[talk.origins] Non-human planning and communication

mcdaniel@adi.com (Tim McDaniel) (12/12/90)

Please note the cross-posting.  Subject line was "Re: we are alien".

In article <kde.659918178@heawk1>, kde@heawk1.gsfc.nasa.gov ( Keith
Evans) writes:
> But with communication, one can think and make plans rather than
> just brute force it (i.e., kill an animal for food, "you chase him
> around that way and I'll wait for him").

I recently read "Through a Window", by Jane Goodall.  I loaned it out,
so I can't check details or give precise references.  She describes a
band of chimps hunting a colobus monkey with an infant.  The colobus
climbed a tree.  Each chimp climbed one of the adjacent trees, one
chimp leaped into the tree with the colobus, the colobus mother leaped
to another tree, and the chimp there easily caught the infant and
killed it.  Sounds like good planning and teamwork to me.

She, and that researcher at the Amsterdam Zoo (?), have also described
chimp power politics: long-range planning, alliances, backstabbing,
brown-nosing, coat-tail riding, et cetera.


In article <1990Dec4.081503.1959@desire.wright.edu>
sbishop@desire.wright.edu writes:

   My comment on this; who says animals can communicate inter-species?
   Too many people seem to think that there is this mystical
   communication between all animals.  There is no evidence that this
   is true.

There is, however, non-mystical communication between a wide variety
of animals.  Jane Goodall says that chimps and baboons listen for and
understand each others' calls.  Baboons, for instance, often scream
distinctively when they find a rich food source; nearby chimps hear it
and zero in on it.  They also understand each others' alarm screams.
As best I recall, "Natural History Magazine" had an article mentioning
that certain birds understand the calls of other birds.

On chimp-baboon communication and interaction:

Jane Goodall describes the mating of a chimp male with a baboon female
(unique, and one of the most incredible things she has ever seen).
The chimp displayed as a chimp male does: shows an erect penis,
rustles branches, makes calls.  Baboon males, however, just show an
erection and approach the female.  The baboon, though, realized what
was on the chimp's mind, and approached and stood on all fours waiting
for mating ("assume the position").  Chimp females, however, crouch to
the ground for mating, with the male sitting behind; a baboon male
grasps the females's ankles with his feet before mounting.  The chimp
pushed with his knuckles, trying to get the baboon to crouch; she
crouched a bit.  He pushed again, and she crouched a bit more.  He
then grasped her ankles with his feet and mounted her.  Neither of
them followed their species stereotyped mating behavior, and they
negotiated their differences.  (There was no wet spot, so that was no
problem.)

The interaction between chimps and baboons is strange.  She has
observed chimps and baboons:
- ignoring each other peacefully (usual, even when mixing groups)
- competing for food (fairly common)
- observing hazards, like snakes (occasional)
- trying to mate (very rare)
- infants playing with each other (common)
And chimps hunting baboon infants (rarely successful).

Can anyone think of one non-human species which plays with, interacts
peacefully with, AND hunts another non-human species?

I've heard that dolphins will leap a barrier to be with orcas, as long
as the orcas aren't hungry (David Brin?  Larry Niven?).  Is this true?
Is there a correlation with intelligence, then?  And why don't baboons
(dolphins) gang up against the vastly-outnumbered chimps (orcas) and
wipe them out, to end all such predation?
--
Tim McDaniel                 Applied Dynamics Int'l.; Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Work phone: +1 313 973 1300                        Home phone: +1 313 677 4386
Internet: mcdaniel@adi.com                UUCP: {uunet,sharkey}!amara!mcdaniel