[net.religion.jewish] The Liberalization of Orthodox Judaism

wkp@lanl.ARPA (07/12/85)

For those gratified at the recent "liberal" halachic pronouncements
by the Chief Rabbis in Israel, it may come as a pleasant surprise
to read the latest book by Rabbi Eliezer Berkowitz, "Lo Bashamayim
hee."

Rav Berkowitz is a noted orthodox rabbi in Israel and is the author of
the books "Koha v'tafkida" and "T'nai bi'n'suin u'v'get" (published by
Mosad Harav Kook in Jerusalem.)

In the book, Rav Berkowitz calls for an end to legalistic "Shtetl"
mentality, and for a concerted effort by all orthodox Jews to face the
real problems of Jewish unity and tradition in the modern day world.
I have taken the liberty of exerpting some of his comments (deleting
most of the scholarly references to rabbinical literature which are
unimportant to most lay readers).

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[Rav Berkowitz:]

The Galut-conditioned form in which the oral law has reached us may 
indicate the seriousness of the problem which must be contended with
...For the time being, Halacha is in exile in the land of Israel as it
was before in the lands of Jewish dispersion.  It is still the Halacha
of the Shtetl, not that of the State.

As yet we have not become worthy of Torat Eretz Yisrael.  The reasons are
to be found in what happened to Halacha during the exile.  Because of the
lack of opportunity for halachic aplication to REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS OF
NATIONAL EXISTENCE, THE ART AND WISDOM OF SUCH APPLICATION DRIED UP.
BECAUSE OF HALACHA'S EXILE INTO LITERATURE AND CODIFICATION, NEW
AUTHORITATIVE BARRIERS WERE ERECTED....

The new reality of the state of Israel demands an understanding of what
halacha is about...THE ORAL LAW HAS TO BE FREED FROM ITS GALUT-IMPOSED
SHACKLES.  What was done to it happened, as we have seen, AGAINST THE
DIRECTIVES OF THE TORAH ITSELF.  It was done as an act of "disregarding
the Torah in order to act for G-d" [from the Midrash]...Surely this is
a time to act to restore...the original character of the oral law.

Halacha...ought to resume now its classical function and originate new
forms of relevant Torah realization in Israel.  IT SHOULD CONCERN ITSELF
WITH SOCIAL JUSTICE, OF ECONOMIC HONESTY AND FAIRNESS, WITH PROBLEMS OF
LABOR RELATIONS AND OF THE WORK ETHOS, WITH THE SOCIAL GAP, WITH ETHICS
AND MORALITY IN PUBLIC LIFE....How is the Sabbath to be observed in a 
highly industrialized society that depends on continuous-process industries
that cannot be turned off every Friday at sunset?  Are they to be serviced
only be non-religious Jews, just as the police force, for instance, is to
be recruited only from among non-Sabbath-observant citizens?  Is this
what the Torah intended by a Jewish people living in its own land, a land
dependent on the Jewish "shabbes-goy"?

The Torah is eternal because it has a word for each generation.  Every day
the Torah should seem as new to you as if it had been given on that day,
says the Midrash.  One can find the word that has been waiting for this
hour to be revealed only if one faces the challenge of each new situation
in the history of Israel and attempts to deal with it in intellectual and
ethical honesty.  ALAS, THOSE WHO HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO IMPOSE LAWS OF
THE TORAH DO NOT CARE TO UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF THE...ZEITGEIST.  THEY
TAKE THE EASY WAY OUT.  THEY DO NOT SEARCH FOR THE WORD THAT WAS INTENDED
FOR THIS HOUR...THEY IMPOSE THE WORD MEANT FOR YESTERDAY AND THUS MISS
HEARING THE WORD...FOR THIS NEW HOUR IN THE HISTORY OF THE JEWISH PEOPLE.

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bill peter                                       ihnp4!lanl!wkp