[net.religion.jewish] Holidays -- Two Civilizations

dsg@mhuxi.UUCP (David S. Green) (11/08/84)

From: 	KEN WOLMAN
	Bell Communications Research
	Livingston, NJ
	whuxe!ktw
	(201) 740-4565

********************************

With regard to the Halloween (and now THANKSGIVING debate), there is
a serious problem there, and I'm not positive it's been touched on:
namely the Two Civilizations problem outlined by Mordecai Kaplan, and
which forms the basis for Reconstructionism.  Understand I do not 
identify myself with that movement; I used to, if only because the
synagogue I originally attended in Montclair (yes, I too drove) made
me feel welcome, and the Weltanschaaung ($10 word, probably misspelled)
of the movement allowed me to assume a less-than-total or traditional
position on most Jewish issues: kashrut, Shabbos, even God (yes, I
still prefer to spell it out because I don't feel comfortable with
treating the visual/verbal nominalization of a Being as The Being
Himself; to me that approaches idolatry).  

As I understand Kaplan, having tried to read "Judaism as a 
Civilization" at least three times, but having read some of his
disciples, the problem with any kind of post-Emancipation Judaism
is that it the Jew has NO CHOICE but to live in a non-Jewish
secular world.  America, if it is not (yet) a "Christian Nation,"
is not a Jewish nation, either; any more than is the UK, France,
Italy, or Sweden.  You are inevitably brought into contact with
Jews of all observance levels, and with Gentile ideas, food,
culture, etc.  The problem becomes living as a Jew in such a
society (which also includes modern nontheocratic Israel).  

Okay, you can withdraw to Williamsburg or Borough Park and never
leave: as I understand those communities, many people never do
because all necessary means of earning a living and sustaining
one's physical and spiritual life are there.  Or, failing total
self-ghettoization in a 20th Century Judenstrasse, one can work
and travel to work through goyisher streets in the company of
other observant Jews, i.e., on the private buses from Boro Park or
Monsey which enable you to avoid contact with the outside.  But
for most of us, those are no viable options.  As I understand
even Modern (Hirschian) Orthodoxy and right-wing Conservatism,
there is an effort to live IN the world but not be OF it.  Or
to paraphrase the much-maligned Shylock (who Shakespeare understood
and portrayed far too well to be written off as a simple anti-
Semite): I'll walk with you, talk with you, and do business with
you; but I won't eat with you, drink with you, or pray with you.

Surprisingly, and in light of the bad press he has among
Orthodox and most committed Conservatives, Kaplan probably would
find that sentiment appropriate as one solution to the problem of
living in two civilizations.  

Which brings us to Halloween.  Look, folks, it means ALL 
HALLOWS EVE, the day preceding ALL SAINTS DAY.  It's CHRISTIAN.
Or at least it USED to be.  In fact, it's been co-opted by
a secular society that is not much kinder to believing 
Christians than to believing Jews, and which has reduced
Christmas--a day of some small note to most gentiles--to a
three-month extravaganza of worshipping before the Great 
Idol of Shah-Ping.  Secular society (humanistic or not) has a
numbing effect on most holidays, religious or not.  They are 
opportunities not for reflection or family time, but for spending
money at malls.  Does anyone really notice or care that Halloween
has Christian roots?  Do any Christians observe it as a religious
holiday, thereby effectively barring it from Jewish notice?  Or
--and There I Go Again--are at least some of the people who get
high-and-mighty about Halloween as anti-Jewish simply playing
the frummer-than-thou game because of their own discomfort with
the level of their Jewishness?  The refusal of one net 
correspondent to ANSWER THE DOOR on Halloween suggests the
kind of mind-set that might be better served in a community
like Boro Park or Monsey, where having only Jewish neighbors is
a great convenience like having a dispose-all and dishwasher.
It's not a religious solution: it's a pietistic solution
which avoids confrontation with the secular world by pretending
it doens't exist.

The problem extends beyond Halloween and into unarguably secular
holidays.  When did Thanksgiving take on religious connotations
that were germane only to Christians?  Because the New England
settlers were Protestants, are committed Jews (whether observant
or not) expected to treat Thanksgiving as sub rosa goyishkeit
and ignore it?  Or was Kaplan right (I am in fact answering by
the tone of the question): are Thanksgiving, July 4, and some
others in fact part of Civil Religion which crosses sectarian
boundaries and finds appropriate expression in the prayers of
all faiths?  

Ignoring and/or turning one's back on secular holidays (of
which Halloween is in fact a prime example by now) is a way
of dealing with the Two Civilizations problem.  But it seems
at first glance a bit silly.  

dave@utcsrgv.UUCP (Dave Sherman) (11/09/84)

In article <228@mhuxi.UUCP> ktw@whuxe.UUCP (Ken Wolman) writes:
|| 
|| 			are at least some of the people who get
|| high-and-mighty about Halloween as anti-Jewish simply playing
|| the frummer-than-thou game because of their own discomfort with
|| the level of their Jewishness?  The refusal of one net 
|| correspondent to ANSWER THE DOOR on Halloween suggests the
|| kind of mind-set that might be better served in a community
|| like Boro Park or Monsey, where having only Jewish neighbors is
|| a great convenience like having a dispose-all and dishwasher.
|| It's not a religious solution: it's a pietistic solution
|| which avoids confrontation with the secular world by pretending
|| it doesn't exist.

As the net correspondent in question, let me reply to this point.
My objections to Halloween aren't based only on the religious or
pagan element. I object to the whole concept of kids being allowed
to show up on my door and demand candy. It's not that I'm cheap;
we probably spend much more money and time putting together Mishloach
Manos plates for friends and neighbours on Purim than most people
spend in handy out treats on October 31. It's the principle involved.

I certainly don't pretend the secular world doesn't exist. But I
have no need for certain of its customs which I find objectionable.

Ken goes on to mention July 4 (equivalent here is Canada Day, July 1.)
I have no problem with celebrations of such days, as long as they
don't take precedence in children's minds over the Jewish holidays,
which have so much more to offer.

Dave Sherman
Toronto
-- 
 { allegra cornell decvax ihnp4 linus utzoo }!utcsrgv!dave

yiri@ucf-cs.UUCP (Yirmiyahu BenDavid) (11/13/84)

Since I am the other party which does not answer the door on Halloween,
I suppose I should also respond. I'm pretty much in agreement with Dave.
The only difference might be in degree. The major reason for me is that
I refuse to be a participant in something I find objectionable.

elb@hou5e.UUCP (Ellen Bart) (11/15/84)

(I am posting this as a followup because I still can't get postnews
to work --any suggestions on that score are welcome)

I got a few letters in response to my posting on Thanksgiving
which deserve some additional comments on the net.

I stated that I did not participate in Halloween  or Christmas
or New Years but did believe that Judaism (Orthodox included) allowed
for the celebration of Thanksgiving.

The letters I got brought up two main points.  The first is that
regardless of its origins, Halloween is now a secular holiday and
therefore should fall in the same category as Thanksgiving.  I disagree.
I think the origins are not merely important in the determination
of permissability but are crucial.

One of the main reasons for this was actually brought up by a non-Jew
who asked me about the Jewish prohibition against participating in
activities which are "the laws of the [non-Jewish] nations".
A discussion with an Orthodox Rabbi confirmed my impression that this
prohibition refers to practices of non-Jews which were (or are) related to
their religious celebrations or worships.

The origins of Halloween and New Years are religious.  The current state
of these celebrations cannot change that.  The origins of Thanksgiving
are secular  -  a harvest festival if you like.  It was never tied to
a particular religion or religious ritual.  If I then want to use this
day off from work to meet with my family and eat traditional Thanksgiving
lasagna (a long story, but that's what my family always eats), then there
should be no problem according to Jewish law.

Any questions or comments are welcome

Ellen Bart