[sci.electronics] How to read the value of small ceramic capacitors, and Why use an IF?

crisp@uncecs.edu (Russ Crisp) (03/12/91)

Hello again fellow networkers.
I have 2 simple questions I hope someone can help me with.
The first, how do you read and understand the values printed on
small valued ceramic disc capacitors?  There seems to be a
pattern on some I've seen.  For instance, 103 means .01uF,
and 104 means .1uF - I think-.  This pattern doesn't seem to 
hold
on  other values.  Anybody got a clue?

Secondly, why is the rf in a radio receiver mixed with a 
local oscillator to provide an IF?  Why not go straight
through with the carrier frequency?  What advantage does
this IF signal provide?

Thanks.  I appreciate all your responses.  
Russ Crisp
Western Carolina University
Cullowhee, NC 

henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) (03/12/91)

In article <1991Mar11.181039.22769@uncecs.edu> crisp@uncecs.edu (Russ Crisp) writes:
>The first, how do you read and understand the values printed on
>small valued ceramic disc capacitors?  There seems to be a
>pattern on some I've seen.  For instance, 103 means .01uF,
>and 104 means .1uF ...

Read them as if they were the resistor color code.  123 means 12 x 10^3,
where the basic unit is always picofarads.
-- 
"But this *is* the simplified version   | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
for the general public."     -S. Harris |  henry@zoo.toronto.edu  utzoo!henry

whinery@hale.ifa.hawaii.edu (Alan Whinery) (03/13/91)

In article <1991Mar11.181039.22769@uncecs.edu> crisp@uncecs.edu (Russ Crisp) writes:
>

>Secondly, why is the rf in a radio receiver mixed with a 
>local oscillator to provide an IF?  Why not go straight
>through with the carrier frequency?  What advantage does
>this IF signal provide?

If you wanted to have much tuning range in a radio with no IF, you'd
be faced with the formidable task of tuning a chain of filters, which
are necessary to achieve selectivity, simultaneously. If it doesn't sound
formidable then consider that the tuning element would have to be linear
across a wide range of frequency, regardless of temperature changes, 
parasistic capacitance and inductance, etc. 

If you "beat" the incoming RF against a Local Oscilllator frequency, 
thus producing the IF, all you have to tune is the LO. The RF amps 
ahead of the mixer (beater, whatever) are wide band, the IF filters
are all tuned to 1 frequency (usually 455 khz or 10.7 Mhz) and they
stay that way. It also makes the detection easier, because the detector 
in an FM receiver, say, can be built to operate at 10.7 Mhz instead
of at 88-108 Mhz, which would complicate the design considerably, not
to mention making it more expensive.

Alan
whinery@hale.ifa.hawaii.edu

--
Regards,
Alan Whinery
whinery@hale.ifa.hawaii.edu