[sci.electronics] high voltage high frequency resonant air core transformer

palmer@tallis.enet.dec.com (Colonel Mode) (08/22/90)

I've had a HVHF resonant air core transformer project on the back burner for
several years now and would like to revive it. If you're familiar with Tesla
coils, this is not one, but it's output is similar.

A high current MOSFET RF oscillator drives and is tuned to/by an LC tank
composed of 3-10 turns of 1/2 inch copper tubing and a .01-.1uF capacitor. The
secondary is several hundred turns of 20-24 gauge wire whose electrical length
is 1/4 wavelength of the LC tank frequency.

The difficulty I've been having is in the design of the RF oscillator. How can I
prevent HV kickback from the secondary from burning out the MOSFETs and/or the
rest of the oscillator? Kickback can occur whenever the load on the secondary
changes suddenly, or if the secondary is not tuned to the LC tank. I don't want
to use vacuum tubes. Someone suggested using a PWM chopper instead of a
sinusoidal oscillator, but I fear that that would only make the kickback worse.
Any suggestions?

*****
Chris Palmer
palmer@tallis.enet.dec.com
phone (508)486-6667 dtn 226-6667

grege@gold.GVG.TEK.COM (Greg Ebert) (08/23/90)

Using a cascode connection of a MOSFET and a bipolar transistor will give
you the fast switching time from (from the MOSFET), and high-voltage
protection (from the bipolar). I seem to recall a fairly high-voltage
bipolar used for the horizontal-output section on TV's is (used to be ?)
available from Radio Snack.

Since your circuit is resonant, all you really need to do is give it a
'kick-in-the-pants' with an impulse, and it will ring at the resonant
frequency. The pulse rate of the impulse should be an 'integer fraction'
[sorry for such a silly term, but you know what I mean] of the tank
frequency. You can use lower pulse rates for a higher Q.

As far as the 'kickback' is concerned, it's just something you will have
to live with. You can compute it if you know the peak secondary voltage,
which will vary wildly depending upon your load; just use the turns-ratio
of your transformer. Be aware (read: BEWARE!) that under worst-case, the
voltage across the cascode circuit is the kickback voltage PLUS the DC
supply voltage. Egad !

MOSFETs are wonderful devices, and I've made them switch several amps on/off
in less than 100nsec with blatant disrespect for circuit layout and wimpy
gate-drivers.