yee@trident.arc.nasa.gov (Peter E. Yee) (11/30/90)
An air/ground communications channel, in addition to the one used
by the Mission Control Center in Houston, will be dedicated to
communications between the Alabama control facility and the science
crew aboard the Space Shuttle. "Huntsville" will be the call sign from
space that astronauts will use to address their control team at the
Marshall facility.
The Spacelab Mission Operations Control facility is located on two
floors of Building 4663 at the Marshall Space Flight Center. Most of the
activity occurs in two work areas: the payload control area on the upper
floor from which the overall payload is monitored and controlled; and the
science operations area on the ground level, where scientists for the
individual telescopes monitor their instruments and direct observations.
The payload control area is the hub of payload operations.
Communication with the crew, on-orbit and ground computer systems
monitoring, science activities, and even television camera operations are
marshalled from work stations in the control room. Console operators in
the area are referred to as the payload operations control center (POCC)
cadre. The cadre is made up of three teams under the leadership of the
payload operations director.
The operations control team is responsible for real-time payload
control. They make sure that the pre-planned observation schedule is
being followed and send commands to the instruments and instructions
to the crew. Designated team members stay in voice contact with the the
on-board science crew via an air-to-ground communications loop.
The data management team ensures that the science data needed
from the payload is scheduled and received properly. The
responsibilities range from telling the on-board computer when to send
down the information it has been storing to scheduling TV transmissions
from orbit.
The payload activities planning team is in charge of replanning the
payload crew activity schedule when anything from unexpected science
opportunities to equipment problems requires a change. After a science
operations planning group makes rescheduling decisions for upcoming
shifts, the planning team determines the many adjustments that will
allow those changes to be accomplished.
The POCC cadre also includes the mission scientist, who leads the
science operations planning group and acts as a liaison between the cadre
and the science investigator teams; the alternate payload specialist, a
backup crew member who helps with air-to-ground communications and
assists the mission scientist; and a public affairs commentator.
The science operations area on the ground floor of the Spacelab
Mission Operations Control facility is staffed by teams of scientists and
engineers who developed the Astro-1 telescopes. The principal
investigators and support groups for the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope,
the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope and the Wisconsin Photo-Polariameter
Experiment, along with the Broad Band X-ray telescope representatives
and a team monitoring the Marshall Space Flight Center's Image Motion
Compensation System share a large room in the science operations area.
The teams monitor the data flowing back from each instrument,
evaluate the instruments' performance, and assess and analyze the
science information revealed by the data. It is possible for the principal
investigator to talk directly with the crew member operating his
instrument if circumstances demand personal interaction.
Engineers on the science teams provide inputs on instrument
performance and if necessary recommend alternate methods to maintain
optimal performance. Scientists in each group evaluate the quality of data
given the scientific objectives. They also may do preliminary analysis of
their data, though a complete study may take months or even years.
Space astronomy is a fluid process because observations sometimes
produce unexpected results that demand more study than originally
planned during the mission. In addition, hardware contingencies may
demand that some activities be rescheduled. Any changes in the plan will
affect the observations of all four science teams. Therefore,
representatives from each team participate in the twice-daily, science-
operations planning group meetings. The science objectives and
viewpoints of the various teams are weighed; then the group agrees on
changes to the original activity plan.
BBXRT Payload Operations Control Center
A special team located at a remote payload operations control
center at the Goddard Space Flight Center will operate the Broad Band X-
Ray Telescope and its Two-Axis Pointing System. However, some
members of the BBXRT team will be stationed at the Marshall control
center to participate in science planning, and all commands issued to the
payload will be coordinated with the mission management team at
Marshall. The two payload operations control centers will be linked via
voice communication so that teams at both places can confer.
ASTRO-1 HISTORY
In February 1978, NASA issued an announcement of opportunity for
instruments that could travel aboard the Space Shuttle and utilize the
unique capabilities of Spacelab. Three telescopes -- HUT, UIT, and
WUPPE -- evolved as a payload manifested as OSS-3 through 7, and these
missions were assigned to the Goddard Space Flight Center. Because the
Instrument Pointing System and other Spacelab facilities were needed
for OSS-3, management was moved in 1982 to the Marshall Space Flight
Center. The payload was renamed Astro.
The Wide Field Camera was added to the payload in 1984 to make
detailed studies of Comet Halley, which was due to move through the
inner solar system in the spring of 1986.
The instruments were constructed, and the observatory had
completed Spacelab integration and testing by January 1986. Astro-1,
consisting of HUT, UIT, WUPPE and the Wide Field Camera, was ready
for orbiter installation when the Challenger accident occurred.
After the accident, the instruments were removed from Spacelab
and stored. Periodic checks were made during storage. However,
because of the the long interval, the decision was made to examine and
recertify all of the Astro instruments. As a part of this process, questions
arose in the summer of 1987 about the quality certifications of the bolts
used in the Astro-1 hardware. Support structures and instrument and
electronics attachments were inspected for possible faulty bolts. A total
of 298 bolts eventually were replaced.
HUT was kept at Kennedy Space Center, but its spectrograph was
returned to The Johns Hopkins University in October 1988. Although
protected from air and moisture by gaseous nitrogen, HUT's extremely
sensitive ultraviolet detector had degraded with time. The detector was
replaced but failed to pass an acceptance review, and a third detector was
installed in January 1989. An aging television camera was replaced in
May 1989.
WUPPE's precise instruments also required recalibration after their
storage period. Rather than ship the large, sensitive telescope back to
the University of Wisconsin where it was developed, astronomers there
built a portable vertical calibration facility and delivered it to the Kennedy
Space Center. Calibration was completed in April 1989.
WUPPE's power supplies for the spectrometer and for the zero order
detector were returned to the University of Wisconsin, where they were
modified to reduce output noise.
UIT also stayed at Kennedy, where the power supply for its image
intensifier was replaced in August 1989.
Because Comet Halley was no longer in position for detailed
observation, the Wide Field Camera was removed from the payload in the
spring of 1987. In March of 1988, BBXRT was added to the Astro-1
payload. Originally proposed in response to the 1978 announcement of
opportunity, BBXRT had been developed as one of three X-ray
instruments in a payload designated OSS-2. This was renamed the
Shuttle High-Energy Astrophysics Laboratory and proposed for flight in
1992. However, when Supernova 1987A occurred, BBXRT was
completed ahead of schedule and added to the Astro-1 payload. The
addition would allow study of the supernova and other objects in X-ray as
well as ultraviolet wavelengths.
The completed payload was tested at 6-month intervals. Level IV
testing, in which instruments and command software are operated apart
from Spacelab pallets, was completed in August 1989. The three
ultraviolet telescopes, the Instrument Pointing System and the igloo were
integrated with the Spacelab pallets for Level III testing, which
concluded in December 1989. The pallet-mounted ultraviolet telescopes
and pointing system, as well as the BBXRT and its Two-Axis Pointing
System, were moved to the Cargo Integration Test Equipment stand
where testing was completed at the end of February 1990.
Astro-1 was installed in Columbia's payload bay March 20, 1990.
Final integrated testing in the Orbiter Processing Facility between the
orbiter, payload, mission centers and satellite relays was completed
March 26-28. Payload pad activities included installation of Ultraviolet
Imaging Telescope (UIT) film, removal of telescope covers, final pallet
cleaning and BBXRT argon servicing.
SHUTTLE AMATEUR RADIO EXPERIMENT (SAREX)
Conducting shortwave radio transmissions between ground-based
amateur radio operators and a Shuttle-based amateur radio operator is
the basis for the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX).
SAREX communicates with amateur stations in line-of-sight of the
orbiter in one of four transmission modes: voice, slow scan television
(SSTV), data or (uplink only) fast scan television (FSTV).
The voice mode is operated in the attended mode while SSTV, data
or FSTV can be operated in either attended or unattended modes.
During the mission, SAREX will be operated by Payload Specialist
Ron Parise, a licensed operator (WA4SIR), during periods when he is not
scheduled for orbiter or other payload activities. At least four
transmissions will be made to test each transmission mode.
The primary pair of frequencies intended for use during the
mission is 145.55 MHz as the downlink from Columbia, with 144.95 MHz
as the uplink. A spacing of 600 KHz was deliberately chosen for this
primary pair to accommodate those whose split frequency capability is
limited to the customary repeater offset.
SAREX crew-tended operating times will be dictated by the time of
launch. As a secondary payload, SAREX will be operated by Parise during
his pre- and post-sleep activities each day. This means that wherever the
Shuttle is above Earth during those operating windows, amateur stations
can communicate with Columbia. Currently, those windows provide
coverage for Australia, Japan, South America and South Africa.
The continental United States has little or no coverage except
through a network of ground stations in other parts of the world in
conjunction with relay links back to the United States.
Another part of the SAREX is the "robot," providing an automated
operation which can proceed with little human intervention. The robot
will generally be activated during one of the crew-tended windows and
deactivated during the next one. This gives approximately 12 hours on
and 12 hours off for the robot, with the operational period chosen to
cover all of the U.S. passes.
SAREX has previously flown on missions STS-9 and STS-51F in
different configurations, including the following hardware: a low-power
hand-held FM transceiver, a spare battery set, an interface (I/F) module,
a headset assembly, an equipment assembly cabinet, a television camera
and monitor, a payload general support computer (PGSC) and an antenna
which will be mounted in a forward flight window with a fast scan
television (FSTV) module added to the assembly.
Antenna location does not affect communications and therefore
does not require a specific orbiter attitude for operations. The
equipment is stowed in one middeck locker.
SAREX is a joint effort of NASA and the American Radio Relay
League (ARRL)/Amateur Radio Satellite Corporation (AMSAT)
STS-35 COLUMBIA SAREX FREQUENCIES
Shuttle Transmit Accompanying Shuttle
Frequency Receive Frequencies
Group 1 145.55 MHz 144.95 MHz
145.55 144.91
145.55 144.97
Group 2 145.51 144.91
145.51 144.93
145.51 144.99
Group 3 145.59 144.99
145.59 144.95
Group 4 145.55 144.95
145.55 144.70
145.55 144.75
145.55 144.80
145.55 144.85
Note: The 145.55/144.95 combination is in both Groups 1 and 4
because alternate uplink frequencies from Group 1 would
be used over North and South America while those from
Group 4 would be used generally in other parts of the
world.
"SPACE CLASSROOM, ASSIGNMENT: THE STARS"
"Space Classroom" is a new NASA educational effort designed to
involve students and teachers in the excitement of Space Shuttle science
missions. This new program joins more than 160 other educational
programs being conducted by NASA that use the agency's missions and
unique facilities to help educators prepare students to meet the nation's
growing need for a globally competitive work force of skilled scientists
and engineers.
The first Space Classroom project, called Assignment: The Stars,
will capitalize on the December 1990 flight of Astro-1, a Space Shuttle
astronomy mission. It is designed to spark the interest of middle school
students, encouraging them to pursue studies in mathematics, science
and technology. It will offer educators an alternative approach to
teaching their students about the electromagnetic spectrum -- a science
concept that is required instruction in many classrooms in the United
States.
Space Classroom, Assignment: The Stars, involves several
educational elements: a lesson on the electromagnetic spectrum to be
taught live by the Astro-1 crew from the cabin of the Space Shuttle
Columbia during the flight; a supporting lesson to be taught from the
Astro-1 control center in Huntsville, Ala.; an Astro-1 teachers guide; an
Astro-1 slide presentation; a NASA educational satellite video conference
next fall; and post-flight video products suitable for classroom use.
The major component of Assignment: The Stars will be a lesson
taught by members of the Astro-1 science crew from the Space Shuttle as
they orbit the Earth during the mission. This 15-20 minute presentation
will focus on the electromagnetic spectrum and its relationship to the
high-energy astronomy mission.
The crew presentation will be followed by demonstrations and
discussions of the concepts introduced by the crew from a classroom in
the Astro-1 control center at Marshall Space Flight Center.
The lesson will conclude with an opportunity for some students
participating in the lesson from Marshall and students at Goddard Space
Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., to ask questions of the crew in orbit.
Students at both centers will participate in additional workshops, tours
and laboratory sessions.
The lesson by the crew, the follow-up lesson from the Astro-1
control center and the question-answer session will be carried live on
NASA Select TV, Satcom satellite F2R, transponder 13, 3960 megahertz,
72 degrees West longitude. NASA Select will carry continuous
programming of all mission events as well. The lesson is tentatively
scheduled for the fifth day of the mission.
Beginning about 1 week before launch, Astro-1 Update, a recorded
bulletin on the status of the Astro-1 mission and Space Classroom, will be
available by dialing 205/544-8504.
In the fall of 1991, tapes of the lesson will available for a small fee
from NASA CORE, Lorain County Joint Vocational School, 15181 Route
58 South, Oberlin, Ohio, 44074 (phone: 216/ 774-1051).
ORBITER EXPERIMENTS PROGRAM
The advent of operations of the Space Shuttle orbiter provided an
opportunity for researchers to perform flight experiments on a full-scale,
lifting vehicle during atmospheric entry. In 1976, to take advantage of
this opportunity, NASA's Office of Aeronautics, Exploration and
Technology instituted the Orbiter Experiments (OEX) Program.
Since the program's inception, 13 experiments have been
developed for flight. Principal investigators for these experiments
represent NASA's Langley and Ames Research Centers, Johnson Space
Center and Goddard Space Flight Center.
Six OEX experiments will be flown on STS-35. Included among
this group will be five experiments which were intended to operate
together as a complementary set of entry research instrumentation. This
flight marks the first time since the September 1988 return-to-flight
that the Langley experiments will fly as a complementary set.
Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS)
The SEADS nosecap on the orbiter Columbia contains 14
penetration assemblies, each containing a small hole through which the
surface air pressure is sensed. Measurement of the pressure levels and
distribution allows post-flight determination of vehicle attitude and
atmospheric density during entry. SEADS, which has flown on three
previous flights of Columbia, operates in an altitude range of 300,000 feet
to landing. Paul M. Siemers III, Langley, is the principal investigator.
Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer (SUMS)
The SUMS experiment complements SEADS by enabling
measurement of atmospheric density above 300,000 feet. SUMS samples
air through a small hole on the lower surface of the vehicle just aft of the
nosecap. It utilizes a mass spectrometer operating as a pressure sensing
device to measure atmospheric density in the high altitude, rarefied flow
regime where the pressure is too low for the use of ordinary pressure
sensors. The mass spectrometer incorporated in the SUMS experiment
was spare equipment originally developed for the Viking Mars Lander.
This is the first opportunity for SUMS to fly since STS-61C in January
1986. Robert C. Blanchard and Roy J. Duckett, Langley, are co-principal
investigators.
Both SEADS and SUMS provide entry atmospheric environmental
(density) information. These data, when combined with vehicle motion
data, allow determination of in-flight aerodynamic performance
characteristics of the orbiter.
Aerodynamic Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP)
The ACIP instrumentation includes triaxial sets of linear
accelerometers, angular accelerometers and angular rate gyros, which
sense the orbiter's motions during flight. ACIP provides the vehicle
motion data which is used in conjunction with the SEADS environmental
information for determination of aerodynamic characteristics below about
300,000 feet altitude.
The ACIP has flown on all flights of Challenger and Columbia. David
B. Kanipe, Johnson Space Center, is the ACIP principal investigator.
High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP)
This instrument is a triaxial, orthogonal set of highly sensitive
accelerometers which sense vehicle motions during the high altitude
portion (above 300,000 feet) of entry. This instrument provides the
companion vehicle motion data to be used with the SUMS results. HiRAP
has been flown on 11 previous missions of the orbiters Columbia and
Challenger. Robert C. Blanchard, Langley, is the HiRAP principal
investigator.
Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS)
This experiment uses a scanning infrared radiometer located atop
the vertical tail to collect infrared images of the orbiter's leeside (upper)
surfaces during entry, for the purpose of measuring the temperature
distribution and thereby the aerodynamic heating environment. On two
previous missions, the experiment obtained images of the left wing. For
STS-35, the experiment has been reconfigured to obtain images of the
upper fuselage.
SILTS has flown on three Columbia flights. David A. Throckmorton
and E. Vincent Zoby, Langley, are co-principal investigators.
Aerothermal Instrumentation Package (AIP)
The AIP comprises some 125 measurements of aerodynamic
surface temperature and pressure at discrete locations on the upper
surface of the orbiter's left wing and fuselage, and vertical tail. These
sensors originally were part of the development flight instrumentation
system which flew aboard Columbia during its Orbital Flight Test missions
(STS-1 through 4). They have been reactivated through the use of an
AIP-unique data handling system. Among other applications, the AIP data
provide "ground-truth" information for the SILTS experiment.
The AIP has flown on two previous Columbia flights. David A.
Throckmorton, Langley, is principal investigator.
STS-35 CREW BIOGRAPHIES
Vance D. Brand, 58, will serve as Commander. Selected as an
astronaut in 1966, he considers Longmont, Colo., to be his
hometown. STS-35 will be Brand's fourth space flight.
Brand was Apollo Command Module Pilot on the Apollo-Soyuz Test
Project (ASTP) mission, launched on July 15, 1975. This flight resulted
in the historic meeting in space between American astronauts and Soviet
cosmonauts. The three-member U.S.crew spent 9 days in Earth orbit.
Brand's second flight was as Commander of STS-5 in November
1982, the first fully operational flight of the Shuttle Transportation
System and first mission with a four person crew. Brand next
commanded the 10th Space Shuttle mission aboard Challenger. STS-41B
with its crew of five was launched Feb. 3, 1984.
Prior to joining NASA, Brand was a commissioned officer and naval
aviator with the U.S. Marine Corps from 1953 to 1957. Following release
from active duty, he continued in Marine Corps Reserve and Air National
Guard jet fighter squadrons until 1964. Brand was employed as a civilian
by the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation from 1960 to 1966. He was an
experimental test pilot on Canadian and German F-104 programs and has
logged 8,777 flying hours, which includes 7,312 hours in jets, 391 hours
in helicopters, 531 hours in spacecraft and checkout in more than 30
types of military aircraft.
Guy S. Gardner, 42, Col. USAF, will serve as Pilot. Selected as an
astronaut in 1980, he considers Alexandria, Va., to be his hometown.
STS-35 will be his second Shuttle flight.
Gardner was Pilot for STS-27, a 4-day flight of Atlantis launched
Dec. 2, 1988. The mission carried a Department of Defense payload. The
crew completed their mission with a lakebed landing at Edwards on Dec.
6.
Gardner graduated from George Washington High School in
Alexandria in 1965. He received a bachelor of science degree in
engineering sciences, astronautics and mathematics from the USAF
Academy in 1969 and a master of science degree in astronautics from
Purdue University in 1970.
After completing pilot training, he flew 177 combat missions in
Southeast Asia in 1972 while stationed at Udorn, Thailand. In 1973, he
flew F-4's and in 1975 attended the USAF Test Pilot School at Edwards.
In 1977-78 he was an instructor pilot at the USAF Test Pilot School. He
has logged over 4,000 hours flying time and 105 hours in space.
Jeffrey A. Hoffman, 45, will serve as Mission Specialist 1 (MS1). Selected
as an astronaut in 1978, he was born in Brooklyn, N.Y. STS-35 will be his
second Shuttle flight.
Hoffman was a Mission Specialist aboard Discovery on STS-51D,
which launched from the Kennedy Space Center in April 1985. On this
mission, he made the first STS contingency spacewalk, in an attempted
rescue of the malfunctioning Syncom IV-3 satellite.
Hoffman graduated from Scarsdale High School, Scarsdale, N.Y.,
and received a bachelor of arts degree in astronomy from Amherst
College in 1966. He received a doctor of philosophy in astrophysics from
Harvard University in 1971 and a masters degree in materials science
from Rice University in 1988.
At NASA, Hoffman has worked as the astronaut office payload safety
representative. He also has worked on extravehicular activity (EVA),
including the development of a high-pressure space suit.
John M. "Mike" Lounge, 43, will be Mission Specialist 2 (MS2).
Selected as an astronaut in 1980, Lounge considers Burlington, Colo., to
be his hometown. He will be making his third Shuttle flight.
Lounge was a mission specialist on STS-51I conducted in August
1985. During that mission his duties included deployment of the
Australian AUSSAT communications satellite and operation of the remote
manipulator system (RMS) arm. The crew deployed two other
communications satellites and also performed a successful on-orbit
rendezvous and repair of the ailing SYNCOM IV-3 satellite. His second
flight was aboard Discovery on STS-26 in September 1988.
Lounge graduated from Burlington High School in 1964 and
received a bachelor of science degree in physics and mathematics from
the U.S. Naval Academy in 1969 and a master of science degree in
astrogeophysics from the University of Colorado in 1970. At NASA,
Lounge now serves as Chief of the Space Station Support Office which
works with design and operation of the Freedom space station.
Robert Allan Ridley Parker, 53, will serve as Mission Specialist 3
(MS3). Selected as an astronaut in 1967, he grew up in Shrewsbury,
Mass., and will be making his second Shuttle flight.
Parker was a member of the astronaut support crews for Apollo 15
and 17 missions. He served as a mission specialist on Columbia's sixth
space flight, STS-9, in November 1983 which was the first Spacelab
mission.
Parker attended primary and secondary schools in Shrewsbury,
Mass.; received a bachelor of arts degree in astronomy and physics from
Amherst College in 1958, and a doctorate in astronomy from the
California Institute of Technology in 1962.
Samuel T. Durrance, 46, will serve as a Payload Specialist.
Durrance is a research scientist in the Department of Physics and
Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. He considers
Tampa, Fla., his hometown.
Durrance has made International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite
observations of Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus. He helped
develop special pointing techniques needed to observe solar system
objects with that satellite. His main astronomical interests are in the
origin and evolution of planets, both in this solar system and around other
stars.
Durrance received a bachelor of science degree and a master of
science degree in physics from California State University and a doctor of
philosophy degree in astrogeophysics from the University of Colorado.
Ronald A. Parise, 38, also will serve as a Payload Specialist. Parise
is a senior scientist in the Space Observatories Department, Computer
Science Corporation in Silver Spring, Md. He is a member of the
research team for the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, one of the
instruments scheduled for flight as part of the Astro payload. He is from
Warren, Ohio.
Parise has participated in flight hardware development, electronic
system design and mission planning activities for the Ultraviolet Imaging
Telescope project. He is pursuing his astronomical research interests
with the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite under a NASA grant.
Parise also will conduct the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX)
during the STS-35 mission.
He received a bachelor of science degree in physics, with minors in
mathematics, astronomy and geology from Youngstown State University,
Ohio, and a master of science degree and a doctor of philosophy degree
in astronomy from the University of Florida.
STS-35 MISSION MANAGEMENT
Office of Space Flight
Dr. William B. Lenoir - Associate Administrator
Joseph B. Mahon - Director, Flight Systems
Robert L. Crippen - Director, Space Shuttle
Leonard S. Nicholson - Deputy Director, Space Shuttle (Program)
Brewster Shaw - Deputy Director, Space Shuttle (Operations)
Office of Space Science and Applications
Dr. Lennard A. Fisk - Associate Administrator
Alphonso V. Diaz - Deputy Associate Administrator
Robert Benson - Director, Flight Systems Division
Dr. Charles Pellerin, Jr. - Director, Astrophysics Division
William Huddleston - Astro Program Manager
Dr. Edward Weiler - Astro Program Scientist
Dr. David Huenemoerder - Deputy Program Scientist
Office of Space Operations
Charles T. Force - Associate Administrator
Eugene Ferrick - Director, Tracking & Data Relay Satellite
Systems Division
Robert M. Hornstein - Director, Ground Networks Division
Ames Research Center
Dr. Dale L. Compton - Director
Victor L. Peterson - Deputy Director
Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility
Kenneth J. Szalai - Site Manager
Theodore G. Ayers - Deputy Site Manager
Thomas C. McMurtry - Chief, Research Aircraft
Operations Division
Larry C. Barnett - Chief, Shuttle Support Office
Goddard Space Flight Center
Dr. John Klineberg - Director
Peter T. Burr - Director of Flight Projects
Dale L. Fahnestock - Director of Mission Operations and
Data Systems Directorate
Dr. Theodore Gull - Astro Mission Scientist
Frank Volpe - BBXRT Manager
Bruce Thoman - BBXRT Operations Manager
Johnson Space Center
Aaron Cohen - Director
Eugene F. Kranz - Director, Mission Operations
Franklin Brizzolara - Payload Integration Manager
Kennedy Space Center
Forrest S. McCartney - Director
Jay Honeycutt - Director, Shuttle Management & Operations
Robert B. Sieck - Launch Director
John T. Conway - Director, Payload Management & Operations
Joanne H. Morgan - Director, Payload Project Management
Robert Sturm - Astro-1 Launch Site Support Manager
Langley Research Center
Richard H. Petersen - Director
W. Ray Hook - Director for Space
James P. Arrington - Chief, Space System Division
Marshall Space Flight Center
T. Jack Lee - Director
Jack Jones - Astro Mission Manager
Stuart Clifton - Assistant Mission Manager
Dr. Eugene Urban - Deputy Mission Scientist
Thomas Rankin - Payload Operations Director
Fred Applegate - Payload Operations Director
Steven Noneman - Payload Operations Director