[net.general] THE PROMISE OF WORLD PEACE

vmc@mhuxj.UUCP (COUNTS) (07/09/86)

TO: The USENET Community

On October  24,1985,  the  Universal  House  of  Justice,  the  supreme
governing  body  of  the  Baha'i  Faith,  addressed  a statement to the
peoples of the world on the theme of world peace.

This statement was presented to the  Secretary-General  of  the  United
Nations  on  November  2, 1985, President Ronald Reagan on December 10,
1985, to more than 70 heads of  state,  to  a  great  many  leaders  of
academic, religious, national and international organizations.

The Baha'i Faith is an independent world religion.  "It  proclaims  the
necessity  and  the inevitability of the unification of mankind...  It,
moreover, enjoins upon its followers the primary duty of an  unfettered
search  after truth, condemns all manner of prejudice and superstition,
declares the purpose of religion to  be  the  promotion  of  amity  and
concord,  proclaims  its essential harmony with science, and recognizes
it as the foremost agency for the pacification and the orderly progress
of  human  society.   It unequivocally maintains the principle of equal
rights, opportunities and privileges for  men  and  women,  insists  on
compulsory  education,  eliminates  extremes  of  poverty  and  wealth,
abolishes the institution of priesthood, prohibits slavery, asceticism,
mendicancy  and  monasticism, prescribes monogamy, discourages divorce,
emphasizes the necessity  of  strict  obedience  to  one's  government,
exalts  any  work  performed  in  the spirit of service to the level of
worship, urges  either  the  creation  or  selection  of  an  auxiliary
international   language,   and   delineates   the  outlines  of  those
institutions that must establish and perpetuate the  general  peace  of
mankind."

Therefore, as a service to the USENET Community of the  world,  in  the
sincere  hope  that peace shall soon prevail among nations, governments
and peoples, among religions, races and all conditions of  mankind,  we
transmit to you "THE PROMISE OF WORLD PEACE"!

The statement will be posted in five parts.  This  is  the  first  part
with four more to follow.  Please restrict discussions to net.religion.

Thank You,
Mike Register
decwrl!dec-rhea!dec-ilm!register
register%ilm.DEC@decwrl

Bruce Limber
seismo!dolqci!bruce

Verbus M. Counts
ihnp4!mhuxj!vmc
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                      THE PROMISE OF WORLD PEACE




The Great  Peace  towards  which  people  of  goodwill  throughout  the
centuries  have  inclined  their  hearts,  of which seers and poets for
countless generations have expressed their vision, and for  which  from
age  to  age  the sacred scriptures of mankind have constantly held the
promise, is now at long last within the reach of the nations.  For  the
first  time  in  history it is possible for everyone to view the entire
planet, with all its myriad diversified peoples,  in  one  perspective.
World  peace is not only possible but inevitable.  It is the next stage
in the evolution of this planet--in the words  of  one  great  thinker,
"the planetization of mankind."

Whether  peace  is  to  be  reached  only  after  unimaginable  horrors
precipitated  by  humanity's  stubborn  clinging  to  old  patterns  of
behavior, or is to be embraced now by an act of consultative  will,  is
the choice before all who inhabit the earth.  At this critical juncture
when the intractable problems confronting nations have been fused  into
one  common  concern  for  the whole world, failure to stem the tide of
conflict and disorder would be unconscionably irresponsible.

Among the favorable signs are the  steadily  growing  strength  of  the
steps  towards  world  order taken initially near the beginning of this
century in the creation of the League of Nations, succeeded by the more
broadly  based  United  Nations Organization; the achievement since the
Second World War of independence by the majority of all the nations  on
earth, indicating the completion of the process of nation building, and
the involvement of these fledgling nations with older ones  in  matters
of  mutual  concern;  the consequent vast increase in cooperation among
hitherto isolated and antagonistic peoples and groups in  international
undertakings  in  the  scientific,  educational,  legal,  economic  and
cultural fields; the rise in recent decades of an unprecedented  number
of  international humanitarian organizations; the spread of women's and
youth movements calling for an end to war; and the spontaneous spawning
of  widening  networks of ordinary people seeking understanding through
personal communication.

The scientific and technological advance occurring  in  this  unusually
blessed  century  portend a great surge forward in the social evolution
of the planet, and indicate the means by which the  practical  problems
of  humanity  may  be solved.  They provide, indeed, the very means for
the administration of the complex life of a united world.  Yet barriers
persist.   Doubts,  misconceptions,  prejudices,  suspicions and narrow
self-interest beset nations and  peoples  in  their  relations  one  to
another.

It is out of a deep sense of spiritual  and  moral  duty  that  we  are
impelled  at  this  opportune  moment  to  invite your attention to the
penetrating insights first communicated to the rulers of  mankind  more
than  a  century  ago  by  Baha'u'llah, Founder of the Baha'i Faith, of
which we are the Trustees.

"The winds of despair," Baha'u'llah wrote,  "are,  alas,  blowing  from
every  direction,  and  the  strife that divides and afflicts the human
race is daily increasing.  The signs of impending convulsions and chaos
can  now  be  discerned, inasmuch as the prevailing order appears to be
lamentably  defective."   This  prophetic  judgement  has  been   amply
confirmed   by  the  common  experience  of  humanity.   Flaws  in  the
prevailing order are conspicuous in the inability of  sovereign  states
organized  as  United  Nations  to  exorcise  the  specter  of war, the
threatened collapse of the international economic order, the spread  of
anarchy  and terrorism, and the intense suffering which these and other
afflictions are causing to increasing millions. Indeed,  so  much  have
aggression  and  conflict come to characterize our social, economic and
religious systems, that many have  succumbed  to  the  view  that  such
behavior is intrinsic to human nature and therefore ineradicable.

With the entrenchment of this  view,  a  paralyzing  contradiction  has
developed  in  human  affairs.   On the one hand, people of all nations
proclaim not only their readiness  but  their  longing  for  peace  and
harmony,  for  an  end  to the harrowing apprehensions tormenting their
daily  lives.   On  the  other,  uncritical  assent  is  given  to  the
proposition  that  human beings are incorrigibly selfish and aggressive
and thus incapable of erecting a social system at once progressive  and
peaceful,  dynamic  and  harmonious,  a  system  giving  free  play  to
individual creativity and  initiative  but  based  on  cooperation  and
reciprocity.

As  the  need  for  peace  becomes  more   urgent,   this   fundamental
contradiction, which hinders its realization, demands a reassessment of
the  assumptions  upon  which  the  commonly  held  view  of  mankind's
historical predicament is based. Dispassionately examined, the evidence
reveals that  such  conduct,  far  from  expressing  man's  true  self,
represents a distortion of the human spirit. Satisfaction on this point
will enable all people to set  in  motion  constructive  social  forces
which,  because  they  are consistent with human nature, will encourage
harmony and cooperation instead of war and conflict.

To choose such  a  course  is  not  to  deny  humanity's  past  but  to
understand  it.   The  Baha'i Faith regards the current world confusion
and calamitous condition in human affairs as  a  natural  phase  in  an
organic  process leading ultimately and irresistibly to the unification
of the human race in a single social order whose boundaries  are  those
of the planet.  The human race, as a distinct, organic unit, has passed
through evolutionary stages analogous to  the  stages  of  infancy  and
childhood  in  the  lives  of its individual members, and is now in the
culminating period of its turbulent adolescence approaching  its  long-
awaited coming of age.

A candid acknowledgment that prejudice, war and exploitation have  been
the expression of immature stages in a vast historical process and that
the human race is today  experiencing  the  unavoidable   tumult  which
marks  its  collective  coming of age is not a reason for despair but a
prerequisite to undertaking the stupendous  enterprise  of  building  a
peaceful  world.   That  such  an  enterprise  is  possible,  that  the
necessary constructive forces do exist, that unifying social structures
can be erected, is the theme we urge you to examine.

Whatever suffering and turmoil the years immediately  ahead  may  hold,
however dark the immediate circumstances, the Baha'i community believes
that humanity can confront this supreme trial with  confidence  in  its
ultimate  outcome.   Far  from signalizing the end of civilization, the
convulsive changes towards which humanity is being  ever  more  rapidly
impelled  will  serve  to  release  the "potentialities inherent in the
station of man" and reveal "the full measure of his destiny  on  earth,
the innate excellence of his reality."

vmc@mhuxj.UUCP (COUNTS) (07/09/86)

                                   I

The endowments which distinguish the human race from all other forms of
life  are  summed  up in what is known as the human spirit; the mind is
its essential quality.  These endowments have enabled humanity to build
civilizations  and  to  prosper  materially.   But such accomplishments
alone have never satisfied the human spirit,  whose  mysterious  nature
inclines  it  towards  transcendence,  a  reaching towards an invisible
realm,  towards  the  ultimate  reality,  that  unknowable  essence  of
essences  called God.  The religions brought to mankind by a succession
of spiritual luminaries have been the primary link between humanity and
that  ultimate  reality,  and  have  galvanized  and  refined mankind's
capacity to achieve spiritual success together with social progress.

No serious attempt to set human affairs aright, to achieve world peace,
can  ignore  religion.  Man's perception and practice of it are largely
the stuff of history.  An eminent historian  described  religion  as  a
"faculty  of  human  nature."  That the "perversion of this faculty has
contributed to much of the confusion in society and  the  conflicts  in
and  between  individuals  can  hardly  be  denied. But neither can any
fair-minded observer discount the preponderating influence  exerted  by
religion  on  the  vital expressions of civilization.  Furthermore, its
indispensability to social order has repeatedly  been  demonstrated  by
its direct effect on laws and morality.

Writing of religion as a social force, Baha'u'llah said:  "Religion  is
the  greatest  of all means for the establishment of order in the world
and for the peaceful contentment of all that dwell therein."  Referring
to  the  eclipse or corruption of religion, he wrote:  "Should the lamp
of religion be obscured, chaos and confusion will ensue, and the lights
of fairness, of justice, of tranquillity and peace cease to shine."  In
an enumeration of such consequences the Baha'i writings point out  that
the  "perversion of human nature, the degradation of human conduct, the
corruption and dissolution of human  institutions,  reveal  themselves,
under  such  circumstances,  in their worst and most revolting aspects.
Human character  is  debased,  confidence  is  shaken,  the  nerves  of
discipline  are  relaxed, the voice of human conscience is stilled, the
sense of decency  and  shame  is  obscured,  conceptions  of  duty,  of
solidarity,  of  reciprocity  and  loyalty  are distorted, and the very
feeling of peacefulness, of joy and of hope is gradually extinguished."

If, therefore, humanity has come to a point of paralyzing  conflict  it
must  look  to  itself,  to  its own negligence, to the siren voices to
which it has listened, for the  source  of  the  misunderstandings  and
confusion  perpetrated  in  the  name of religion.  Those who have held
blindly and selfishly to their particular orthodoxies, who have imposed
on  their  votaries  erroneous  and  conflicting interpretations of the
pronouncements of the Prophets of God, bear  heavy  responsibility  for
this  confusion-a  confusion  compounded  by  the  artificial  barriers
erected between faith and reason, science  and  religion.  For  from  a
fair-minded examination of the actual utterances of the Founders of the
great religions, and of the social milieus in which they  were  obliged
to   carry  out  their  missions,  there  is  nothing  to  support  the
contentions and  prejudices  deranging  the  religious  communities  of
mankind and therefore all human affairs.

The teaching that we should treat others as we ourselves would wish  to
be  treated,  an  ethic  variously repeated in all the great religions,
lends force to this latter observation in two particular respects:   it
sums  up  the  moral  attitude,  the  peace-inducing  aspect, extending
through these religions irrespective of their place or time of  origin;
it also signifies an aspect of unity which is their essential virtue, a
virtue mankind  in  its  disjointed  view  of  history  has  failed  to
appreciate.

Had humanity seen the Educators of its collective  childhood  in  their
true  character, as agents of one civilizing process, it would no doubt
have reaped incalculably greater benefits from the  cumulative  effects
of their successive missions.  This, alas, it failed to do.

The resurgence of fanatical religious fervor occurring  in  many  lands
cannot be regarded as more than a dying convulsion.  The very nature of
the violent and disruptive phenomena associated with  it  testifies  to
the  spiritual  bankruptcy  it represents. Indeed, one of the strangest
and saddest features of the current outbreak of religious fanaticism is
the  extent  to  which,  in  each  case, it is undermining not only the
spiritual values which are conducive to the unity of mankind  but  also
those unique moral victories won by the particular religion it purports
to serve.

However vital a force religion has been in the history of mankind,  and
however   dramatic   the   current  resurgence  of  militant  religious
fanaticism, religion and religious institutions have, for many decades,
been  viewed by increasing numbers of people as irrelevant to the major
concerns of the modern world.  In its place they have turned either  to
the hedonistic pursuit of material satisfactions or to the following of
man-made ideologies designed to rescue society from the  evident  evils
under which it groans.  All too many of these ideologies, alas, instead
of embracing the concept of the oneness of mankind  and  promoting  the
increase  of  concord among different peoples, have tended to deify the
state, to subordinate the rest of mankind to one nation, race or class,
to  attempt  to suppress all discussion and interchange of ideas, or to
callously abandon starving millions  to  the  operations  of  a  market
system  that  all too clearly is aggravating the plight of the majority
of mankind, while enabling small sections to live  in  a  condition  of
affluence scarcely dreamed of by our forebears.

How tragic is the record of the substitute faiths that the  worldlywise
of  our  age  have  created.   In the massive disillusionment of entire
populations who have been taught to worship at their altars can be read
history's  irreversible  verdict  on  their  value.  The  fruits  these
doctrines have produced after decades of an  increasingly  unrestrained
exercise of power by those who owe their ascendancy in human affairs to
them, are the social and economic ills that blight every region of  our
world  in  the  closing years of the twentieth century.  Underlying all
these outward afflictions is the  spiritual  damage  reflected  in  the
apathy  that  has gripped the mass of the peoples of all nations and by
the extinction  of  hope  in  the  hearts  of  deprived  and  anguished
millions.

The time has come when those who  preach  the  dogmas  of  materialism,
whether  of  the  east or the west, whether of capitalism or socialism,
must give account of  the  moral  stewardship  they  have  presumed  to
exercise.   Where  is  the  "new  world"  promised by these ideologies?
Where is the international peace to whose ideals  they  proclaim  their
devotion?   Where  are  the  breakthroughs  into new realms of cultural
achievement produced by the aggrandizement of this race, of that nation
or  of  a  particular  class?   Why is the vast majority of the world's
peoples sinking ever deeper into hunger and wretchedness when wealth on
a  scale  undreamed  of  by  the  Pharaohs,  the  Caesars,  or even the
imperialist powers of the nineteenth century is at the disposal of  the
present arbiters of human affairs?

Most particularly, it is in the glorification of material pursuits,  at
once  the progenitor and common feature of all such ideologies, that we
find the roots which  nourish  the  falsehood  that  human  beings  are
incorrigibly  selfish  and aggressive.  It is here that the ground must
be cleared for the building of a new world fit for our descendants.

That materialistic ideals have, in the light of experience,  failed  to
satisfy  the needs of mankind calls for an honest acknowledgment that a
fresh effort must now be made to find the solutions  to  the  agonizing
problems  of  the planet.  The intolerable conditions pervading society
bespeak a common failure of all, a circumstance which tends  to  incite
rather  than relieve the entrenchment on every side.  Clearly, a common
remedial effort is urgently required.  It  is  primarily  a  matter  of
attitude.   Will  humanity  continue  in  its  waywardness,  holding to
outworn concepts and unworkable  assumptions?   Or  will  its  leaders,
regardless  of  ideology, step forth and, with a resolute will, consult
together in a united search for appropriate solutions?

Those who care for the future of the human race may  well  ponder  this
advice.   "If  long-cherished  ideals and time-honored institutions, if
certain social  assumptions  and  religious  formulae  have  ceased  to
promote  the  welfare  of  the generality of mankind, if they no longer
minister to the needs of a continually evolving humanity, let  them  be
swept  away  and  relegated  to  the limbo of obsolescent and forgotten
doctrines.  Why should these, in a world subject to the  immutable  law
of  change  and decay, be exempt from the deterioration that must needs
overtake every human institution?  For legal standards,  political  and
economic  theories  are  solely  designed to safeguard the interests of
humanity as  a  whole,  and  not  humanity  to  be  crucified  for  the
preservation of the integrity of any particular law or doctrine."

vmc@mhuxj.UUCP (COUNTS) (07/09/86)

                                  II

Banning nuclear weapons,  prohibiting  the  use  of  poison  gases,  or
outlawing  germ warfare will not remove the root causes of war. However
important such practical measures obviously  are  as  elements  of  the
peace process, they are in themselves too superficial to exert enduring
influence. Peoples are ingenious enough to invent yet  other  forms  of
warfare,  and  to  use  food, raw materials, finance, industrial power,
ideology, and terrorism to subvert one another in an endless quest  for
supremacy and dominion.  Nor can the present massive dislocation in the
affairs of humanity be resolved  through  the  settlement  of  specific
conflicts   or   disagreements  among  nations.   A  genuine  universal
framework must be adopted.

Certainly, there is no lack of recognition by national leaders  of  the
worldwide  character  of  the  problem,  which  is  self-evident in the
mounting  issues  that  confront  them  daily.   And  there   are   the
accumulating  studies  and  solutions  proposed  by  many concerned and
enlightened groups as well as by agencies of  the  United  Nations,  to
remove  any possibility of ignorance as to the challenging requirements
to be met.  There is, however, a paralysis of will; and it is this that
must be carefully examined and resolutely dealt with. This paralysis is
rooted,  as  we  have  stated,  in  a  deep-seated  conviction  of  the
inevitable  quarrelsomeness of mankind, which has led to the reluctance
to entertain the possibility of subordinating national self-interest to
the  requirements  of  world  order,  and  in  an unwillingness to face
courageously the far-reaching implications  of  establishing  a  united
world  authority.   It  is  also traceable to the incapacity of largely
ignorant and subjugated masses to articulate their  desire  for  a  new
order  in which they can live in peace, harmony and prosperity with all
humanity.


The tentative steps towards world order, especially since World War II,
give  hopeful  signs.  The  increasing tendency of groups of nations to
formalize relationships which enable them to cooperate  in  matters  of
mutual  interest  suggests  that  eventually all nations could overcome
this paralysis. The  Association  of  South  East  Asian  Nations,  the
Caribbean  Community  and  Common  Market,  the Central American Common
Market, the  Council  for  Mutual  Economic  Assistance,  the  European
Communities,  the  League  of  Arab States, the Organization of African
Unity, the Organization of American States, the South  Pacific  Forum--
all  the  joint endeavors represented by such organizations prepare the
path to world order.

The increasing attention being focused on some of the most  deep-rooted
problems  of  the  planet  is  yet  another  hopeful sign.  Despite the
obvious shortcomings of the United Nations, the  more  than  two  score
declarations  and  conventions adopted by that organization, even where
governments have not been enthusiastic in their commitment, have  given
ordinary  people  a  sense  of  a  new  lease  on  life.  The Universal
Declaration of Human Rights,  the  Convention  on  the  Prevention  and
Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, and the similar measures concerned
with eliminating all forms of discrimination based  on  race,  sex,  or
religious  belief;  upholding  the  rights of the child; protecting all
persons against being subjected  to  torture;  eradicating  hunger  and
malnutrition;  using  scientific  and  technological  progress  in  the
interest of peace and the benefit of  mankind--all  such  measures,  if
courageously  enforced  and  expanded,  will  advance  the day when the
specter of war will have  lost  its  power  to  dominate  international
relations.  There  is  no need to stress the significance of the issues
addressed by these declarations and conventions. However,  a  few  such
issues,  because  of  their  immediate  relevance to establishing world
peace, deserve additional comment.

Racism, one of the most  baneful  and  persistent  evils,  is  a  major
barrier  to  peace. Its practice perpetrates too outrageous a violation
of the dignity of human beings to be countenanced  under  any  pretext.
Racism  retards  the  unfoldment of the boundless potentialities of its
victims,  corrupts  its  perpetrators,  and  blights  human   progress.
Recognition of the oneness of mankind, implemented by appropriate legal
measures, must be universally upheld if this problem is to be overcome.

The inordinate disparity between rich  and  poor,  a  source  of  acute
suffering,  keeps the world in a state of instability, virtually on the
brink  of  war.   Few  societies  have  dealt  effectively  with   this
situation.   The   solution  calls  for  the  combined  application  of
spiritual, moral, and practical approaches. A fresh look at the problem
is  required,  entailing consultation with experts from a wide spectrum
of disciplines,  devoid  of  economic  and  ideological  polemics,  and
involving  the  people  directly  affected  in  the decisions that must
urgently be made. It is an issue that is bound up  not  only  with  the
necessity  for  eliminating the extremes of wealth and poverty but also
with those spiritual verities the understanding of which can produce  a
new  universal  attitude.  Fostering such an attitude is itself a major
part of the solution.

Unbridled nationalism, as distinguished  from  a  sane  and  legitimate
patriotism,  must  give way to a wider loyalty, to the love of humanity
as a whole. Baha'u'llah  's  statement  is:  ``the  earth  is  but  one
country, and mankind its citizens." The concept of world citizenship is
a direct  result  of  the  contraction  of  the  world  into  a  single
neighborhood  through  scientific  advances  and  of  the  indisputable
interdependence of nations. Love of all the world's  peoples  does  not
exclude  love  of  one's  country. The advantage of the part in a world
society is best served by promoting the advantage of the whole. Current
international   activities  in  various  fields  which  nurture  mutual
affection and a sense of solidarity among peoples need  greatly  to  be
increased.

Religious strife, throughout history, has been the cause of innumerable
wars  and  conflicts,  a  major blight to progress, and is increasingly
abhorrent to the people of all faiths and no faith.  Followers  of  all
religions must be willing to face the basic questions which this strife
raises, and to arrive  at  clear  answers.   How  are  the  differences
between  them  to  be  resolved,  both  in  theory and in practice? The
challenge facing the religious leaders of mankind  is  to  contemplate,
with  hearts  filled  with  the  spirit  of compassion and a desire for
truth, the plight of humanity,  and  to  ask  themselves  whether  they
cannot,  in  humility  before  their  Almighty  Creator, submerge their
theological differences in a great spirit of  mutual  forbearance  that
will  enable  them  to  work  together  for  the  advancement  of human
understanding and peace.

The emancipation of women, the achievement of full equality between the
sexes,   is  one  of  the  most  important,  though  less  acknowledged
prerequisites of peace. The denial  of  such  equality  perpetrates  an
injustice  against  one  half of the world's population and promotes in
men harmful attitudes and habits that are carried from  the  family  to
the  workplace,  to  political  life,  and  ultimately to international
relations. There are no grounds, moral, practical, or biological,  upon
which  such  denial  can  be justified. Only as women are welcomed into
full partnership in all fields of human endeavor  will  the  moral  and
psychological  climate  be  created  in  which  international peace can
emerge.

The cause of universal education, which has  already  enlisted  in  its
service  an  army  of  dedicated  people  from  every faith and nation,
deserves the utmost support that the governments of the world can  lend
it.  For ignorance is indisputably the principal reason for the decline
and fall of peoples and the perpetration of prejudice.  No  nation  can
achieve  success unless education is accorded all its citizens. Lack of
resources limits the ability of many nations to fulfill this necessity,
imposing   a  certain  ordering  of  priorities.   The  decision-making
agencies involved would do well to consider giving  first  priority  to
the  education of women and girls, since it is through educated mothers
that the benefits of knowledge can  be  most  effectively  and  rapidly
diffused  throughout  society.  In keeping with the requirements of the
times, consideration should also be given to teaching  the  concept  of
world citizenship as part of the standard education of every child.

A  fundamental  lack  of  communication   between   peoples   seriously
undermines  efforts  towards  world  peace.  Adopting  an international
auxiliary  language  would  go  far  to  resolving  this  problem   and
necessitates the most urgent attention.

Two points bear emphasizing in  all  these  issues.  One  is  that  the
abolition  of  war  is  not  simply  a  matter  of signing treaties and
protocols; it is a complex task requiring a new level of commitment  to
resolving  issues not customarily associated with the pursuit of peace.
Based on political agreements alone, the idea of collective security is
a  chimera.  The  other  point is that the primary challenge in dealing
with issues of peace is to raise the context to the level of principle,
as  distinct from pure pragmatism. For, in essence, peace stems from an
inner state supported by a spiritual  or  moral  attitude,  and  it  is
chiefly  in  evoking  this  attitude  that  the possibility of enduring
solutions can be found.

There are spiritual principles, or what some people call human  values,
by  which  solutions  can be found for every social problem.  Any well-
intentioned group can in a general sense devise practical solutions  to
its  problems,  but good intentions and practical knowledge are usually
not enough. The essential merit of spiritual principle is that  it  not
only  presents  a  perspective  which  harmonizes  with  that  which is
immanent in human nature, it also induces an  attitude,  a  dynamic,  a
will,  an aspiration, which facilitate the discovery and implementation
of practical measures.  Leaders of governments  and  all  in  authority
would  be  well served in their efforts to solve problems if they would
first seek to identify the principles involved and then  be  guided  by
them.

vmc@mhuxj.UUCP (COUNTS) (07/09/86)

                                  III


The primary question to be resolved is how the present world, with  its
entrenched  pattern of conflict, can change to a world in which harmony
and cooperation will prevail.

World order can be founded only on an unshakeable consciousness of  the
oneness  of  mankind,  a  spiritual  truth which all the human sciences
confirm. Anthropology, physiology, psychology, recognize only one human
species,  albeit  infinitely  varied  in the secondary aspects of life.
Recognition of this truth requires abandonment of  prejudice--prejudice
of  every  kind--race,  class,  color,  creed,  nation,  sex, degree of
material civilization, everything  which  enables  people  to  consider
themselves superior to others.

Acceptance  of  the  oneness  of  mankind  is  the  first   fundamental
prerequisite  for reorganization and administration of the world as one
country, the home of humankind. Universal acceptance of this  spiritual
principle  is  essential  to  any successful attempt to establish world
peace.  It  should  therefore  be  universally  proclaimed,  taught  in
schools, and constantly asserted in every nation as preparation for the
organic change in the structure of society which it implies.

In the Baha'i view, recognition of the oneness of mankind  " calls  for
no  less  than the reconstruction and the demilitarization of the whole
civilized world--a world  organically  unified  in  all  the  essential
aspects of its life, its political machinery, its spiritual aspiration,
its trade and finance, its script and language, and yet infinite in the
diversity of the national characteristics of its federated units."

Elaborating the implications of this pivotal principle, Shoghi Effendi,
the  Guardian  of the Baha'i Faith, commented in 1931 that:  ``Far from
aiming  at  the  subversion  of the  existing  foundations of  society,
it  seeks  to broaden its basis, to remold its institutions in a manner
consonant with the needs of an ever-changing  world.  It  can  conflict
with   no  legitimate  allegiances,  nor  can  it  undermine  essential
loyalties. Its purpose is neither to stifle the flame  of  a  sane  and
intelligent  patriotism  in  men's hearts, nor to abolish the system of
national autonomy so essential if the evils of excessive centralization
are to be avoided. It does not ignore, nor does it attempt to suppress,
the diversity of ethnical origins, of climate, of history, of  language
and tradition, of thought and habit, that differentiate the peoples and
nations of the world. It calls  for  a  wider  loyalty,  for  a  larger
aspiration  than  any that has animated the human race. It insists upon
the subordination of national impulses and interests to the  imperative
claims  of  a  unified world. It repudiates excessive centralization on
one hand, and disclaims all attempts at uniformity on  the  other.  Its
watchword is unity in diversity. . . ."

The achievement of such ends requires several stages in the  adjustment
of  national  political  attitudes,  which  now verge on anarchy in the
absence of clearly defined laws or universally accepted and enforceable
principles  regulating the relationships between nations. The League of
Nations, the United Nations, and the many organizations and  agreements
produced  by  them have unquestionably been helpful in attenuating some
of the negative effects of international conflicts, but they have shown
themselves  incapable of preventing war. Indeed, there have been scores
of wars since the end of the Second World War; many are yet raging.

The predominant aspects of this problem  had  already  emerged  in  the
nineteenth  century  when  Baha'u'llah first advanced his proposals for
the establishment of world peace. The principle of collective  security
was  propounded  by  him  in  statements addressed to the rulers of the
world. Shoghi Effendi commented on his meaning:  "What else could these
weighty  words  signify",  he  wrote,    "if  they did not point to the
inevitable  curtailment  of  unfettered  national  sovereignty  as   an
indispensable  preliminary  to the formation of the future Commonwealth
of all the nations of the world? Some form of a world super-state  must
needs be evolved, in whose favor all the nations of the world will have
willingly ceded every claim to  make  war,  certain  rights  to  impose
taxation  and  all rights to maintain armaments, except for purposes of
maintaining internal order within their  respective  dominion.  Such  a
state  will have to include within its orbit an International Executive
adequate to enforce supreme  and  unchallengeable  authority  on  every
recalcitrant  member  of  the  commonwealth;  a  World Parliament whose
members shall be elected by the people in  their  respective  countries
and  whose election shall be confirmed by their respective governments;
and a Supreme Tribunal whose judgement will have a binding effect  even
in  such cases where the parties concerned did not voluntarily agree to
submit their case to its consideration.

"A world community in  which  all  economic  barriers  will  have  been
permanently  demolished  and  the  interdependence of capital and labor
definitely recognized; in which the clamor of religious fanaticism  and
strife  will  have  been  forever stilled; in which the flame of racial
animosity will have been finally extinguished; in which a  single  code
of  international  law--the  product of the considered judgement of the
world's federated  representatives--shall  have  as  its  sanction  the
instant  and  coercive  intervention  of  the  combined  forces  of the
federated units; and finally a world community in which the fury  of  a
capricious  and  militant nationalism will have been transmuted into an
abiding consciousness of world citizenship--such  indeed,  appears,  in
its  broadest  outline,  the Order anticipated by Baha'u'llah, an Order
that shall come to be  regarded  as  the  fairest  fruit  of  a  slowly
maturing age."

The implementation of these  far-reaching  measures  was  indicated  by
Baha'u'llah:  "The time must come when the imperative necessity for the
holding  of  a  vast,  an  all-embracing  assemblage  of  men  will  be
universally  realized.  The  rulers  and  kings of the earth must needs
attend it, and, participating in its deliberations, must consider  such
ways  and  means as will lay the foundations of the world's Great Peace
amongst men."

The courage, the resolution, the pure motive, the selfless love of  one
people  for another--all the spiritual and moral qualities required for
effecting this momentous step towards peace are focused on the will  to
act.  And  it  is  towards arousing the necessary volition that earnest
consideration must be given to the reality of man, namely, his thought.
To  understand  the  relevance  of  this  potent  reality  is  also  to
appreciate the social necessity of actualizing its unique value through
candid,  dispassionate and cordial consultation, and of acting upon the
results of this process.  Baha'u'llah insistently drew attention to the
virtues   and  indispensability  of  consultation  for  ordering  human
affairs.  He  said:   "Consultation  bestows  greater   awareness   and
transmutes conjecture into certitude. It is a shining light which, in a
dark world, leads the way and guides. For everything there is and  will
continue  to  be  a station of perfection and maturity. The maturity of
the gift of understanding is made manifest through  consultation."  The
very  attempt  to  achieve  peace  through  the  consultative action he
proposed can release such a salutary spirit among the  peoples  of  the
earth that no power could resist the final, triumphal outcome.

Concerning the proceedings for this world gathering, 'Abdu'l-Baha,  the
son of Baha'u'llah and authorized interpreter of his teachings, offered
these insights: "They must make  the  Cause  of  Peace  the  object  of
general  consultation,  and  seek  by  every  means  in  their power to
establish a Union of the nations of the world.  They  must  conclude  a
binding  treaty and establish a covenant, the provisions of which shall
be sound, inviolable and definite. They must proclaim  it  to  all  the
world  and  obtain  for  it  the  sanction  of all the human race. This
supreme and noble undertaking--the real source of the peace  and  well-
being  of all the world--should be regarded as sacred by all that dwell
on earth. All the forces of humanity must be mobilized  to  ensure  the
stability  and  permanence  of  this  Most Great Covenant. In this all-
embracing Pact the limits and frontiers of each and every nation should
be   clearly   fixed,   the  principles  underlying  the  relations  of
governments  towards  one  another  definitely  laid  down,   and   all
international  agreements  and obligations ascertained. In like manner,
the size of the  armaments  of  every  government  should  be  strictly
limited, for if the preparations for war and the military forces of any
nation should be allowed to increase, they will arouse the suspicion of
others. The fundamental principle underlying this solemn Pact should be
so  fixed  that  if  any  government  later  violate  any  one  of  its
provisions,  all  the governments on earth should arise to reduce it to
utter submission, nay the human race as a whole  should  resolve,  with
every  power  at its disposal, to destroy that government.  Should this
greatest of all remedies be applied to the sick body of the  world,  it
will assuredly recover from its ills and will remain eternally safe and
secure."

The holding of this mighty convocation is long overdue.

With all the ardor of our hearts, we  appeal  to  the  leaders  of  all
nations  to  seize this opportune moment and take irreversible steps to
convoke this world meeting. All the forces of history impel  the  human
race  towards  this  act  which  will mark for all time the dawn of its
long-awaited maturity.

Will not the United Nations, with the full support of  its  membership,
rise to the high purposes of such a crowning event?

Let men and women, youth and children everywhere recognize the  eternal
merit  of  this  imperative  action  for  all peoples and lift up their
voices in willing assent.  Indeed,  let  it  be  this  generation  that
inaugurates  this glorious stage in the evolution of social life on the
planet.

vmc@mhuxj.UUCP (COUNTS) (07/09/86)

                                  IV


The source of the  optimism  we  feel  is  a  vision  transcending  the
cessation  of  war  and  the  creation  of  agencies  of  international
cooperation. Permanent peace among nations is an essential  stage,  but
not,  Baha'u'llah  asserts, the ultimate goal of the social development
of humanity. Beyond the initial armistice forced upon the world by  the
fear  of  nuclear  holocaust,  beyond  the  political peace reluctantly
entered into by suspicious rival nations, beyond pragmatic arrangements
for  security  and  coexistence,  beyond  even  the many experiments in
cooperation which these steps will  make  possible  lies  the  crowning
goal:  the unification of all the peoples of the world in one universal
family.

Disunity is a danger that the nations and peoples of the earth  can  no
longer  endure;  the  consequences are too terrible to contemplate, too
obvious to require any  demonstration.  "The  well-being  of  mankind,"
Baha'u'llah wrote more than a century ago, "its peace and security, are
unattainable unless and until its  unity  is  firmly  established."  In
observing  that  "mankind is groaning, is dying to be led to unity, and
to terminate its agelong martyrdom," Shoghi Effendi  further  commented
that: "Unification of the whole of mankind is the hallmark of the stage
which human society is now approaching. Unity of family, of  tribe,  of
city-state  and  nation  have  been  successively  attempted  and fully
established. World unity is the goal towards which a harassed  humanity
is  striving.  Nation-building has come to an end. The anarchy inherent
in state sovereignty is moving towards a climax. A  world,  growing  to
maturity, must abandon this fetish, recognize the oneness and wholeness
of human relationships, and establish once for all the  machinery  that
can best incarnate this fundamental principle of its life."

All contemporary forces of change validate this view. The proofs can be
discerned  in  the  many  examples already cited of the favorable signs
towards  world   peace   in   current   international   movements   and
developments.  The  army  of  men and women, drawn from virtually every
culture, race and nation on earth, who serve the multifarious  agencies
of  the  United  Nations,  represent  a planetary "civil service" whose
impressive accomplishments are indicative of the degree of  cooperation
that  can  be  attained  even  under  discouraging  conditions. An urge
towards unity, like a spiritual springtime, struggles to express itself
through  countless  international congresses that bring together people
from  a  vast  array  of  disciplines.   It   motivates   appeals   for
international  projects involving children and youth. Indeed, it is the
real source of the  remarkable  movement  towards  ecumenism  by  which
members   of   historically   antagonistic  religions  and  sects  seem
irresistibly drawn towards one another.   Together  with  the  opposing
tendency   to   warfare   and   self-aggrandizement  against  which  it
ceaselessly struggles, the drive towards world  unity  is  one  of  the
dominant,  pervasive  features of life on the planet during the closing
years of the twentieth century.

The experience of the Baha'i community may be seen  as  an  example  of
this  enlarging  unity. It is a community of some three to four million
people drawn from many nations, cultures, classes and  creeds,  engaged
in  a  wide  range  of  activities  serving  the  spiritual, social and
economic needs of the peoples of many lands.  It  is  a  single  social
organism,   representative  of  the  diversity  of  the  human  family,
conducting  its  affairs  through  a  system   of   commonly   accepted
consultative   principles,   and   cherishing  equally  all  the  great
outpourings of divine guidance in human history. Its existence  is  yet
another convincing proof of the practicality of its Founder's vision of
a united world, another evidence that humanity can live as  one  global
society,  equal to whatever challenges its coming of age may entail. If
the Baha'i experience can contribute in whatever measure to reinforcing
hope  in  the  unity  of  the human race, we are happy to offer it as a
model for study.

In contemplating the supreme importance of the task now challenging the
entire  world,  we bow our heads in humility before the awesome majesty
of the divine Creator, Who out of His infinite  love  has  created  all
humanity  from  the  same  stock;  exalted  the gemlike reality of man;
honored it with intellect and wisdom,  nobility  and  immortality;  and
conferred upon man the "unique distinction and capacity to know Him and
to love Him," a capacity that "must needs be regarded as the generating
impulse and the primary purpose underlying the whole of creation."

We hold firmly the conviction that all human beings have  been  created
"to  carry  forward  an ever-advancing civilization"; that "to act like
the beasts of the field is unworthy of  man";  that  the  virtues  that
befit human dignity are trustworthiness, forbearance, mercy, compassion
and loving kindness towards all peoples. We reaffirm  the  belief  that
the "potentialities inherent in the station of man, the full measure of
his destiny on earth, the innate excellence of his reality, must all be
manifested  in this promised Day of God." These are the motivations for
our unshakable faith that unity  and  peace  are  the  attainable  goal
towards which humanity is striving.

At this writing, the expectant voices of Baha'is can be  heard  despite
the  persecution they still endure in the land in which their Faith was
born. By their example of steadfast hope,  they  bear  witness  to  the
belief  that the imminent realization of this age-old dream of peace is
now, by virtue of the transforming effects of Baha'u'llah's revelation,
invested  with the force of divine authority. Thus we convey to you not
only a vision in words: we summon the  power  of  deeds  of  faith  and
sacrifice;  we convey the anxious plea of our coreligionists everywhere
for peace  and  unity.  We  join  with  all  who  are  the  victims  of
aggression,  all  who  yearn for an end to conflict and contention, all
whose devotion to principles of peace  and  world  order  promotes  the
ennobling  purposes for which humanity was called into being by an all-
loving Creator.

In the earnestness of our desire to impart to you  the  fervor  of  our
hope  and  the depth of our confidence, we cite the emphatic promise of
Baha'u'llah: "These fruitless strifes, these ruinous  wars  shall  pass
away, and the 'Most Great Peace' shall come."

                                     THE UNIVERSAL HOUSE OF JUSTICE





Thank You,
Mike Register
decwrl!dec-rhea!dec-ilm!register
register%ilm.DEC@decwrl

Bruce Limber
seismo!dolqci!bruce

Verbus M. Counts
ihnp4!mhuxj!vmc