[net.cooks] Al and Alzheimer's

pdt@mhuxv.UUCP (12/08/83)

As long as people are asking chemistry-related questions (and relating
questionable chemistry), a few facts might make a welcome change.  :-)

First and certainly least of all, aluminum is trivalent in its garden-
variety oxide:  its formula is Al(sub 2)O(sub 3), not AlO(sub 2) as
suggested.  (If it's not worth doing, it's not worth doing right.)

Second, as one reader suggested (I'm sorry I forgot your name), aluminum
is coated by an oxide which is quite chemically inert.  Even concentrated
nitric acid will not dissolve aluminum because it cannot attack the oxide.
On the other hand, dilute acid with small amounts of what (we) chemists
call "complexing agents" (like chloride or citrate, for example) WILL
dissolve aluminum:  the complexing agent facilitates the dissolution
of the oxide because the aluminum complex in solution is more stable than
the oxide.  Nitrate (as in nitric acid) forms no stable aluminum complexes;
so nitric acid can't dissolve the bulk metal because it can't get to it,
but acidic solutions containing salt (like spaghetti sauce) can.
Another reader (chemists can be forgetful) points out that base (alkaline
solutions) dissolves aluminum.  Hydroxide attacks BOTH the aluminum oxide
and the aluminum metal, releasing a lot of energy.  This is what makes
Drano (tm), a mixture of sodium or potassium hydroxide and bits of
aluminum, heat up drain clogs.

Once aluminum hits your tummy, your digestive juices probably turn it
into the tetrachloroaluminate(III) ion, [AlCl(sub 4)](sup -1).  In order
for this species to be metabolized, the reacting biochemical must
(1) produce a more stable complex and (2) do so rather quickly.  I have
no doubt that we have such things in us--I haven't a clue as to what
or where they are, though.  Once a big globby protein has grabbed on to
the aluminum, its outside may still be subtly reactive with other
biochemical species (like brain tissue, where it may accumulate).  Without
knowing the identity of these biochemicals, it's impossible to say whether the
aluminum accumulation is a symptom or a cause of Alzheimer's syndrome.

Aren't you glad you didn't ask?