[news.sysadmin] Preventing serial cable interference

mike@octel.UUCP (Michael D. Crawford) (08/23/89)

We have a great deal of trouble here with our Sun serial ports either hanging up
(meaning rebooting fixes them) or being blown (meaning we need to replace the
board).

Sun Service says it is from our long serial cables being left unplugged at the
far end, or being plugged into powered-off equipment, which causes the 
unterminated cables to pick up interference and generate lots of
interrupts.  I do use the Sun perfmeter program to monitor interrupts, and
sometimes see the rate jump from a few hundred per second to tens of
thousands, which is cured by unplugging the cable at my end; however, this
behavior is not always observed before ports go out.

My users have not complied to well with my requests to leave their cables
plugged into turned on devices, understandable since most of them are used
to download into equipment with noisy fans.  

What I would like to know is if there is some kind of isolator I could make
or buy that would overcome this problem, at least some kind of terminator
I could plug in the other end of the cables when they are not being used.

I would greatly appreciate helpful suggestions of any sort, as Sun does not
seem to know anything better to tell me.

Thanks in advance,

-- 
Michael David Crawford			Consulting for:
Oddball Enterprises			Octel Communications Corp
694 Nobel Drive				890 Tasman Drive
Santa Cruz, CA 95060			Milpitas CA 95035
pyramid!vsi1,!octel!mike
CI$ 72377,623

grr@cbmvax.UUCP (George Robbins) (08/24/89)

In article <33@octel.UUCP> mike@octel.UUCP (Michael D. Crawford) writes:
> We have a great deal of trouble here with our Sun serial ports either hanging up
> (meaning rebooting fixes them) or being blown (meaning we need to replace the
> board).
> 
> What I would like to know is if there is some kind of isolator I could make
> or buy that would overcome this problem, at least some kind of terminator
> I could plug in the other end of the cables when they are not being used.
> 
> I would greatly appreciate helpful suggestions of any sort, as Sun does not
> seem to know anything better to tell me.

You can play various games with resistors to pull the idle/disconnected
lines further away from the threshold and to reduce the "zap" effect when
things are plugged/unplugged or switched.

The better solution, especially if your cables are real long, is to invest
in some "line drivers", which are in effect cheapo modems that convert the
RS232 signals into "analog" signals that can be tranmitted over two pairs
of wire.  Depending on distance you can reuse your serial cabling or just
just cheap telephone type twisted pair station cable.

An assortment of flavors/prices are available, either from the DP supply
catalog (Inmac, Black Box, etc) or modem manufacturers (Gandalf, etc).
Just make sure that the one you pick supports asynchronous terminals, and
if it is supposed to be "self powered", that the Sun's and terminals put
out appropriate voltages on whichever pins the the things draw power from.

Do test a pair to make sure their behaviour when the remote end is "powered
off" is one of appropriate silence and not random noise.  8-)

-- 
George Robbins - now working for,	uucp: {uunet|pyramid|rutgers}!cbmvax!grr
but no way officially representing	arpa: cbmvax!grr@uunet.uu.net
Commodore, Engineering Department	fone: 215-431-9255 (only by moonlite)

ingoldsb@ctycal.COM (Terry Ingoldsby) (08/26/89)

In article <33@octel.UUCP>, mike@octel.UUCP (Michael D. Crawford) writes:
> We have a great deal of trouble here with our Sun serial ports either hanging up
> (meaning rebooting fixes them) or being blown (meaning we need to replace the
> board).
> 
> Sun Service says it is from our long serial cables being left unplugged at the
> far end, or being plugged into powered-off equipment, which causes the 
...
> What I would like to know is if there is some kind of isolator I could make
> or buy that would overcome this problem, at least some kind of terminator
> I could plug in the other end of the cables when they are not being used.

Make up a connector with terminating resistors that could be plugged into
the end of the cable that is dangling free.  The connector should consist of
all active lines connected via separate resistors to pin 7 (signal ground).
I would try 1K resistors for starters.  This should provide a low enough
impedance to keep any inputs from picking up noise, and still be high
enough resistance so that any outputs won't drive excessive current.  I
think most RS232 outputs are protected anyway, but better safe than sorry.




-- 
  Terry Ingoldsby                       ctycal!ingoldsb@calgary.UUCP
  Land Information Systems                           or
  The City of Calgary         ...{alberta,ubc-cs,utai}!calgary!ctycal!ingoldsb

hedrick@geneva.rutgers.edu (Charles Hedrick) (08/27/89)

The referenced article recommends a terminator that you can plug in
when a line is open.  That is a clean solution, but it's inconvenient,
because users have to remember to plug in the terminator.  Some kinds
of terminals because unterminated when they are turned off.  You may
be able to get around this by installing terminating resistors
permanently, probably in the machine room.

We saw similar problems with open lines on a DEC-20 about 10 years
ago.  DEC field service whipped up an ECO for us using parts from
Radio Shack.  (It was thereafter known as "the Radio Shack ECO", and
was dutifully installed by field service in all of our newer DEC-20's
as they arrived.)  I didn't look at the details, but I believe they
did pretty much what was described here, except they used larger value
resistors.  They found a value that provided enough termination to
prevent open lines from ringing, but didn't interfere with normal
communications when something was plugged in.  I don't know what value
they used.  Presumably somewhere between 10K and 100K.  You might
experiment.