woodside@ttidca.TTI.COM (George Woodside) (02/19/88)
With all the discussion about the number of directory entries on a floppy, and the previous discussions about the serial numbers, I thought I'd post some (supposedly) accurate information about them. This is from a combination of the developer's documentation, MS-DOS documentation, and painful experience. The parameters which describe a floppy disk are stored in the first sector of the disk (the boot sector). The defaults of the more important ones, for a normal (desktop-formatted) diskette are: Sector 0 Boot sector (contains this data) Sector 1 - 5 First copy of the File Allocation Table (FAT) Sector 6 - 10 Second copy of the FAT Sector 11 - 17 Directory (room for 112 entries) Sector 18 - Data This information is permitted to vary from disk to disk, based on the parameters stored in the following bytes of the boot sector. WARNING # 1 - GEMDOS does not process all of these control parameters. WARNING # 2 - 16 bit valules are in byte swapped format. WARNING # 3 - I may be wrong. I may not even exist. Byte 0 - 2 Jump instruction for bootable disks 3 - 10 Operating System ID (GEMDOS uses 8-10 as a serial number) 11 - 12 Bytes per sector 13 - 13 Sectors per cluster 14 - 15 Reserved sectors (GEMDOS uses 1, no matter what this says) 16 - 16 Copies of FAT (GEMDOS uses 2, no matter what this says) 17 - 18 Size of directory in entries (they're 32 bytes each) 19 - 20 Number of sectors on the disk 21 - 21 Format ID (GEMDOS seems to ignore this, but I'm not sure) 22 - 23 Sectors in each copy of the FAT 24 - 25 Sectors per track 26 - 27 Number of sides used on this disk 28 - 29 Special reserved sectors (GEMDOS ignores this) GEMDOS always uses 1 sector for the boot, 2 copies of the FAT, and ignores the special reserved sector count, as far as I've been able to determine. Informed sources are welcome to supply any additional information. The serial number, used to help detect disk swaps, is stored in bytes 8-10. If the prototype boot sector function call (Protobt) passes the value -1L, it is supposed to leave the disk's serial number unchanged. If the value is in the range 0L - 0xffffffL, that value is assigned as the disk's serial number. If the value is 0x1000000, a serial number is randomly generated and assigned to the disk. Note that the desktop, and some of the formatting programs being distributed, tend to leave garbage in the unused bytes of the boot sector. And, for non-bootable disks, GEMDOS ignores the operating system ID, looking only at the serial number field. I haven't dabbled with bootable disks, so you-pays-yer-money-and-you-takes-yer-chances with them. Now, before you fire up that sector editor to go looking at the boot sector of your floppies, you may want to try the easy method: this simple program. It will look at the boot sector of a disk, and print the information in a more useable format than a sector dump. It will log the full operating system id, including the key bytes 8-10, then print the 24 bit value in 8-10 as unsigned long. That's the disk's serial number. Remember that much of this is unuseable for hard drives. The kludge deskey() is a quick look at the PATH environment variable. If a PATH is set, it assumes the program was triggered from a shell, and returns. If the PATH is a null string, it assumes that it was launched from the desktop, and waits for a keypress. This works with the configuration I use (MWC and Beckemeyer's C-Shell), but your mileage may vary. #include <disclaimer.h> I know that you think that you understood what you thought I said, but I'm not sure you understand that what you think I said may not be what I meant. table !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>? @ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_ begin 644 bootsec.arc M&@A"3T]44T5#+D, G@D %(0!CJ7%&L= ,+U1 8O*B@8* (" I45'Pz MH H03=Z0J<.FC(Z$!<2\>4-G3IDQ+L8DI,'0($*%)1V",%+'S1@Z:=ZXN0AIy M )$T<^"P"9,'A!DV;^# Z:F1(PB/+]_( 4$F#)TP"3VD/+FP(4(H<MZ<D1.Fx M39LR<BX>*:/T3!D04ER N+*1S)PT9,Y"6C'U(4JK#XDXM9CP@),W=LJT$0,6w M1 P8+ SGP'$C(8NZ":N:%$C0X.2!>$$D<3*$214B158F85)D2D(>=3%;5C Bv MC4LV=>*"X#&'#IF8+M#X,-CZ=>RS/%[F@5,F]V[6KL? 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