[net.astro] StarDate: December 2 The First Landing on Mars

dipper@utastro.UUCP (Debbie Byrd) (12/02/84)

This is the anniversary of the first soft landing on Mars.  More on the
Soviet spacecraft that did it -- right after this.

December 2  The First Landing on Mars

The first soft landing on Mars was made on this date in the year 1971
-- by a Soviet spacecraft, Mars 3.  The Soviets had been trying to get
to Mars for eleven years.  They'd had a stunning series of failures --
but they'd persevered -- to reach the surface of Mars four-and-a-half
years before we did.

The Soviet Mars 3 lander came down in a shallow basin on Mars -- a
crater nine hundred miles in diameter ringed by ancient, eroded hills.
The Russians announced that Mars 3 opened the way for the search for
life on Mars.  It's unclear, though, whether that particular lander
carried equipment for life detection.

It did carry scientific instruments designed to study the Martian
atmosphere and soil.  And it carried a television camera, which the
Russians hoped would give the world its first pictures of the Martian
surface.

Unluckily, the Mars 3 lander went silent only 20 seconds after the
equipment and camera were turned on.  Communications ceased, and the
lander wasn't heard from again.  The world had to wait for NASA's
Viking spacecraft for the first pictures from the surface of Mars.
They finally came in the summer of 1976.

Meanwhile, the fate of the Soviet Mars Lander 3 is unknown.  One
possibility is that the lander kept transmitting, but that its sister
craft -- a spacecraft in orbit around Mars -- did not relay the
signal.  Another possibility is that the lander succumbed to the forces
of nature -- that it toppled in a Martian dust storm.


Script by Deborah Byrd.


(c) Copyright 1983, 1984 McDonald Observatory, University of Texas at Austin

gino@voder.UUCP (Gino Bloch) (12/04/84)

[Martian BEM bait]

> Unluckily, the Mars 3 lander went silent only 20 seconds after the
> equipment and camera were turned on.  Communications ceased ...
> Meanwhile, the fate of the Soviet Mars Lander 3 is unknown ...

As an SF fan, amateur astronomer, and believer in extraterrestrial life,
I'd like to believe that a BEM (or a line-eater bug) ate it.  However,
I don't - yet.  BUT - it can't be discounted either.

I sure like to see StarDate postings.  Thanks, UT, for doing it.
-- 
Gene E. Bloch (...!nsc!voder!gino)
Mr Humility