knechod%peruvian.utah.edu@cs.utah.edu (Kevin Nechodom) (06/13/91)
After long last, here is the summary of responses to my plea for help. I apologize for my lousy job of editing, I don't know what I'm doing! Well, on with the show ... From jinx@altdorf.ai.mit.edu Tue Jun 4 17:42:01 1991 Binary compatibility is irrelevant with X terminals, since all the programs will run off the server. Performance will downgrade on a big run, but I'm very impressed by the 700s. Admittedly I haven't used SS2s, but we have two 720s and not only is their CPU fast, but the rest of the system, including IO seems very fast as well. If you get the differential SCSI upgrade and disk for the 730, you may very well get better IO out of the HP. Given the standard benchmarks, I would not be surprised if the 730 could easily keep up with the SS2 even when loaded. HP has a nice solution for handling different binaries on diskless nodes. Their cluster software is reasonably good, and should work well between a 700 and some 400s. Of course, by having different architectures, you will have to have two copies of all the binaries. If the software is homebrew, the only problem is disk space. If you have to buy the software, you may have to pay for two copies. A third possibility, if you find that performace with the X terminals is not so great, is to get some cheaper Snakes. There is a rumour going around (which I have reason to believe) that HP will announce a 720 performance Snake in October for under $10K. From schultz@halley.serc.3m.com Tue Jun 4 21:45:40 1991 As a point of reference, a local HP OEM sells HP 1.3 GB (unformatted) disks under their own label for well under $3000 per disk. DataLink in the 612 area code. I have Sun telling me that X-terminals are not good for a development environment, and that binary compatibility between all workstations is a Good Thing. Hanging X-terminals will degrade performance for everyone on a big run, while a separate workstation will not. BS - if the big run is cpu or disk IO intensive, why would the X terminal care? There are not many applications which are display bound. However, I personnally like to have local compute power because software is starting to be able to be distributed across a network to take advantage of unused computer power, even across hetergenous environments. (Refer to a recent announcment of CONDOR from Univ of Wisc. Madison.) Trying to maintain a hetergenous (Sun 3, Sun 4, HP 9000/800 in may case) is a pain in the @#$%@#. While I agree that the RISC server for a CISC machine (or vice versa) is OK, keeping track of all the binaries and the object files is non-trivial. That said, I am greatly in favor of maintaining a hetergenous environment so that as one workstation vendor pulls ahead of another (HP in mid '91), you can gracefully expand you network. I also like a couple sun 4's in the network just because most software will run on them. With HP's price/performance, more software will become available for them however. With X technology, the actual compute location is somewhat irrelevant. Qualitatively I thought that the IO on a 4/330 and a HP 720 were about the same. I disagree that database and statistics are mostly IO bound. Manipulating large databases and making new tables is typically compute bound. Promote the idea of a hetergneous environment running X and NFS. This will allow your department to gracefully add (and remove obsolete) computer power. The only problem I see between SUN and HP workstation coorporating is that most public domain software and much commercial software is avaiable for SUNs before HPs. From henry@geoph.ucalgary.ca Wed Jun 5 01:43:45 1991 We just had a 720 on loan. Yes, it ran out floating point benchmarks quite quickly, though there were some pretty strange things happening when we did interactive work on it. We found that login time and logout time (with nothing fancy in login script files) was abysmal. Users who were't aware of the SPEC rating on the HP 720 thought it was "much slower" than our other systems on demo (SS2 and MIPS 3330). In general, it had a "feel" of a much slower system. You and your users might not get this impression. All I can suggest is to get your sales people to bring in demo machines. We've had 5 vendors (IBM, Sun, SGI, MIPS and HP) all give us loaner machines to evaluate (my office looked like mission control). Our evaluation could be summed up as follows: HP 720 - good on CPU intensive jobs, epecially floating point - doesn't handle large virtual memory jobs very well (even though there's plenty of RAM left) - OS os "OK" though it looks a little rough yet - X implementation needs work (not too hard to get it to crash) Sun SS2 - very consistant reponse for interactive work - slow floating point - tons of public domain code runs on it - X system lacks a lot of standard MIT stuff (no Xaw, no Xmu) - Very stable OS MIPS 3330 - very consistant speed - X implementation is very fast - X is up to date, X11 R4, Motif 1.1, comes with all the goodies - floating point performance is OK, integer is great - Very "clean" OS, System V is not mixed up with BSD - BSD environment is quite complete. BSDeers can still feel at home even though the system is not BSD. IBM 320 - excellent floating point - X implementation is X11 R3, Motif 1.0, very out of date - mishmash of System V and BSD - very unpredicatable - nothing compiles on this machine without lots of changes - fast I/O for small data sets (lots of caching going on) - some nice unix feature - logical volume sets (allows files to span multiple physical disks) SGI Personal Iris 4d/35 - haven't evaluated it yet. I think in our case, the decision will be made on the basis of software availablity for our application (geophysical data processing). For that reason, we'll sadly be chosing Sun or IBM. Oh well... Good luck, -Henry Bland From chris@cxbne.cx.oz.au Wed Jun 5 08:11:54 1991 Well, my 2cents worth is if SUN can't bring themselves to support one of the (IMHO) best advances in computing (Xterminals) and continue to try to tell the rest of the world what computing in the 90's is about tell them to get stuffed! The HP's are not as fast as they are made out to be. Half of their big spec no's are in the floating point intensive code with their new Fortran preprocessor. However they are the fastest on the block at the moment and if you are happy with HP and don't mind not being a sheep go with them. From se@ikp.Uni-Koeln.DE Wed Jun 5 10:30:00 1991 1) Its nonsense, when Sun tells you X terminals would result in low performance because of high net load. I know of installations with Sun workstations, that are going to switch to X terminals connected to servers to *reduce* the netload! (Prestoserve didn't bring the expected performance boost.) If you are using database applications, the NFS mounted file systems will be a much more severe bottleneck than the X transfers. 2) I wouldn't buy the HP workstations, primarily because of bad experience with HP and HP-UX. My choice were a reasonable workstation (eg. Sparc 2) with lots of RAM and fast disks, connected to fast X terminals (but I'd choose Tektronix over HP!). We use lots of Tektronix X terminals (grayscale + colour), they perform better than Sparcstations (as X displays) under most aspects. Performance on *one* LAN with some NFS and VAX cluster traffic, is no problems at all. A busy X session results in about 30K/s being transferred, that means that (without NFS) 10 to 20 X terminals could be *very* active simultaneously without disturbing each other. The Sparc IPC has a very poor display quality and is relatively slow (and only black/white) compared to at least grayscale X terminals. If you connect local swap disks to the IPCs, they will become noisy. If you run your applications on several workstations, you can't take advantage of code sharing or fast inter process communication. That results in a lot of overhead and may cost more CPU cycles than the additional workstations provide. Once again in few words, i would buy: 1) A fast workstation (Sparc 2, DEC 5000/200 several others, but (IMHO) not the HP 9000/7x0 or IBM RS/6000). At least 32 MByte RAM, at least 1 GByte RAM, EXABYTE (or DAT) for Backups 2) Tektronix X terminals (XP-21, XP-23 or XP-29-CM). If you would like further explanations (eg. about problems with HP), send a short note. Stefan -- Stefan Esser, Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, Germany se@IKP.Uni-Koeln.DE [134.95.192.50] From @ois.db.toronto.edu:jdd@db.toronto.edu Wed Jun 5 11:58:48 1991 There's a certain amount of truth in the degradation claim. If one user runs a massively big job, all the users will notice. The binary compatibility claim is a red herring. You'll be doing all development on the HP 730; all the 700/RXs would be used for is X. So you really won't have to deal with multiple architectures very often. >I have HP telling me that even loading down the server with two X-terminals >would not bring the performance down to the SS2, and definitely not down to >the IPC's. They have also told me that there is no big deal having a >workstation with a CISC chip running off a RISC server, and I could put some >of their recently announced 425's if I really wanted local workstations. HP is absolutely correct. Sparc floating point isn't too bad. HP 730 floating point is *very good*, however. I/O performance on the IPCs will be terrible, since all I/O (except swapping/paging and /usr) would be going over the network to the fileserver. I/O performance on the SS2 will be good. Test the political waters very carefully. It may be that you don't have a choice. Make sure your boss is really allowing you to make a free choice, and isn't trying to shove a ready-made choice down your throat. >My own biases are towards HP. We have been an HP3000 customer for over 11 >years, and I have been very happy with their machinery and support. I chuckled >to myself about HPUX 8.05 getting shared libraries, because I have been using >them since Day 1. That's a fairly big point in favour of HP. I'd go the HP route, if you don't mind their longer shipping times (check with them to find out when your 730 would arrive), and if the maintenance costs are comparable. Reasons: Both configurations have roughly the same amount of CPU power, except that in the Sun configuration, it's divided among the various workstations. This makes it more difficult to take advantage of unused cycles, since a job running on one IPC can't take advantage of unused cycles on the SS2 or other IPC. Same for memory. Finally, I/O performance will be very inconsistent on the Sun side. On the IPCs, I/O will be poor. On the SS2, I/O will be good. If most of your workload is I/O-intensive, you'll be wasting your time with the IPCs. Finally, you seem to like HP as a company, and (I presume) are comfortable with HP/UX. HP/UX is the reason why *we* don't buy HPs; if that's not a problem with you, go the HP route. John -- John DiMarco jdd@db.toronto.edu or jdd@db.utoronto.ca University of Toronto, CSRI BITNET: jdd%db.toronto.edu@relay.cs.net (416) 978-1683 UUCP: uunet!utai!db!jdd From kd4nc!km4ba!alan@gatech.edu Wed Jun 5 12:48:46 1991 In comp.sys.hp you write: >DB and stats are mostly I/O intensive, and Sun is better than HP for I/O. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ be cautious about Blanket assumptions..... Comparing disk I/O involves many things. Some are: buffer cache size- My understanding is that Sun's allocate buffer cache dynamically using any free memory. HP allocates based on a kernel parameter. Thus: Single process I/O when you have lots of memory looks good on Suns. Heavy multi process with less memory available will not do as well. Bottom line- many HP boxes need to have buffer cache increased slightly, then perform as well as Sun in this area. I have known Sun to take advantage of this in competitive benchmarks. (Extra memory, few processes) HP is default configured for a conservative buffercache to allow maximum RAM for applications. With SIMM type cheap memory this is less of an issue. Which HP I/O? Low speed HPIB, High Speed HPIB, DIO SCSI, DIO-II SCSI? All have different thruput. There can be a factor of ten difference. Snakes & new 400's use fairly fast scsi. I would be suprised to see much difference in throughput on a properly configured system. (See buffercache discussion) Be cautious about quoted xfer rates from any vendor. It is very system config dependant. Most actual sustained thruput is nowhere near quoted "burst" rates. HP-PA (risc) systems tend to hold up better under heavy loadings than many workstations. The focus of many workstation vendors has been on single/low tasking scenarios. Many benchmarks and quoted specs reflect that. Remember HP-PA & the O/S has been tweaked for a heavy multi user environment. (Even at the HW cache level) Many lowend W/S product would turn in comparable single task oriented benchmarks as bigger HP-PA products. However, the performance "Knee" as you added processes was dramatically different. The X term scenario involves mainly multi task cpu perf and lan issues. Remember snakes & 8.?? were tuned for X usage. So were the new fast X terms. Play with them yourself. Do not let someone else's perceptions based on 1-2 yr old X-terminal & server technology make up your mind for you. I am biased towards HP. (I work for HP) However, I have been involved in benchmarks and competitive situations against Sparcs & RS/6000's where differences became obvious. I also had some unrealistic benchmarks that resulted in poor real world performance once installed. (IE: HP was not selected the first time , but was brought in later to replace the vendor who "won" the benchmarks.) Now, snakes perform well in both scenarios. (Fast graphics/X as well as decent multi user performance.) If snakes were the first HP-PA system on the market, I would be much more cautious. However, the main complaint about previous HP-PA systems was cost. That has been resolved with the snakes. But don't take my word for it, go try it out. Lay your hands on a config like what you are looking for, and kick off some compiles. My rule: Believe none of what you hear, and only half of what you see! Good Luck!!! Alan Barrow km4ba | I've seen things you people wouldn't believe. Attack jab@hpuerca.hp.com | ships on fire off the shoulder of Orion. I watched | C-beams glitter in the dark near the Tannhauser gate. ..!gatech!kd4nc! | All those moments will be lost in time - km4ba!alan | like tears in rain. Time to die. Roy Batty From jmr@Princeton.EDU Wed Jun 5 13:07:47 1991 From: James M. Roberts <jmr@Princeton.EDU> I manage the computers for the CS department at Princeton. Recently I ordered a HP 730 for my desk. Being a long time Sun user, I understand some of your dilemna. I used to dislike X-terminals, probably because Sun has a bias against them. With some X-terminal experience behind me, however, I prefer them, because I can move a user from one architecture to another and not have to change their monitor and keyboard. We run 70-80 X-terminals on our network, supported by a couple of DECstation 5000s (sort of Spark 2 equivalent), and I must say the X-terminals do very well. SAS on HP is far superior to SAS on a Sun. SAS has recently announced that they will port to HP before Sun, because they prefer the HP environment. The floating point will be MUCH faster. The throughput on the HP, from the viewpoint of X traffic or the ethernet, is much higher than the Sun. (I suppose it might depend on which model HP you are ordering ...) It's true that having local disks, everyone person having his own sun, is faster than going over a net, but the management hassle is also much greater. To support our 70-80 X-terminals, we have one /usr partition - which also supports about a dozen workstations. We have different /usr/local partitions for different architectures. Good luck on your choice! jmr@cs.princeton.edu From @stl.stc.co.uk:ag@crosfield.co.uk Wed Jun 5 14:15:21 1991 From: "Andrew R. Gray" <ag@crosfield.co.uk> In article <1991Jun4.164957.10585@hellgate.utah.edu> you write: Having worked with both HP and Sun kit over the last 8 years I tend to agree with your HP/X-Terminal solution. I've recently setup two X-terminals ( 3/50's running X-kernel actually ) hosted from a Sparcstation-1+, which also supports two other diskless Sparc1's. The performance of the X terminals is in the same league as the diskless sparc's, and the server isn't noticably affected by the X support - I haven't analysed the stats yet by my feeling is that the server ( which is on my desk, so I'd notice ! ) is actually responding better than when the two 3/50's were setup as diskless systems off of it. Your database to my mind is another nail in the coffin of the Sun approach. You don't say whether you propose using a database with proper network support ( E.g sybase ) or running it via NFS. If you're thinking of NFS can I advise you strongly against it - I have never seen a database that works properly ( I.E decent response times ) over NFS. The X-terminal approach effectively gives you another bitmapped display onto your HP-730 so the problem never arises. This incidently might prove to be a significant cost saving - you only need a single CPU licence for your database software. Clearly Sun have a point as regards heavy number crunching loading the CPU on the HP and in this respect X is a lot more resource hungry than NFS. I wouldn't worry too much about it though, in my opinion the X load is directly proportional to the computing ability of the user - only "power-users" will create a problem. Its sounds to me as though your Sun salesman is getting desperate ! On the relative reliabilty of the two camps, I personally place HP several streets ahead of Sun. The only time I have actually seen a HP machine fail was in a poorly ventilated factory environment - all the PCB's had obtained a nice thick coating of highly conductive carbon black ! On our network of 100+ Sun's there is usually at least one hardware failure a week. The same line of reasoning applies to disks - HP are generally reckoned to the one of the best in the world. As regards to compatiblity & 'co-operation' you should bear in mind that the next version of SunOS is actually System-V release 4 which will take Sun significantly closer to HP at and operating system level. I believe this is scheduled for release at the end of this year. I think your decision is really whether to go 'X' or multiple workstations - both vendors now have good products for both options. The best solution depends on the balance you'll have between number crunching and database I/O. I'd be interested to know what conclusion you finally come to. Andrew R. Gray, uucp: ag@cel.uucp -or- Senior systems support engineer, ag@crosfield.co.uk -or- Crosfield Electronics, ...!{mcsun,ukc,uunet}!cel!ag Three cherry trees lane, Hemel Hempstead, phone: +44 442 230000 ext 3850 Herts HP2 7RH fax: +44 442 232301 England. telex: 827530 CROSEL G From @ois.db.toronto.edu:jdd@db.toronto.edu Wed Jun 5 14:44:34 1991 From: jdd@db.toronto.edu Actually, we had an HP 720 here for demonstration purposes, and found it a very attractive piece of hardware. However, software was a little unstable, and HP/UX was a little difficult for us to live with, given our heavy dependance on BSD-derived stuff. Most of us decided to stick with Sun, but I have a warm spot in my heart for any company that can design a workstation as fast and as inexpensive as the HP 720/730. John -- John DiMarco jdd@db.toronto.edu or jdd@db.utoronto.ca University of Toronto, CSRI BITNET: jdd%db.toronto.edu@relay.cs.net (416) 978-1683 UUCP: uunet!utai!db!jdd From KRATZ@BNR.CA Thu Jun 6 06:31:17 1991 From: Geoffrey Kratz <KRATZ@BNR.CA> (G.) In article <3731@brchh104.bnr.ca> you write: >HELP!!! Well, I can try :-). >I have Sun telling me that X-terminals are not good for a development >environment, and that binary compatibility between all workstations is a >Good Thing. Hanging X-terminals will degrade performance for everyone on a big >run, while a separate workstation will not. This depends on the nature of the work you are doing. X-terminals are a good thing when you *have* to have multiple people on one workstation, because it gets the X server off of the host machine. As well, X-terminals can ease the system admin load, since you are only taking care of one machine. There is a non-obvious down-side to X-terminals: network traffic. If you have badly behaved X applications, then you could end up with a clogged network (and there are more badly behaved X applications than you might think). However, if you need the compute power for every user, and the compute server for the X-terminals isn't enough, then you will have to resort of having a workstation on every desk. The question to ask: what are the users/developers doing in particular? What is their work pattern? How big are their jobs? I would recommend getting demo units for both the HP and Sun configuration and testing them for speed. If the jobs are big, then you will likely want to go with a workstation on every desk. If the jobs are smaller, then sharing a machine between users would be one way to go. Having two different platforms isn't too bad. Having three will start to make things tricky, mainly because the 700's and 400's use slightly different OS's (even though they have the same name and version), and this will be painful. So, if you're going to revert to local workstations, why make life any tougher than it has to be? Putting 2 X-terminals on a 700 would likely drag it down a fair bit. As you mention further on, I/O on HP's is rather abysmal. Combine that with a pretty simple-minded paging scheme means you spend a lot of time waiting for the disk to spin. I would really recommend against putting more than 1 or 2 people on a 700 series (and no more than 1 on a 400). We put 2 on 9000/300's and 9000/400's now, and its pretty bad for performance, but most of the bottleneck is in the I/O, not the processor. Yes, databases are I/O intensive. In this case, the Sun's are likely to be faster than the HP's. HP still hasn't got their SCSI drivers right, and so they typically get sub-megabyte per second performance to their disks. Suns will get at least 3, and as much as 6 (depending on the disks). Stats, though, are likely to be FP intensive. The floating point on Suns is pretty bad, but you can get S-bus cards to improve that. Check any issue of SunExpert, UNIX Today! or UNIX World for ads. >My boss would like a good level of cooperation within the department, and it >seems that buying Sun would do that. It is something worth considering. Having all the machines the same means: - when things break, you know who to call and who's at fault, and don't have to go through finger-pointer exercises - you don't have to train people on two very different environments (and tear your hair out trying to keep them straight when you use them) - you don't have to worry too much about "portability" (neither is truly System V, POSIX or XPG, despite their claims. They're close, but not quite) Our experience is their 3000 support and development is different from their 9000 support and development. Our parent corporation (NT) has used 3000's for some time now, and has received excellent products and support for them. Our corporation (BNR) is largely 9000/300's and 9000/400's (about 1500 of them), and the products and support are average (ie: if you're used to typical workstation support, then they're about as good/bad as Sun; but support for UNIX workstations is currently pretty bad). HP is big enough that each "division" is somewhat unique, and I wouldn't judge the entire company's performance based on dealing with just one of small part. I don't know if this has helped. We deal with this sort of problem every day (my department consists of Suns, HP's, Macs and X-terminal users), and have yet to come up with a magic formula. If you can, get in demo units and test them. It's easier than "guessing" and hope that you don't guess wrong. Regards, Geoff -- Geoff Kratz Bell-Northern Research, Ltd. kratz@bnr.ca (OSI) Open Systems Ottawa Ontario Canada From auvsaff@auvsun1.tamu.edu Thu Jun 6 07:30:03 1991 From: auvsaff@auvsun1.tamu.edu (David Safford) I just recently evaluated configurations very similar to both of the options you mentioned - CPU server with 2 X terminals vs Disk server with 2 diskfull Sparcstation clients. There is no clear winner - both have advantages and disadvantages. CPU + 2 X terminals: Advantages: - rapid logon (don't have to wait for X11 startup!) - fast graphics (CPU is not tied up with drawing) - large applications/data do not have to be NFSed to clients, so apps start faster. Disadvantages: - one large CPU job will drastically affect ALL user's visible response times, as they all share the one CPU. Sun server + 2 diskfull SS: Advantages: - each user gets a dedicated CPU (other users cannot hog it!) - greater total CPU throughput (3 CPU, 3 disks) - greater disk/memory expandability - can do true client-server database Disadvantages: - slower startup of apps (if loaded across net) - slower logon (have to start up X11) - graphics competes with local CPU Comments: 1) Don't believe any vendor benchmarks. Period. Specmarks are reasonably valid for what they measure, but they are terrible predictors for many applications, particularly database. IBM claims 2-4 times better performance for its RS/6000 compared to the equivalent Suns. My own benchmarks, and independent database TPS (transaction per second) benchmarks, show the Suns to be equal to or faster than the IBM! I have no comparable data for HP, but don't blindly believe their claims that one HP > 3 suns -- I don't believe it for a second. MIPS are meaningless 2) The real tradeoff will be in the nature or your application. If it involves NFS access to large data files, the Sun clients will lose. If it is integer CPU intensive, the Xterminal version will have problems. dave safford system engineer department of computer science Texas A&M University auvsaff@auvsun1.tamu.edu From: IN%"broadley@schneider3.lrdc.pitt.edu" 5-JUN-1991 13:08:08.87 How did Sun substantiate the idea that the Sun is better than HP at I/O Sun told me lots of things that they had that were better, that either didn't apply to me or were very hard to substantiate. As far as my prices went the Sparc II wasn't much cheaper than the 730, and was half as fast. Is the Sun grey scale? The HP is, even in text applications sometimes it real nice to have a few shades of grey instead of dithering. What percentage of time do you expect users to be running mail, editing, other things besides running the DB? How are the IPC going to get to this large DB? Are they going to sequentially access the total DB over the net? The xterms will only have to transmit what goes to the screen over the net. When only one person is doing something intensive he will get 75 MIPS, how much will he get on a IPC, especially after moving large files over the net, or were you going to have 3 copies around. Sun claims to make better use of available RAM, when pressed they could give no details. I making an evaluation HP was much mroe supportive than Sun. You also might want to look at tektronics for xterms, they are very eager, and ready to deal. -Bill Broadley@schneider3.lrdc.pitt.edu From: Mikael Johansson CRC <mikaelj@hpustoa.hp.com> Hi, Let Me first tell You that I'll try to be objective even if my home is HP. I have worked for Sun as well and I have some knowledge about their systems as well. X-terminals are a burden for the server but the amount of X-terminals You have configured Your system with should be a piece of cake for a 730. I'm not sure about how You are going to have the Suns configured (discless, dataless or fullblown standalones) but the access over the network from the SS2 fileserver will degrade the overall performance especially on the IPC:s and the SS2 has to take care of the NFS-service which is a burden. Pls. consider the advantage of a singlepoint administration and ease of taking care of one system instead of three.If You are planning to have the IPC:s diskless,I can tell You that discless over NFS is SLOOOOWWWW. X-terminals together with a fast server like the 730 is a clean and easy- to-use system. The tests and the presentations We have seen on a 720 and two X-terminals has shown equal or better performance than a SS2.If I were You,I would let both us and Sun demo the performance.The 730 can be used to serve discless 425e:s and the discless performance is much better on a HP cluster than it is on a Sun cluster. You can also make the decision to use X-terminals now and upgrade to worksta- tions later and the plans for HP is to add lower-cost models of the 700-family in a not so distant future. The price/performance would most likely be out- standing on these workstations and they will be binary-compatible with the 730 if that's something You are worried about. First of all SAS Institute have signed an order to use the 700-series as the development-platform of the SAS-package.Sun has a dynamically growing file- system-buffers which can speed up the I/O especially during benchmarks when nothing else is running in the system.I have heard that we are considering implementing this as well.The new EISA SCSI-2 adapter and the new fast discs seems like a good deal.The UnixReview May 91 has a test of the 720 and I recom- mend that You buy a copy or try to loan a copy.The disk-test says and this is a quote: "The results for the 9000/720 are among the very best disk performance results We have seen to date" There is also figures comparing the 720 to SS2 and it looks very good. If You can't get a copy send Me a mail with Your fax# and I'll fax a copy of the test to You. > > My boss would like a good level of cooperation within the department, and it > seems that buying Sun would do that. > It's a very good point and the HP:s are going to co-exist as well as it can without being able to run SPARC-binaries. If the HP3000 is at the site You are working at right now it's nice to know that the terminal-windows under X11 on HP:s can be run as HP-terminals doing block-mode and all. I use that to some internal systems and it works great. > > What a quandrary! What am I missing? I'm running a 2 minute drill here, but > I hate making snap decisions! I am open to any and all comments (notice the > cross-posting). > I feel for You.It's not easy to make the right decision but I think that going with HP would be at least as good as any.I hope I have given You some input without the normal sale-talk.I'm sure that You can take it from here and it would be great to continue to have You as a customer. Best Regards and good luck, --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mikael Johansson Hewlett-Packard Sweden mikaelj@hpustoa.hp.com ____ .-~-. / \ _ ___o``\___________/ IBM \______/ Sun \___________________________ / \ V````\ @ @ . .. .. .- .. . .. .- .. .. .- _ .. -. ..-- (DEC) /.------------\___/--------\____/------------------------ \_/ >--_// HP Apollo 9000 series 700. Setting the pace in RISC-based `' workstation performance. From ajayshah%alhena.usc.edu@usc.edu Thu Jun 6 12:20:31 1991 From: ajayshah%alhena.usc.edu@usc.edu (Ajay Shah) My 2c worth: - Suns are indeed good on IO and weak on FP. But the HP spec-benchmarks lie. They have strange instructions oriented towards one of the SPECs and they have a fortran preprocessor which everyone will have soon enough. The performance seen is a combination of a basically good machine, one tweaked machine instruction and a good preprocessor idea. Of these the 1st is good, the 2nd is not and the 3rd will appear at the competition in no time. - HP doesn't have a good reputation in Silicon Valley as being a fast company. I would not bet on their ability to keep up with Sun over the next two years or so. A new chipset (by Sun) being announced at HotChips 3 is a real breakthrough. It took a while coming about, but it's good stuff. Yes, I think binary compatibility matters. I've got screwed porting simple things like shell scripts in life! -- _______________________________________________________________________________ Ajay Shah, (213)734-3930, ajayshah@usc.edu The more things change, the more they stay insane. _______________________________________________________________________________ From bt@inmic.se Thu Jun 6 16:51:45 1991 From: Bo Thide <bt@inmic.se> All the (HP *and* independent) benchmark comparisons between HP9000/700 and Sun SS2 I have seen show very clearly that HP is MUCH faster on all types of I/O. What are your data points? Bo bt@irfu.se From se@ikp.Uni-Koeln.DE Thu Jun 6 20:38:02 1991 From: se@ikp.Uni-Koeln.DE (Stefan Esser) >From your first message I know, that you are a satisfied HP customer. We got our HP 9000/835 more than two years ago, and while it was a fast machine (at that time) we soon noticed performance problems. It took some time until I found the reason in the extremely slow HP-IB drives and the kernel not being adapted to them. And now comes the real problem: While HP-UX is derived from BSD 4.3 (which I highly prefer over AT&T System V.3) HP made it look like a System V.2 system. That means, they took away all the capabilities and features not part of System V.2. (Well, not really, networking and the option to choose the BSD file system remained.) One example: The kernel is BSD, but you can't tune it the way its possible in BSD, because some parameters are hardcoded (with wrong values) into the kernel. The result is, that when there are several large applications (with the C compiler growing up to more than 30 MByte being one of them), the system tries to free some RAM by paging. But our I/O system's throughput is limited to 350 KByte (the max. I ever watched on the HP-IB). The system starts paging when there is nearly no free RAM left, but its to slow to free a reasonable amount of memory within few seconds. That is when the kernel decides the system to be overloaded and starts swapping. But that makes everything worse, because the problem already came from to much disc activity ! In the end the system swaps ALL processes. I can watch the system page in some at a low rate. The kernel doesn't page in the processes fast enough. Although there is only 1 Mbyte of RAM in use and 25 MByte free, the kernel considers the machine overloaded and swaps out the few processes that just got some pages paged in! I've watched this going on for more than ten minutes without being able to stop it. The only solution is to not allow any user action, to make sure all processes are in I/O wait and not being paged in. Then I try to kill the biggest background process (with my shell being paged in and swapped out, it takes up to half a minute to enter a command!). Once there is no process remaining who needs a lot of paging in, the situation returns to normal. Than the user can continue to work and everything is okay, 'til the next compiler run with optimization enabled ...:-(. The problem results from a coincidence of facts. 1) HP's aim is not to deliver a reliable and user friendly system, but to have their system being compatible to certain standards. While standards conformance isn't a bad thing, there are lots of things that aren't mentioned in any standard, but are important to system management or ease of use. The main advantage in standard conformance is portability of commercial software. But then its simpler to port to a real BSD or AT&T unix instead of HP-UX. (And I can tell you of problems in porting software to HP-UX that runs without problems on DECstations or Suns... See below...) 2) HP tries to prevent you from buying third party peripherals. We have 4 CS-80 drives with 300 MByte each. I had (naively) expected the system throughput to improve, with more drives connected. But then I realized the limit being the HP-IB ! While I'd consider the drives slow (~750KByte/sec), the bigger problem is the maximum bus capacity. We urgently needed a SCSI controller to connect faster drives. This controller is available within few month, since the time we ordered the machine. It was announced for the (hardware compatible) CIO 3000s one year ago, so the hardware seems to exist, but we couldn't get one. 3) We urgently need the SCSI controller to connect an EXABYTE drive to the system. We (and lots of other nuclear physics institutes) collect our experimental data on EXABYTEs. Now I've got to know, that HP has disabled EXABYTE support in the soon to be released HP-UX 8.05. This means that our 9000/835 is finally 'dead', without even *once* having been used to perform the task she was bought for! I understand, that HP supports DAT and is not interested in the spreading of EXABYTEs. We consider them superior to DAT (for what we need them for), but HP *knows better than we* what our needs are. 4) We bought our 9000/835 under the precondition that a special VMEbus interface be available. This was a top priority requirement, because of our analyser system being changed from a PDP 11 to a VME based real time system. After we got the system (without the VME interface) we were informed, that the development work was canceled. We had already paid for the interface (and we had to pretend it was already delivered), so we couldn't do much about it. The problem was, that HP sales had promised something absolutely unrealistic (the fast delivery of a non existing product), and the HP technicians couldn't help there after. (That happened to another physics institute in cologne university as well. HP sales promised certain features that were technically impossible, but you can't simply return the product if it doesn't work, because of the way its financed. If we had returned our HP 9000/835 when we noticed it to be unable to perform its task, there had been a big risk of the money being returned to the state, without giving us the choice to buy from another vendor. Maybe one or two years later ... But that is a problem of the state bureaucracy (sp?).) We finally got (more than one year delayed) a VMEbus interface, but its of no use because its only 10% of the required speed ... The problem in many cases was simply arrogance in the behaviour of HP. They offer some very good products, but that's no reason to prevent us from using anything HP doesn't offer (like EXABYTEs). HP doesn't consider some OS features important, but I do, because I've lots of trouble because of them missing. 2 weeks ago somebody from HP posted a reply to the request for variable sized partitions. He said, that HP sure had evaluated the possibility to offer var.sized partitions. But he didn't think people would pay for it, so it shouldn't be included in the OS. That's a very annoying opinion. I know of *no* other UNIX system that doesn't offer var.sized partitions. And they *were* part of the BSD unix, that is the base of HP-UX ! There were many times I *really* had needed them. We have lots of trouble with the HP-UX printer spool system (System V.2 compatible with extensions). One problem is the fact, that I can't put the spool directory on a partition of its own. That means, that it shares a common partition with user data! And that means that users filling the partition prevent everybody from printing because of lack of spool space. Originally the spool directory is on the root partition. But there are the mail and tmp directories and other growing directories as well and it wasn't big enough. On the machine that finally functionally replaced our HP 9000/835 (can you functionally *replace* something that was never operational ?), we have 4 1GByte drives, each of them partitioned in a non standard way. That gives me 4 16MByte partitions (for root, 2*tmp, spool) 4 swap areas and 4 900MByte partitions (for system + sources, user, 2*experimental data). This wouldn't have been possible with HP-UX because of missing flexibity. (Besides, we had got ONE 1GByte HP disc for the price of all FOUR we have...). There are other reasons, eg. missing system calls that make some common tasks hard. For example the renice sys.call misses (changing priority of running batch job), althoug all data structures exist. Its simply 20 lines of kernel source commented out. The same is true for adjtime(), which is required to adjust the times of networked systems. Somebody wrote a daemon process that patches the kernel variables (normally set by adjtime) to simulate the standard behaviour. Again the data structures are available, just the system call to access them is taken away. I was very supprised of the system time spent in servicing NFS requests. Many operations that don't result in more than 2-5% system time on other machines, need 20% and more in HP-UX. This is true especially for network operations NFS and X)! It takes our 9000/835 about 30 seconds to load a high res gif picture and put it on the root of our tektronix X terminals. Its about 10 times faster when I use a DECstation to load it onto the same display! I've several times noticed a transfer via ethernet to slow down to 10KByte/sec with the max being about 300K/sec. Between two DECstations I reliably get values of more than 900KByte/sec. Again: The problem is not the (very reliable) HP hardware. Its the habit of HP as a company, that knows what their customers need. They speak about the cost to implement features into their OS, which in fact already were there. I think that Sun is not only interesting because of the large support by 3rd party hard- and software, but also because they actively work on SunOS. (Sometimes the new release has nasty bugs, but you get patches via anon.ftp !). I've seen 3.5 MByte/sec disc throughput on a Sun Sparc through the file system, and while my DECstation can keep up with a 2.3MByte/sec SCSI disc when directly reading through the device driver, I only get 1.2MByte/sec on the same drive through the file system. This is mainly because of the work spent by Sun in improving the I/O system. (I know, HP has announced very high disc speeds for the new 9000/7xx, but I don't believe them 'til I've seen them.) I know, there will be Suns at least as fast as the Snakes before end of the year. When I had to choose a machine to be used instead of our HP, I decided to buy a DECstation 5000/200. Today, maybe I'd take a Sparc 2. The 350.000,-- DM (about $200,000.00) spent on the 9000/835 are wasted. It doesn't even work well as a machine to hang X terminals on, i think its because of the large overhead of TCP in HP-UX 7.0. We had really thought about asking HP to take it back, but it was impossible, because of the state funding and the conditions we got the money under. Sorry about my problems expressing my thoughts in english and for the explanation of facts that eventually are really of no importance (sp?) to you. I know of several unlucky HP customers. Maybe HP really knows, what *you* need. Then you might go and by their products. Its very clear, that we aren't going to buy any computers from HP within the next years. Anyway, get one server machine with lots of memory, connect fast X terminals to them and don't use the console as X terminal. (We don't use our DECstation as X display. In fact, we choose the cheapest black&white display and spent the difference in a further X terminal... If we use the DECstation console, the X server can easily consume 100% cpu, making the other users quite unhappy.) BTW: I didn't have a chance to see the HP RX/700 X terminals. But I think they might have a fan like the previous generation (X/700). Its often the case, that you get them shown in a noisy place (next to other computers harddiscs and fans). I consider the fan very annoying and choose X terminals without fan (after having used one with a relatively quiet fan for some weeks, it made a lot of difference, though). The tektronix X terminals we have, will become 25% faster with the next server release (announced for end june). That will make them faster than the RX/700, they will be fastest on the market again. If you want to have a look on them, be sure to try the XP-29-CM (1280x1024,256 colors) with the 17" Sony Trinitron (prices in germany, I'd expect it to be about $5,000 in the US). The cheapest version (XP-21,1280x1024,black&white) is not only really cheap (~$2,000) but also very fast, alot better than eg. a Sparc SLC. Ok, now its 4:20 in the morning, really time to go home ... Bye, Stefan -- Stefan Esser, Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, Germany se@IKP.Uni-Koeln.DE [134.95.192.50] From kd4nc!km4ba!alan@gatech.edu Fri Jun 7 00:46:42 1991 From: Alan Barrow <km4ba!alan@gatech.edu> Just a quick explanation: DIO is the "old" 16 bit I/O channel for 9000/S300's. OK for it's day, but pretty slow for disk I/O. (Works fine for printers, tapes, etc.) Much of the "HP=slow I/O" myth is from systems using this type of card. DIO-II is the 32 bit I/O channel used on 9000/300's & 400's in the last few years. It is a wider bus, and is much faster. In addition, many of the newer scsi & hpib cards are integral to the CPU, and do not use a "bus slot". These daughtercards are faster yet. The filesystems has been tweaked along the 6.5/7.0 timeframe for improved scsi I/O as well. (8.0 is shipping now) Note some low end config's intended for use as diskless workstations did not include high speed disk I/O on the base unit. This was sometimes exploited by competitors to show how "slow" HP disk I/O was. Current HP-IB is really not that bad with decent disks and a high perf card. SCSI is much more flexible, however and is really where HP (and others) are headed. So.. don't let file I/O scare you off on snakes & other current generation HP systems. Try it yourself! I think you will be pleased. Hope this helps you understand the DIO nonsense! :-) Good Luck! Alan Barrow From pjr@ariel.ucs.unimelb.EDU.AU Fri Jun 7 01:07:05 1991 From: Peter Rayner <pjr@ariel.ucs.unimelb.EDU.AU> Um, you have a problem here, you don't know how to compare the performances of the two machines because you don't know what you want to run on them. I don't know if it helps but there are lots of questions you haven't included like 1) multi-user performance (maybe not a problem) 2) quality of system software 3) future growth paths 4) hardware reliability If speed is your question then my guess would be there's not much in itsince most of the comments I've seen show a HP-700 as about 2xSS2 and the IPC about 0.5xSS2. The old result says it's always better to have one big machine for solving a problem instead of 3 smaller ones, after all that means you can dedicate all the resource to one problem if you want to at some time. Also think about how much time you want to spend administering and learning about your new machine, this will presumably be much lessened with a Sun since there is expertise on the ground. Overall I really couldn't offer advice, we bought Sun last time for our basic user needs and will probably buy HP next time (headless if we can) as a compute server. Neither choice will be disastrous I'm sure. From bt@irfu.se Fri Jun 7 04:33:21 1991 From: Bo Thide' <bt@irfu.se> You (Kevin Nechodom) write: > > My data is strictly anecdotal, both from Sun and independent people on campus. > My suspicion is that they are comparing against the old HPIB. The 700 series workstations don't come with HPIB. Below you find some I/O benchmarks on the slowest HP700 (the 720) with the pre-release OS HP-UX 8.01 (untuned compilers) and the fastest Sun (SparcStation 2) I got from the independent French Unix Users Group. I think you have to agree that they show that HP is a much better I/O performer than the SS2. Show this to your friends and ask for comments. I am interested to hear what they have to say since we are looking at the 700's very seriously. Bo -- ^ Bo Thide'-------------------------------------------------------------- |I| Swedish Institute of Space Physics, S-755 91 Uppsala, Sweden |R| Phone: (+46) 18-303671. Telex: 76036 (IRFUPP S). Fax: (+46) 18-403100 /|F|\ INTERNET: bt@irfu.se UUCP: ...!mcvax!sunic!irfu!bt ~~U~~ -----------------------------------------------------------------sm5dfw ------------------- HP9000/720 (Cobra): ------------------- Identification : HP9000/720 HP-PA 89 HP-UX 8.01 50 MHz 64 MB 2*200 MB SSBA 1.21F (27/02/89) run No. 4 : BEGIN at Fri Feb 22 14:44:45 WET 1991 Command C : cc -D_XPG2 -Wl,-a,archive +O3 I Command Fortran : f77 -Wl,-a,archive -O unix=hp-ux SVR3 define=-DTERMIO -DSysV Number of Processes running on the system when the SSBA starts = 22 machine = HP-UX cobra1 A.08.01J A 9000/720 15904141 (uname) whoami = root pty/ttyp2 Feb 22 14:36 value of HZ = 100 /* ticks = 100 (times method) */ (calculation) Number of processes available for the user= 254 disk: 10.000 Mb (512 bytes io) throughput 1492.37 Kbytes/sec 6.7 seconds Filesystem Throughput Test : File Size: 125 blocks Write: 835.8 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 55.8 Kb) Read: 12500.0 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Copy: 835.8 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 55.8 Kb) File Size: 250 blocks Write: 1706.4 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 68.7 Kb) Read: 12500.0 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Copy: 1219.4 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 612.8 Kb) File Size: 500 blocks Write: 2464.5 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 144.7 Kb) Read: 10000.0 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Copy: 2083.3 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) File Size: 1000 blocks Write: 2969.8 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 731.5 Kb) Read: 9090.9 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Copy: 2075.6 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 791.2 Kb) --------------------------- Sun SparcStation2 (Calvin): --------------------------- Identification : SPARCstation 2 (4/75) SPARC Cypress SunOS 4.1.1, Fortran 1.4, C 1.1 40 Mhz 16 Mo 669 Mo SCSI SSBA 1.21F (27/02/89) run No. 1 : BEGIN at Thu Nov 29 10:14:26 WET 1990 Command C : cc -O4 I Command Fortran : f77 -fast -O4 unix=BSD4.2 SVR3 define=-DVMUNIX -DBSD4v2 Number of Processes running on the system when the SSBA starts = 12 machine = SunOS taurus 4.1.1 1 sun4c (uname) whoami = root tty?? Nov 29 10:14 value of HZ = 60 /* ticks = 18000 (methode setrlimit) */ (calculation) Number of processes available for the user= 127 disk: 10.000 Mb (512 bytes io) throughput 714.26 Kbytes/sec 14.0 seconds Filesystem Throughput Test : File Size: 125 blocks Write: 407.0 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 13.1 Kb) Read: 6469.3 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 189.9 Kb) Copy: 442.9 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 21.7 Kb) File Size: 250 blocks Write: 310.9 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Read: 6466.5 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 97.4 Kb) Copy: 332.7 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 2.1 Kb) File Size: 500 blocks Write: 294.6 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Read: 6383.9 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 94.9 Kb) Copy: 303.3 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 11.0 Kb) File Size: 1000 blocks Write: 284.9 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.0 Kb) Read: 6369.9 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 70.7 Kb) Copy: 289.4 Kbytes per second (standard deviation 0.5 Kb) From johnny5!garvey@quick.com Fri Jun 7 09:03:02 1991 From: Joe Garvey <johnny5!garvey@quick.com> | | My department has at least 3 independent systems on Sun, and I am wanting an | HP 730. I have put together a system of one 730 server and two of the new | 700/RX monochrome X-terminals for about the same cost as 1 Sun SparcStation 2 | and 2 IPC's. The HP system would have about 1G on two disks (1 controller), | while the Sun system would have about 1.3G on two disks and 200Mb locally on | each workstation. Nice configuration. Sun is trying to confuse the issue (a tactic when they feel they've lost, and right now they are behind technically). The new HP machines are screamers. They have way more performance than Suns. I'm *VERY* familiar with HP's CISC workstations, and I know that HP specs conservatively, while Sun specs agressively. You're one the right track. You'll find that the easy of updating, the better perforance and reliablity, make the HP worth it. You'll also find that their software is very free of bugs compared to Sun. They're support is also better. The only down side, is software availablity. I have the extra time to spend on a Sun, and the availablity of software is an overriding issue. It sounds like you have fixed plans. If you can get the software, then you're proposed purchase only has one problem. They guys with Suns will want to use your machine. Hp's software availability will get dramatically better over the next 24 months too. A couple of years from now, I expect there will be no difference. Also, the HP is the next in the series of evolving workstations. It will be a viable architecture for years. Sun 2, (and my SS1+) are dead dodos. Sun will come out with an entirely new box for the next rev. Bying an SS2 now means near term obselence (sp?). Ask your boss how he's going to feel when everyone says scrap the SS2 in 12 months, and he's asked to pay for a new "better" one. Or if you have bean counters, ask what the effect is of a 24 month depreciation vs a 60 month depreciation will have on the dept's budget? These are probably realistic schedules. I had a group of HP cisc machines, *MUCH* less performance than your machine. My net also had X-terminals. You'll never notice the X-terminals. The actual issue is what is the performance in the terminal itself for running X. Ignore the machine issues. Putting 425s in will be much easier than than adding a Sun workstation. HP's dataless architecture is vastly superior to Suns. If you add more HP compute nodes, put local swap disks on. This is the one thing that can hurt you. It sucks up network bandwidth, and CPU server cycles, but this is independent of Sun/HP. Never have a diskless node, just a dataless node. The issue here is not file access, but swapping over the lan. It gives your system the "jerks". Everything stops to swap, then jerks forward. | I anticipate mostly database (don't know what yet) and stats (probably SAS) | applications. I have been told that Sparc floating point is abysmal, but that | DB and stats are mostly I/O intensive, and Sun is better than HP for I/O. I wouldn't bet on that for the new machines. The issue is the disks, not the machine. SAS will be floating point intensive. The HP is a clear winner here. The sparcs are closer to CISC in this area. | My boss would like a good level of cooperation within the department, and it | seems that buying Sun would do that. Nah. Six of one, half dozen of the other. They both run unix, tcp/ip, x11. | My own biases are towards HP. We have been an HP3000 customer for over 11 | years, and I have been very happy with their machinery and support. I chuckled That's probably why your boss is on your case. You've made the right call. Possibly for the wrong reasons. I've been involved with Sun and HP, with a configuration much like you describe. Like I said above, after a little while you'll find the Sun guys wanting access to the HP. PS. HP has ksh standard. :-) That's enough to give it my vote. PPS. Bash is a good imitation of ksh, if you run a Sun. Hope that helps. -- Joe Garvey uucp: sumax!quick!johnny5!garvey J5 Research internet: quick!johnny5!garvey@sumax.seattleu.edu Bothell, Wa., 98021 AT&T: 206-481-8023 If you got this far, you definitely to be congratulated! So, what did I do? I just put an HP 730 and 2 700/RX X-terminals on order. One of the clinchers, but by no means the only one, was the fact that SAS ordered hundreds of these stations for their own development. I figured that they have put their own corporate name on the line, and I could sure benefit from using the same platform, virtually guaranteeing that I will get the most up-to-date version available from them. Once again, I would like to thank all these respondents. You were all a tremendous help! Kevin Nechodom University of Utah CSSRD/STACC 420 Chipeta, Suite 220 Salt Lake City, UT 84108 nechodom@cc.utah.edu "Ok, I'm opinionated! So what!"