[net.cog-eng] right justification

dwc@hou2b.UUCP (D.CHEN) (06/15/85)

it sounds like there are several things the "mind" must do to read.
keeping track of the current and next line is certainly one of them
it also sounds as if the lines could be right justified as long as
it is not also right justified.  but all this could be solved by using
a bookmark or something.

i took a psycholinguistics course once and the professor did an interesting
experiment with us once.  we read some text that had been right justified
using some algorithm that put the necessary spaces between the words
uniformly and an algorithm that grouped phrases together and put spaces
uniformly around phrases.  it turned out that our reading speed and
comprehension was significantly greater (in the statistical sense) when
the phrases were grouped together.  this makes sense but its nice to
see that common sense can be used for practical applications.

danny chen
ihnp4!hou2b!dwc

dwc@hou2b.UUCP (D.CHEN) (06/15/85)

it sounds like there are several things the "mind" must do to read.
keeping track of the current and next line is certainly one of them
it also sounds as if the lines could be right justified as long as
it is not also right justified.  but all this could be solved by using
	       ^^^^^
	    (i mean left)
a bookmark or something.

i took a psycholinguistics course once and the professor did an interesting
experiment with us once.  we read some text that had been right justified
using some algorithm that put the necessary spaces between the words
uniformly and an algorithm that grouped phrases together and put spaces
uniformly around phrases.  it turned out that our reading speed and
comprehension was significantly greater (in the statistical sense) when
the phrases were grouped together.  this makes sense but its nice to
see that common sense can be used for practical applications.

danny chen
ihnp4!hou2b!dwc

ccrbrian@ucdavis.UUCP (Brian Reilly) (06/18/85)

> i took a psycholinguistics course once and the professor did an interesting
> experiment with us once.  we read some text that had been right justified
> using some algorithm that put the necessary spaces between the words
> uniformly and an algorithm that grouped phrases together and put spaces
> uniformly around phrases.  it turned out that our reading speed and
> comprehension was significantly greater (in the statistical sense) when
> the phrases were grouped together.  this makes sense but its nice to
> see that common sense can be used for practical applications.
> 
> danny chen
> ihnp4!hou2b!dwc

I taught speed reading classes for a reading and study skills company
at a number of colleges, and the goal of the course was to get people
to read in phrases, rather than one word at a time.  Because the number
of fixations the eye can make in a minute is limited ( 1/5 sec. per
fixation and 1/30 sec. between fixations ), one way to increase your
reading rate is to see more words each time your eyes make a stop.
Another way to increase your rate is to skip some of the words :-).

I think it would be interesting if books were typeset using a method
similar to the one you suggest.  I am almost finished writing a booklet
for a speed reading course, and I tried to use something similar to
grouping the words in phrases on a line.

It is actually     two lines at    but it is difficult    like 
possible to read   the same time,  to organize the text   this.

If anyone has a formatting program that does this, I am interested.
However, I abandoned the idea of printing my booklet like this because
the people who read it did not seem to like the text in that format as
much as I anticipated.  When presented with several different formats,
people usually indicate that the two-line phrase method is quite
readable.  Maybe this is not true for longer sections, but I think
it can be effective in advertisements - if someone can read it
faster, they should understand it more easily and if they are
puzzled, they will likely re-read it to figure out what it is that
is making it puzzling.

Anyone else think this is a better way to read?  Or is anyone
interested in a free booklet on reading and study skills? (It isn't
quite done, but will be before June 30th.)

			Brian Reilly

-- 
~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=
     Brian Reilly                    Davis, CA 95616
     U.C. Davis Computer Center      ucbvax!ucdavis!deneb!ccrbrian

mmt@dciem.UUCP (Martin Taylor) (06/19/85)

>> i took a psycholinguistics course once and the professor did an interesting
>> experiment with us once.  we read some text that had been right justified
>> using some algorithm that put the necessary spaces between the words
>> uniformly and an algorithm that grouped phrases together and put spaces
>> uniformly around phrases.  it turned out that our reading speed and
>> comprehension was significantly greater (in the statistical sense) when
>> the phrases were grouped together.  this makes sense but its nice to
>> see that common sense can be used for practical applications.
>> 
>> danny chen
>> ihnp4!hou2b!dwc
>I think it would be interesting if books were typeset using a method
>similar to the one you suggest.  I am almost finished writing a booklet
>for a speed reading course, and I tried to use something similar to
>grouping the words in phrases on a line.
>
>It is actually     two lines at    but it is difficult    like 
>possible to read   the same time,  to organize the text   this.
>
>Anyone else think this is a better way to read?  Or is anyone
>interested in a free booklet on reading and study skills? (It isn't
>quite done, but will be before June 30th.)
>
>                        Brian Reilly
Both these typographical tricks have been suggested, the first by
North and Jenkins (J.Applied Psychol., 1951, 35, 225-228), the second
by Andrews (Tex. Outlook, 1949, 33, 20-21).  They and a couple of other
phrase-based typographies were studied by Coleman and Taylor (my wife,
not me) (J. Applied Psychology, 1961, 45, 262-267).  They found that
in reading passages, conventional typography was faster but not significantly
better in comprehension.  But in a tachistoscope (rapid flash presentation)
both the styles suggested in the Chen and Reilly notes (spaced and square-span)
were better than conventional.  They suggest that if people were trained
to read these typographies, they might have significant advantages.
-- 

Martin Taylor
{allegra,linus,ihnp4,floyd,ubc-vision}!utzoo!dciem!mmt
{uw-beaver,qucis,watmath}!utcsri!dciem!mmt