[comp.dcom.telecom] Connections Between Carriers Within a LATA

CAPEK%YKTVMX.BITNET@cunyvm.cuny.edu (07/16/90)

When there's more than one local exchange carrier operating within a
LATA, is service between them provided by a long distance carrier, or
by the carriers interconnecting directly, or both?

Who drew up the LATA boundaries, and based on what criteria?

Peter Capek

[Moderator's Note: I do not know how the LATA boundaries were drawn
up, but here in Chicago, Illinois Bell simply connects with Centel
direct, and vice-versa. IBT's Chicago-Newcastle CO has both 312 and
708 prefixes assigned to it, and calls from IBT's Newcastle office to
Centel's Chicago-Newcastle office are local, untimed calls. Centel
also has both 312 and 708 prefixes in the same office.  David Tamkin
is the expert on Centel/IBT <===> 312/708 boundary lines, etc.  PT]
 

johnl@esegue.segue.boston.ma.us (John R. Levine) (07/17/90)

In article <9781@accuvax.nwu.edu> is written:

>When there's more than one local exchange carrier operating within a
>LATA, is service between them provided by a long distance carrier, or
>by the carriers interconnecting directly, or both?

Within a LATA, the carriers hook up any old way they want.  In fact,
one LEC may use a second to get to inter-lata long distance carriers.
For example, my uncle's phone company in northwestern Vermont has
always connected only to New England Tel, with NET forwarding
inter-lata calls to AT&T.  AT&T recently ran a line directly to his
telco bypassing NET -- even though his call volume is pretty small,
NET was charging enough that it was worth their while to run a line
all the way from Manchester NH.

No other LD carrier has asked to be connected to his company, and he
doesn't even have billing arrangements with any of them.  I keep
meaning to call him collect via Sprint so we can see what, if anything
happens to the bill.  He's not looking forward to equal access, it
will be a lot of work and expense, and he expects nearly all of his
customers would stick with AT&T anyway, most of them being Vermont
farmers.

I have heard that in Indiana, all of the independent telcos have
banded together to form a peculiar long distance company called
Indiana Switch, which is the exclusive LD carrier for all of them.
Indiana Switch has a central POP to which all of the other LD carriers
can connect.  I assume that the telcos pass regular ANI info to
Indiana Switch, which looks up the numbers in one central database and
routes each call to the subscriber's preferred carrier.  In this way,
the telcos avoid having to implement equal access locally, except
perhaps to reprogram some more modern exchanges to pass 10XXX.

Regards,

John Levine, johnl@esegue.segue.boston.ma.us, {spdcc|ima|lotus}!esegue!johnl

goldstein@carafe.enet.dec.com (Fred R. Goldstein) (07/17/90)

In article <9781@accuvax.nwu.edu>, CAPEK%YKTVMX.BITNET@cunyvm.cuny.edu
writes...

>Who drew up the LATA boundaries, and based on what criteria?

The whole Divestiture Thing (as ynk might say it) stems from an
ancient lawsuit against AT&T/Western Electric, where the Dept. of
Justice, as plaintiff, wanted AT&T to divest WECo.  AT&T had other
ideas and wanted to get into the computer business.  (They were using
3Bs internally and thought many people wanted to pay for them.)  So
they offered the Reagan Justice Dept. (some new guys there did NOT
believe much in anti-trust law, monopolies being the natural order of
laissez-faire) a deal: They'd spin off the local telcos in exchange
for keeping WECo. and being allowed to enter the computer biz.  (They
were kept out of it by the 1956 consent decree in essentially the same
case.)

The original deal gave AT&T _all_ existing "interexchange" calls,
leaving only local exchange calls to the divested telcos (who
eventually won use of the trademark "Bell").  Jurisdiction in the case
then shifted to Judge Greene (it had previously been with the court in
Newark), and the "Baby Bells" fought for more.  They won back Yellow
Pages, and the term "interexchange" was re-interpreted more loosely.
The result was the LATA, representing a compromise between AT&T and
the Bells.

The LATA boundaries were negotiated by the Bells, AT&T, the DOJ and
the court.  They were intended to allow metropolitan areas to remain
intact, and follow natural community of interest lines.  A lot of
dickering took place; for example, Massachusetts ended up with only
two LATAs, but there had been talk of splitting it in three, with
Worcester separate from Boston.  New York City got a big LATA plus a
corridor exception into NJ.

While it was pretty much assumed that inter-LATA calls would be
competitive, states retain the right to limit the franchise for
intrastate traffic.  Intra-LATA may be competitive or monopoly, at
state option.  Interstate is competitive, LATA or not.  But default
carrier selection was created for inter-LATA calls; intra-LATA calls
not via the local carrier may require dialing 10xxx first.  


Fred R. Goldstein goldstein@carafe.enet.dec.com
                 or goldstein@delni.enet.dec.com
                    voice:  +1 508 486 7388 
opinions are mine alone; sharing requires permission