[mod.religion.christian] accuracy of Scripture

christian@topaz.UUCP (03/29/87)

I would like to comment on the response by Larry to Vasu's list of
Biblical "contradictions".  In general I have little problem with
Larry's specific responses.  However I'd like to point something out.
In many cases, Larry agreed that the text as we have it now has
errors.  He conjectured that these errors were due to scribal
mistakes.  In the past, when I have proposed that errors were natural
when dealing with human witnesses, I got I Tim. 3:16 thrown back at
me.  It is not entirely clear to me why scribal errors are OK, but the
sorts of errors I mentioned are not.  As far as I can see, the
difference is that Larry's proposed errors were in the history after
the stories were reduced to writing, whereas the errors that I
proposed seemed to be at an earlier stage.  (Actually, I have never
said precisely where I thought they happened.  In fact I'm not
convinced that I can tell.  But the errors that are easiest to
document would probably have happened during the time when the stories
were passed on verbally, i.e. in the stage between the original
eyewitnesses and the composition of the Gospels or other books that we
have now.)

First, it is not clear that the distinction is even meaningful.  There
is some tendency in recent scholarship to see the processes that
caused the three gospels to diverge as the same kind of process that
caused the various text families to diverge.  Indeed we have no real
way of knowing at what point in the process the text got written down.
It is even possible that for a period verbal and written transmission
coexisted.  This is particularly likely for the OT text, where the
written form was to some extent just a mnemonic aid for people who
were assumed to know the text.  It is very unlikely that for either
the OT or the NT there was a specific time when one particular text
was written down that we could declare to be the official inerrant
one.

Second, arguments based on I Tim 3:16 would seem to apply to the text
as we see it.  This passage says that the Bible is appropriate for use
by the Church.  It is claimed that in order to be useful, it must be
error-free, and QED, the Bible is error-free.  We are to assume that
this happened by God's providential guiding of the authors.  I find
this interpretation of I Tim incredible, because it combines the text
with what I believe is an unwarrantted assumption: namely that the
Church can only carry on its affairs if the Bible is completely free
of error.  It seems to me that errors in textual transmission have
exactly the same consequences for the Church as errors during the
verbal transmission of the story.  Indeed, there is no way to tell
them apart from our perspective, except scholarly conjecture.  So if
God agreed that the Bible could only be useful if it was completely
error-free, he would have had to have guided its transmission, as well
as every other part of the process.  The fact that he did not seems to
indicate that he disagrees with you about the requirement for
superhuman accuracy.

As far as I can see, the fundamentalists agree with me in all
practical senses.  It is obvious that there are minor errors in the
Bible.  The decision we have to make is whether these errors are of a
kind to discredit its major claims.  We both agree that they are not.
The question is whether it makes any sense to go beyond this to assert
the inerrancy of a text that we can never actually see and which may
never have existed in the first place.  I don't see how this claim can
possibly do anything useful for the Church.  However it can certainly
do harm.  It does harm by casting doubt on whether Christians are
capable of making sensible evaluations of the truth of their claims.