[net.astro] more on Roemer article

lew@ihuxr.UUCP (12/14/83)

Earlier I reported that a correct analysis of the data presented in an
Astronomical Journal article (Vol 78 no. 1, Feb 1973, pg. 122) gave a value
of "C" about 8% low. The data consisted of observations of Io's ingress
and egress in and out of Jupiter's shadow made by Ole Roemer from 1668 thru
1678. I had adjusted a set of 40 numbers labled "obs. minus calculated time"
to obtain this figure. I found I needed to SUBTRACT 8% of the nominal delay
time for each datum to obtain the best fit. This meant that the fitted delays
were 8% longer than nominal.

Well, I had another surprise. In trying to reproduce some of the calculations,
I found that the data was REALLY the predicted minus observed times. I was
therefore reducing the delay times with my adjustment meaning that the best
value of "C" is 8% high. I got on to this trail becuse I got a high value
of "C" when I did a "naive orbit" calculation. As I added refinements it
didn't change much and I finally found out why.

I found that I couldn't precisely reproduce much of the tabulated data,
even though the intermediate results in the paper should have allowed me to
do so. The discrepancies are never great enough to change the result, though.
I ended up redoing enough of the calculation that I readjusted the longitude
of the ascending node of Io (wrt the plane of Jupiter's orbit). I reduced the
residual rms error from 1361 to 1326 microdays this way. This gave a predicted
"C" about 6% high with an 8.6% expected error.

Plotting the predicted versus observed delay times showed that most of
the data was crowded around the average delay time. There were two points
way out at one end that controlled the fitted value. The "ballast" around
the average controlled the rms error, though, so that kept things honest.

It occurs to me that since Io is "pinned" in Jupiter's equitorial plane
it should be easy to calculate the longitude of Io's ascending node
circa 1670. This would only depend on the precession of Jupiter's axis
of rotation, which I would expect to be very slow (period >> 10k yrs).
I can't find boo about the precession of Jupiter's axis anywhere. Even
the Explanatory Supplement is no help. It just refers the reader to Sampson's
definitive work. Anybody happen to know the orientation of Jupiter's axis?

Finally, I'll note that I got into this whole thing because this paper
was referenced in a creationist work. I'll confine my remarks on that subject
to net.religion, so look there if you're interested.

	Lew Mammel, Jr. ihnp4!ihuxr!lew