[sci.space] NASA to play key role in national computing initiative

yee@trident.arc.nasa.gov (Peter E. Yee) (02/07/91)

Sarah Keegan
Headquarters, Washington, D.C.                   February 6, 1991
(Phone: 202/453-2754)


RELEASE:  91-20

NASA TO PLAY KEY ROLE IN NATIONAL COMPUTING INITIATIVE

     NASA will be a major participant in the multi-agency High 
Performance Computing and Communication (HPCC) Program slated to 
begin in Fiscal Year 1992.  This ambitious federal effort will 
extend U.S. leadership in state-of-the-art computers and 
communications, disseminate and apply HPCC technology to critical 
national challenges and will spur gains in U.S. productivity and 
industrial competitiveness.

     NASA has the lead role in coordinating interagency software 
and algorithm research and development.  In addition, the 
agency's program has significant activities in all four 
components of the Federal program.

     In the High Performance Computing Systems (HPCS) area, NASA 
centers will purchase advanced testbeds from industry and use 
testbeds developed by the Department of Defense (DoD) to evaluate 
and build initial applications.  Results will be fed back to the 
HPCS vendors and DoD for use in succeeding generations of 
computers.

     Under the Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms (ASTA) 
component, NASA research teams will develop software to solve 
major computational challenges in scientific modeling, 
engineering design and real-time robotic control.  

     To support the National Research and Education Network 
(NREN) goal of a coast-to-coast research linkup, NASA centers 
will be equipped with the latest network communications and 
routing technology.  These systems will be used for intercenter 
collaboration and to support non-NASA users of the advanced HPCS 
testbeds. 

   In connection with the Basic Research and Human Resources 
(BRHR) component of the Federal program, NASA will expand the 
HPCC research program executed by NASA-funded research institutes 
and through NASA grants to universities.

     NASA's program has three main projects closely related to 
the agency's primary missions and a crosscutting basic research 
element.  The Computational Aerosciences (CAS) project is led by 
Ames Research Center, Mountain View, Calif., with contributions 
from Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va., and Lewis Research 
Center, Cleveland.  CAS technology will make it possible to model 
critical system interactions in advanced aerospace vehicles, such 
as next-generation supersonic transports, that cannot be done due 
to the limitations of today's supercomputers.

     The Earth and Space Sciences (ESS) computing project is led 
by Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., with 
contributions from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, 
Calif.  The major goal of ESS is to support collaborative 
simulation and modeling of complex, large-scale, 
multidisciplinary Earth and space phenomena.  

     For instance, the interactions among Earth's atmosphere, 
oceans and land masses must be modeled with sufficient spatial 
resolution to produce accurate long-term predictions of 
atmospheric circulation.  Existing computers restrict spatial 
resolution to unreasonably large scales and require execution 
times that are prohibitively long.

     The third major NASA project is Remote Experimentation and 
Exploration (REE), led by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, with 
Langley Research Center as a partner.  REE will develop a 
prototype high performance computing system that could serve as 
an on-board supercomputer to support future space missions. 

     In robotic exploration of Mars, for example, the great 
distances separating Earth and the Red Planet produce a time lag 
of up to 45 minutes between transmission of a command and receipt 
of confirmation that the command has been executed.  Automated 
Mars explorers must be equipped with highly autonomous systems 
that, in turn, require considerable computational power. 

    With HPCC funding, NASA will increase the high performance 
computing and communication budgets of its university-based 
Centers of Excellences and research institutes affiliated with 
NASA centers.  In addition, the agency may create new university 
centers of excellence as funding allows.  A portion of the 
funding will be set aside to encourage students to work at NASA's 
field centers, which will allow the students to get first hand 
experience in NASA HPCC applications and mission requirements. 

     NASA has been heavily involved in the planning and 
coordination of the HPCC program for several years through the 
Federal Coordinating Council on Science, Engineering and 
Technology (FCCSET).  As directed by Congress, NASA began to 
increase its high performance computing activities in FY 1991.

     Other agencies participating in the HPCC program are the 
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the National Science 
Foundation, the Department of Energy, the Environmental 
Protection Agency, the National Institutes of Health, the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology and the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.