High Speed Modems over Dialled Circuits

jackson@ttidcb.UUCP (Dick Jackson) (02/11/85)

OK. So now we have a debate on what factors make a good versus bad
dial-up data circuit. Does anyone know? I would guess that if your call
is digitized at the serving CO and stayed digital until it got to the
SCO at the destination, then you should have a good circuit provided all
the intermediate hops were decently within spec. But maybe there are
sources of impairment that I am not aware of (e.g. the synchronization
slip outage we have been hearing about re. 212 errors).

But cross country I believe that calls go analog microwave. In this
case there is repeated amplification, which is presumably why you hear
thermal noise on most long distance (voice) calls.

If on a multi-stage path there are continual conversions between digital
and analog there would seem good reason to expect trouble.  On what kind of
routes would you expect this?

When we make voice calls from Santa Monica (Los Angeles) to Huntington,
Long Island, you know you're talking long distance; amplitude is down
and there's a lot of thermal type noise evident.  As I reported in a
previous posting, regular 9600 bd modems work well over such lines.  Are
there circuit impairments (e.g. phase effects) that affect modems but are
not detectable by ear?  If so, what type of paths are most likely to
produce them?

One more anecdote: we have done a lot of calling on 224 modems between
Santa Monica and Sioux Falls, SD. I don't know whether that qualifies as a
rural end point but we have had no trouble at all.

lauren@vortex.UUCP (Lauren Weinstein) (02/15/85)

I think the bottom line is that unless you are paying for data circuits,
you have no way to be sure what sorts of circuits you'll be getting,
or when existing circuit patterns will be changed.  A very large
percentage of long distance toll traffic is (and has been) digital
for quite a long time, but sometimes there are analog hops at
various points along the way.  At least theoretically, every time
there is an A/D or D/A translation it's another potential trouble
spot for dialup modems.  There is no guarantee that phase relationships
will be stable on voice calls, and these higher speed modems are
extremely vulnerable to phase variations.  Many of these variations
cannot be detected by ear -- the sync slip problem is frequently one
such case.

Since you're not paying for data circuits, there isn't much you 
can say if a route you're currently using stops working due to
an equipment/path change, so long as the path still provides reasonable
voice-grade service.  This may be another reason why investing
in expensive voice-grade modems may be rather risky--you may suddenly
find that calls are no longer working well (due to path/equipment
changes) and you frequently will have no recourse since the path
is still providing good voice-grade (though not data) service.

The variations, within a single call and across calls to various
regions, over time, can be quite dramatic.

--Lauren--