shulman@topaz.RUTGERS.EDU (Jeff Shulman) (06/01/86)
Delphi Mac Digest Sunday, 1 June 1986 Volume 2 : Issue 21 Today's Topics: RE: Hard Disks RE: ThinkTank and Acta RE: Spelling checkers RE: Spelling checkers System 3.2 Re: Network Hardware RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8454) RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8468) RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8490) prolog II RE: LINT again Re: Alternative keyboards for Macintosh RE: PackIt II problems Reply to Pseudo-DMA Question Re: Laserwriter + MS Word Problem on Print Merge (with fix) Lisa ROMSwitch RE: List Manager (Re: Msg 8396) DIZero problems RE: DIZero problems (Re: Msg 46) RE: DIZero problems (Re: Msg 84) system enhancement? RE: system enhancement? (Re: Msg 8594) Health software development 3.1.1 HFS Bug RE: 3.1.1 HFS Bug (Re: Msg 66) Re: MacDraw upgrade wishes KanjiTalk (TM) Pro-Tek from First Byte Internet reply: interrupt button hang ----------------------------------------------------------------------- From: MACINTOUCH (8466) Subject: RE: Hard Disks Date: 25-MAY 20:34 MUGS Online to: From: lewis@harvard.UUCP (Harry Lewis) We have been using the SuperMac DataFrame 20 for about a month and it works as advertised, quickly, quietly, and reliably from our experience. It's also relatively inexpensive (under $900), has a 1-year warrantee, appears to be shipping in quantity, and is faster than a Hard Disk 20. There are virtually no software utilities included with the unit. Ric Ford ------------------------------ From: MACINTOUCH (8467) Subject: RE: ThinkTank and Acta Date: 25-MAY 20:37 MUGS Online In response to questions about ThinkTank and Acta: We found Acta to be a fine alternative to ThinkTank 512, with advantages and none of the memory management problems. We have a 4 page review in the June issue of "MacInTouch." Symmetry is at 761 E. University Dr., Mesa, AZ 85203; 800-624-2485 (602-844-2199). It lists for $59.95. Ric Ford ------------------------------ From: MACINTOUCH (8468) Subject: RE: Spelling checkers Date: 25-MAY 20:39 MUGS Online In regard to spelling checkers, we have found Spellswell from Greene, Johnson to be among the best, and to be far better than the first generation of Mac spell checkers. Among its features are the ability to add and *delete* words from the dictionary, support for both Word and MacWrite, and many usability features. It does not have interactive spell checking, which MacLightning does. ric ford ------------------------------ From: BILLIAM (8471) Subject: RE: Spelling checkers Date: 25-MAY 20:49 MUGS Online when you say that Spellswell DOES NOT have interactive spell checking does that mean that I'd have to look up all the misspelled words by hand in a dictionary? Sounds like a HUGE step backwards to me. What's the word on MACLIGHTNING? sounds great but so did The RIGHT WORD (200,000 word dictionary) and it sucks. Is Maclightning a good purchase? Any word if they plan to make it compatable with future CD ROM disks as Borland's Turbo Lightning claims it will be? I've been using Hayden Speller (don't even ask) with WORD and I was shocked to find that it doesn't reconize optional hyphens. It treats them as separate words which is useless. I have to spellcheck first and then go back and divide the words with hyphens. Would Maclightning be a breath of fresh air for me? thanks Billiam ------------------------------ From: MACINTOUCH (8470) Subject: System 3.2 Date: 25-MAY 20:49 Mousing Around Just got it thru the grapevine: the long-awaited System 3.2 had a fatal bug discovered at the last minute this week, and won't be shipped. Look for 3.3 or higher... (groan) ric ------------------------------ From: BMUG (8475) Subject: Re: Network Hardware Date: 26-MAY 03:36 MUGS Online To: {allegra,ihnp4,seismo}!uwvax!uwmacc!dan Re: Network Hardware A couple of suggestions: a) Look into having more than one printer available to any given station (maybe have 10 macs to 2 printers networked), so that someone can print to the 2d printer if the 1st is occupied. Maybe have more networked... I've heard of up to 40 macs on a net, no problem. b) Have LaserWriters (at least one) available. The ability to get thesis- quality print is really worth it, and it is much quieter... people will even pay for printing (if needed to subsidize cost) c) Look into using PhoneNET(tm), an AppleTalk-compatible network that is about half the cost of AppleTalk per node and uses ordinary phone cable (much cheaper) , and more reliable! Call Farallon Computing Berkeley at (415 ) 849-2331. -- Raines Cohen BMUG ------------------------------ From: DDUNHAM (8490) Subject: RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8454) Date: 26-MAY 22:17 MUGS Online To: lewis@harvard.UUCP I'm using a LoDOWN 20, and I'm very happy with it. Only problem is its noise. It has no fan but it does have a very audible motor. But it is very fast. (Boots in 9s, return to Finder in 4s.) Inexpensive (for Mac hard disks), but no software provided. To: ephraim@wang.UUCP Using a dynamic reserved slot doesn't sound like a real problem...at least if you reboot (and don't use them all). And if you only have 1 SCSI device, should be no trouble there, either. Besides, I thought the dynamic slots were 28-31, not the ones above... To: bart@reed.UUCP I've had troubles with the MacPaint clipboard, too. The cure seems to be to use DiskInfo to Set Default to the System Folder. You may have to do a Copy before you can import anything from a DA. To: werner@ut-ngp.UUCP The advantage of the current zoom box is that desk accessories can use it and thuse keep a standard interface. DAs are _not_ passed any other sort of title bar events. Also, you don't have to remember which modifier key makes the box zoom. To: robb@mentor.UUCP I know MacInTouch has already answered you, but I don't think they said that Acta includes a program to convert your existing TT512 documents. Acta takes approx. 32K of memory as a desk accessory, so it's compatible with everything. ------------------------------ From: DDUNHAM (8491) Subject: RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8468) Date: 26-MAY 22:17 MUGS Online You might be interested to know that Michael Greene is planning to add the ability to proof Acta documents. It's not at the top of his list, however, so if you'd find it useful, give him a call. BTW, Spellswell is possibly the only speller to know about typographer's apostrophes (opt-}). ------------------------------ From: PEABO (8493) Subject: RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8490) Date: 26-MAY 23:45 MUGS Online Concerning the advantage of zoom boxes ... I dislike the zoom box greatly, since Microsoft's 'double-click the title bar' seems to be a vastly superior way of doing it. Are you saying that there is a good technical reason why Apple has picked up the DRI Zoom Box instead of the Microsoft technique? peter ------------------------------ From: RICKLEPAGE (8502) Subject: prolog II Date: 27-MAY 15:39 Developer's Corner Well, all you AI freaks out there, we got a press release from our buddies at Expertelligence, stating that they are going to sell PrologIA's Prolog II for the Mac in this country. I quote : "Exper-Prolog II [had to get that in somewhere, I guess] is the product developed from the work of the _father_ of Prolog, Alain Colmerauer. This Prolog interpreter includes real numbers, string manipulations, advanced process control, and allows you to load, extend and modify interactively Prolog programs. All this while taking advantage of all of the facilities of the Mac interface." they say it will be available in June for $495, though if you buy now (before people scream about bugs, I guess), it is yours for $395. existing Expertelligence customers can get Exper-Prolog for $295 during the month of June. no comments about copy-protection or anything else. anyone have any experience with the developer, PrologIA?? they are a French outfit. Rick LePage MacInTouch ------------------------------ From: PEABO (8522) Subject: RE: LINT again Date: 27-MAY 23:16 MUGS Online From: CML5A9%IRISHMVS.BITNET@WISCVM.WISC.EDU Subject: LINT again I would also like to see LINT for the Mac. ANY lint. Of ANY kind. I remember a while back someone was talking about something along these lines and pointed out something interesting. In order to have a really USABLE lint for the mac, someone also has to take the time to type in all of the function definitions with types as per Inside Mac into header files. That is, lint without the toolbox -------------- Don't type it in ... get a copy of Tech Note 45 instead. It's all there in machine readible form. peter ------------------------------ From: MACINTOUCH (8519) Subject: Re: Alternative keyboards for Macintosh Date: 27-MAY 22:56 MUGS Online to: Pat Mcconnel <mcconnel@nrl-b43.ARPA> Subject: Alternative keyboards for Macintosh I think you'll need more than software. The only hardware that's applicable that I've seen is from Computer Parts Mart in San Jose, CA. 408-993-9011. For $99 (90 day guarantee) they have an adaptor that's supposed to make IBM PC keyboards compatible with the Mac. I know nothing about the company and I'd love to hear from anyone who tries this. I don't like the "feel" of the Mac keyboard at all. Ric Ford ------------------------------ From: CHESLEY (0000) Subject: RE: PackIt II problems Date: 27-MAY 21:43 MAIL If anyone else sees any bugs in PackIt II, PLEASE let me know, either at the address given in the program or at my BBS (415-562-2491). I can't fix 'em unless I know about 'em -- this is the first I've heard of a problem with PackIt running under Switcher. I did test it under Switcher, but obviously missed something. I'll fix it for PackIt III. ------------------------------ From: BRECHER (8570) Subject: Reply to Pseudo-DMA Question Date: 30-MAY 03:13 MUGS Online To: ronr@sphinx.UChicago.UUCP (Ron Rusnak) Subject: Mac+ SCSI pseudo dma question A9 set asserts DACK; reset asserts CS. EOP (an input to the 5380) is probably connected to some uninteresting place, e.g., a pull-up (did I say that right? It's in my Berlitz Hardware-English Dictionary, Programmer's Pocket Edition). ------------------------------ From: MACINTOUCH (8575) Subject: Re: Laserwriter + MS Word Problem on Print Merge (with fix) Date: 30-MAY 09:48 MUGS Online to: derek@gucis.OZ (Derek Austin) LaserWriter/Laser Prep 3.0 and higher eliminate this problem. They no longer print out instruction sheets for each page printed manually. Ric Ford ------------------------------ From: DOCGRINNELL (8568) Subject: Lisa ROMSwitch Date: 30-MAY 01:17 Hardware & Peripherals I have some news for Lisa/XL owners! (y'all remember them?) I was over at a company called Orphan Technology the other day, and they were testing ( successfully) a device called the ROMSwitch that allows Lisa/XL owners to switch the original Lisa roms andd the new Macworks screen fix by one simple toggle switch. This gives the user a choice between the *original* roms and the *official* new roms! What do you all think? -=> Doc ------------------------------ From: LOGICHACK (8569) Subject: RE: List Manager (Re: Msg 8396) Date: 30-MAY 02:31 Programming I have used the string displayed functions of the List Manager. To add data to a list, I used _LSetCell. The List Manager allocates its own storage for the data. I implemented a _SFGetFile type list by looping thru each row and setting the contents individually. Seems to work ok. One annoyance I have is that upon a _LActivate for a deactivate event, the list's scroll bars, if any, are 'hidden' I would rather have the controls hilited as inactive I have worked around this but it is quite a hack. One last thing, check the sample source code (in Pascal) that Apple distributed with the List Manager information; it is pretty straightforward. Paul ------------------------------ From: DWB (46) Subject: DIZero problems Date: 30-MAY 05:55 Developers' Corner A short while ago somebody mention having problems with Mount. I have just finished writing/debugging a SCSI driver for a new hard disk and have now encountered problems with DIZero. It goes for a while, writes lot's of things to the hard disk, does a PBStatus and then goes away as the status routine exits (via RTS) Anybody have any ideas? Just for the record the code being used to load, etc. the drive is: OpenDriver("\p.SCSI", &rn); dn = GetFreeDrive(); ; is returning 32, the first SCSI drive DetachResource(GetResource('DRVR', "\.pSCSI")); AddDrive(rn, dn, dqel); DIZero(dn, "\p.HardDisk"); Any help or suggestions would be appreciated. David ------------------------------ From: BRECHER (74) Subject: RE: DIZero problems (Re: Msg 46) Date: 31-MAY 07:41 Developers' Corner Unless you're doing it somewhere else not shown in your message, you need to put some things in the drive queue element, such as the drive size. GetResource wants an ID, not a name, as the second argument. 32 is a peculiar drive number, though I suppose it would do no harm. Don't confuse unit numbers (w/r the unit table) with drive numbers. Ask the Mac Tech Support Group at Apple for a copy of the SCSI Developer's Package. It's extrememly useful. ------------------------------ From: DWB (85) Subject: RE: DIZero problems (Re: Msg 84) Date: 1-JUN-05:25: Developers' Corner Hurray! I got it working. Unfortunately I don't remember what all I had to fix. Some things I do remember are that you must make sure the drive queue element is completely filled out. I had copied code that did a NewPtrSysClear, which LightSpeed doesn't support and had turned it into SetZone and NewPtr. End result being I had a block of memory with garbage in it. Anyway I now have everything working except for the auto boot part. I'll wait to get the software from Levco for that one. If there is enough interest I will post the set of programs that I wound up with. Included are a program to execute miscellaneous SCSI commands and test the driver, the driver itself, and a program to format the drive as a Mac Volume or mount it depending on a compile time flag. David ------------------------------ From: ROWLAND (8594) Subject: system enhancement? Date: 30-MAY 21:25 Mousing Around In a number of applications I would find it extremely useful to be able to enter a file name into an Open File dialog box by pasting from the clipboard. For example in an editor in which I had a file which was a sort of directory I could double click a file name (contained in the text), copy, select openfile, and then paste to open that file (with Tempo of course the operation could be made even simpler). Is there some reason this could (or should) not be made a general feature in a future ROM ? Is there any way to patch it into the current system ? Is there an even easier way to do what I want ? Mike Burns ------------------------------ From: PEABO (8598) Subject: RE: system enhancement? (Re: Msg 8594) Date: 30-MAY 22:22 Mousing Around The problem is that the dialogs you are referring to are "Modal Dialogs", which means that the system is in a mode where it will accept only a limited number of actions. Cut and Paste are not included in the eligible operations. Contrast this with Modeless Dialogs, such as the Find/Change dialog in MacWrite. Here the dialog can coexist with other activities, such as setting the cursor position and making ancillary edits in the text near where the strings are found, and cutting and pasting. Apple says in their User Interface Guidelines that "Modes are bad", and you have discovered a good illustration of why: you want to use tools that you are accustomed to using in other situations within a mode where they are not supported. Unfortunately, Modal Dialogs are easy to do and people use them a lot, so we are stuck with the situation unless someone does some major surgery to the Mac User Interface. One workaround you alluded to was the use of Tempo to pretend to type the entry in. Another possibility would be to notice a command-V keyboard entry while in a dialog that has a TextEdit box and presume that the user wants to paste from the clipboard. This would require some reprogramming of applications, and therefore would only work in limited cases. peter ------------------------------ From: LOCKE (8601) Subject: Health software development Date: 31-MAY 02:19 Developer's Corner The Center for Clinical Computing at Harvard Medical School is interested in reviewing software targeted for the health care field for possible publishing/distribution. If you have a software product in development or planned, contact Steven Locke, M.D., Beth Israel Hospital, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, 617-735-4664. ------------------------------ From: MARSHG (66) Subject: 3.1.1 HFS Bug Date: 31-MAY 00:11 Programming Techniques I just discovered a bug in System 3.1.1 that will cause some HFS calls to randomly fail. I say "some" because the bug is in a piece of common code that is probably shared among most of the calls. GetWDInfo is definetly affected (that's how I found the bug). The symptoms of my problem were that regardless of what WDRefNum I would pass in to GetWDInfo, I would usually get the right answer but sometimes (fortunately reproducably) I would get a dirid of 2. The problem lies in the conversion of the WDRefNum into the offset on the working directory table. The ROM loads the WDRefNum into the lower half of D1 and then does a DIVU $10,D1. When the upper half of D1 (never set by the system) was non-zero and big enough, the DIVU failed because the result was larger than 16 bits. My workaround was to change my HFS trap routine to always clear D1 before doing the trap. Marsh ------------------------------ From: BRECHER (75) Subject: RE: 3.1.1 HFS Bug (Re: Msg 66) Date: 31-MAY 07:41 Programming Techniques Sounds like you meant a ROM bug rather than a System 3.1.1 bug. At any rate, System 3.2 patches GetWDInfo to pre-clear the high word of D1. ------------------------------ From: BMUG (8618) Subject: Re: MacDraw upgrade wishes Date: 31-MAY 20:15 MUGS Online To: borton@sdcc3.UUCP Subject: Re: MacDraw upgrade wishes a) the SIZER and ADJACENCY DA's, from Johnson & Johnson, Design/Build, 677 Grove, Newton, MA 02162, costs $69 (and your MacDraw) and gives you: SIZER: You can specify the dimensions of any object to the hundredth of an inch or 1/100 cm or architectural notation. ADJACENCY: Select any two objects, makes them touch but not overlap. Used by the Wall Street Journal and New York Times art departments, and by BMUG. Really useful, and a terrific deal. Now Mac+ & Switcher-compatible. -- Raines Cohen, BMUG Operations Manager ------------------------------ From: FRIED (8610) Subject: KanjiTalk (TM) Date: 31-MAY 13:45 Mousing Around Hot off the wires <grin>: Received: from UTAH-CS.ARPA by MIT-ZERMATT.ARPA via INTERNET with SMTP id 39463; 30 May 86 17:15:58-EDT Received: by utah-cs.ARPA (5.31/4.40.2) id AA20102; Fri, 30 May 86 15:16:33 MDT Received: by utah-orion.ARPA (5.31/4.40.2) id AA21453; Fri, 30 May 86 15:16:28 MDT Date: Fri, 30 May 86 15:16:28 MDT Message-Id: <8605302116.AA21453@utah-orion.ARPA> Macintosh Plus with KanjiTalk(TM) Introduced Tokyo, Japan. May 19,1986. Apple Computer Japan today introduced the Japanese Macintosh Plus personal computer complete with a state-of-the art Japanese operating system. Two years in development, the KanjiTalk(TM) operating system gives Japanese users access to the three traditional Japanese alphabets plus the English alphabet. "KanjiTalk is unequaled in the Japanese marketplace because of Macintosh's ease-of-use, advanced features and powerful graphics," according to Alexander van Eyck, General Manager, Apple Japan. "KanjiTalk offers immediate access to a powerful library of Macintosh software which can be easily translated (localized) from its original language to Japanese. Perhaps more important, KanjiTalk also provides a development environment which allows local software developers to create Japanese software products," van Eyck adds. Within a month, Apple Japan will begin to ship fully localized versions of Apple software, including MacPaint, MacDraw and MacProject. EgWord, a powerful Japanese word processing program from ErgoSoft, is available at launch. A localized version of Microsoft Excel, the powerful integrated spreadsheet program, will be available in July. Historically, the Japanese personal computer market has been driven by word processing applications. Now the emphasis is beginning to shift towards spreadsheets and data bases, according to van Eyck. "From a timing point of view, we are announcing the right product at the right time. The market is demanding powerful, diverse software solutions. Thanks to KanjiTalk, third-party developers can localize and ship those solutions in a fraction of the normal time. We have a unique window of opportunity," van Eyck adds. The suggested retail price for the Macintosh Plus with KanjiTalk is 648,000 yen. Apple has no immediate plans to market the KanjiTalk Macintosh outside Japan. MACINTOSH IN JAPAN The 128k Macintosh (English) was first introduced in Japan in April, 1984. In May, 1985, Apple Japan introduced a katakana (phonetic) keyboard for the 512k Macintosh. EgWord, a powerful word processing package was introduced in September, 1985, by ErgoSoft. Several other third parties have also introduced various other versions of Japanese Macintosh software. Apple Japan is offering a variety of upgrade programs for existing Macintosh owners. KANJITALK FEATURES Japanese input/output using existing software Since "KanjiTalk" supports Japanese language input and output at an OS level, selected software developed in the United States and Europe can be easily localized in Japanese. In addition, new software which follows Apple's development guidelines can also be localized for Japan. KanjiTalk application tools also facilitate the conversion of application software from English into Japanese. Japanese development tools Japanese software developers can easily access and utilize KanjiTalk development tools to develop unique Japanese software products. Accurate sentence-level conversion Through phonetic input, the Macintosh can execute kanji conversions, making it possible to convert up to 40 characters at once. Three separate dictionaries KanjiTalk features three separate dictionaries with different conversion levels--a basic dictionary, special dictionary and users' dictionary. The basic dictionary maintains more than 35,000 words. KanjiTalk desk accessories Through a unique design, the KanjiTalk utilities are built into the Macintosh's Desk Accessories so any function can be used any time without turning off (or rebooting) the software. 24 X 24 dot printing In addition to the 16 x 16 dot font, KanjiTalk is equipped with a 24 x 24 dot font for producing enhanced quality output. KanjiTalk comes with print drivers for Apple's Imagewriter II. ------------------------------ From: MACINTOUCH (81) Subject: Pro-Tek from First Byte Date: 31-MAY 12:37 Developers' Corner We are starting to see information about First Byte's new copy protection scheme which is quite intriguing. If it does what they claim it does, it will have a large impact on copy protection. We find some of the claims hard to swallow. It is called Pro-Tek and is being sold by First Byte, Inc., 2845 Temple Ave., Long Beach, CA 90806. Phone numbers are 800-523-8070, 800-624-2692 (in CA.) or 213-595-7006. A starter kit is $400 and costs range from $.15 to .40 per disk. Claims: - uses normal diskettes - hasn't been copied in months of testing - compatible with Mac/XL/MacPlus, 800K and 400K disks, and HFS - doesn't affect performance or use up memory (uh huh) - no worms (thank God) - software-based but uncopyable with nibble/bit copiers - contains "debugger hunters" - application is "encrypted" with multiple layers of checking and encryption - will be available for most personal computers - uses hardware board for adding protection during duplication process The good side for users is the claim that it supports flexible options for hard disk installations and the ability to check key disks a certain percentage of the time (instead of at every launch). I'd be interested in hearing more about this product from people who dig further. Ric Ford, "MacInTouch" newsletter ------------------------------ From: BRECHER (8628) Subject: Internet reply: interrupt button hang Date: 1-JUN-10:18: MUGS Online To: jer@peora.UUCP (J. Eric Roskos) Subject: Re: Delphi Mac Digest V2 #20 > ... If carrier is > present, there should be no problem... it's only if a modem is on and > *negating* the CTS signal (not asserting it). When no modem is connected, > or when it's off, the pin "floats" to CTS. When a modem is on but no > carrier is present, it is driven to /CTS, causing the "hardware flow > control" in the serial driver to wait for CTS (which it is supposed to do; > it is not a "ROM bug" at all). Most Mac serial cables do not connect carrierdetect to HSKi; mine doesn't -- it connects CTS. When my modem's on and I'm not running a comm program, pressing the interrupt button causes a hang. When I'm running a comm program, regardless of whether or not I'm online, or when the modem's off, I get the minidebugger prompt box. When the interrupt button is pressed, ROM code looks at the system global SPconfig, which contains two 4-bit fields, one for each serial port, indicating whether the port's in use and if so by what (AppleTalk, asynch, ext. clk.). If the shift key is held down while the interrupt button is pressed, the printer port's in-use bits are examined; otherwise, the modem port's. If the port is free, data is transmitted -- as I press the interrupt button, the SD/RD LEDs on my Hayes flicker (RD due to its being in command mode, defaulting to echo) and then the Mac is hung. If the port is in use the prompt box is displayed. Therefore, my current theory is an extension of my original one (i.e., that CTS [HSKi] asserted is the hang condition). If the modem's off (the theory goes) the code sees lack of CTS and doesn't try to transmit, and puts up the local prompt. Likewise if the modem's on but the port's marked as in use. But if the modem's on (CTS asserted) and the the port seems to be free, the code transmits to the remote and then hangs waiting for a valid resume-execution debugger command input from the serial port. Regardless, I'm somewhat curious about what you get on the other end of the serial line if all goes well. The minidebugger could be a MacDB nub, or maybe it's just a dumb-terminal interface that outputs a ">" prompt and takes the same commands from the remote as it does when in local mode. ------------------------------ End of Delphi Mac Digest ************************
ephraim@wang.UUCP (pri=8 Ephraim Vishniac x76659 ms1459) (06/03/86)
> From: DDUNHAM (8490) > Subject: RE: Usenet Mac Digest V2 #41 (Re: Msg 8454) > > To: ephraim@wang.UUCP Using a dynamic reserved slot doesn't sound like > a real problem...at least if you reboot (and don't use them all). And > if you only have 1 SCSI device, should be no trouble there, either. > Besides, I thought the dynamic slots were 28-31, not the ones above... Using a dynamic reserved slot *is* a very dangerous thing. Consider this: My internal hard disk boots, and selects a dynamic slot which is open. While running off the disk, I run MacPaint with ClickArt Effects installed. I choose ClickArt Effects, which is installed in MacPaint as DRVR 31 (a reserved slot). The DA *replaces* the disk driver as driver 31 and the Mac hangs.... When you open a driver with the same number as an open driver, it's curtains for the older one. ClickArt Effects comes with its own installer, which installs only into MacPaint and doesn't give a hoot for the rules. You can fix it by removing it with the Font/DA Mover (use option-open to see all applications), then re-installing it. FDAM follows the rules, so you're safe. But most people wouldn't recognize the problem. Yes, 28-31 are the dynamic slots. 32-39 are the slots for SCSI devices zero through seven. But when you're installing DA's, how do you know what SCSI devices the user has? Especially if some of them are used intermittently, like tape backup devices?